I-primer yesondlo kwizityalo ze-aquarium iqulethe inani elincinci lezinto ezincedo ezibonelela ngamanzi kwinkqubo yeengcambu zokubhabisa, ngokukhula kwabo ngcono, ukuphuhliswa nokuxinwa kwengcinezelo ngexesha lokutyala kunye nokuqaliswa kwe-aquarium.
Ngaba udinga izondlo kwi-aquarium?
Umhlaba we-Aquarium wezondlo, izibonakaliso zekhwalithi kunye nezinto ezilinganisekileyo zibaluleke kakhulu ekuqalweni nasekuphileni kwe-aquarium. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lisebenza njenge-biofilter esebenzayo yokulwa ne-nitrogen, iyancedisa ukukhula okukhululekile kwamaqela athile ase-aquarium. Abaninzi bama-aquarist abanamava baqaphela impawu ezinobungakanani bomhlaba obuncithakalo kwizityalo ze-aquarium, ngoncedo lwawo:
- kukho ukuxutywa kwezondlo eziyingozi kunye ezingenasidingo;
- Ukumnyama kunye nokubola kweengcambu kuyabandakanywa;
- izityalo zifumana izixhobo ezifunekayo ekukhuleni nasekuphuhlisweni;
- Iimaminerali ezenza amanzi zilinganayo kwaye azichaphazeli izinga le-pH.
Yiyiphi i-primer engcono kwizityalo ze-aquarium?
Ukucinga malunga naluphi uhlobo lomhlaba olufunekayo kwiimveliso ze-aquarium, qhubela phambili kwiziphi iintlobo zezinto eziphilayo oceba ukuzisebenzisa, ziza kuba ziphi ubungakanani, ubunjani bobunjani be-substrate kufuneka bahlangabezane neemfuno zomxholo wabo. Ukuze ukhethe ngokukhethekileyo yomhlaba kwi-aquarium yakho, kufuneka ucinge kwangaphambili nje ngeentlobo zeentlanzi kunye nezityalo, kodwa kunye nokuqulunqwa jikelele, kukho imigaqo emininzi efunekayo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe ngayo:
- kwizityalo ezinesistim esingaphantsi kwengcambu, umhlaba onesakhiwo esilungileyo siyimfuneko;
- Inkqubo eneengcambu ezinamandla idinga iqhezu eliqingqiweyo okanye eliphakathi;
- Ubuninzi bomhlaba obulungele ukusetyenziswa kwezityalo ezininzi ngu-5-7 cm;
- Into ebalulekileyo ngumhlaba wokutya, ukhethe ngaphezulu ukulungiswa kunye nama-microelements;
- Inhlabathi engcono kakhulu yendalo, yemvelo.
Ubukhulu bezondlo kwi-aquarium
Umhlaba wezityalo ze-aquarium kubalulekile njengomthombo wesondlo kwiinkqubo zengcambu kwaye njengombonakaliso wamanzi , ukuthintela ukuveliswa kweebhaktheriya. Ukuba uluhlu lomhlaba lunqabileyo, ngaphantsi kweesentimitha ezintathu, alukwazi ukuthintela ukukhula kwama-bacterium anaerobic. Ehlabathini, izinto eziphathekayo zihlala, ukuze kungagqitywa kuyo, ubukhulu boluhlu bunqweneleka kwi-4-5 cm, iiparitha ezinjalo zifanelekile kwinani elikhulu lezityalo.
Ungasebenzisa indlela yokubeka iindawo ezintathu zomhlaba kwi-aquarium:
- inxalenye engezantsi (2-4 cm) - i-laterite eyenyiswe ngesinyithi okanye i-gravel, kunye nokufakelwa kwodongwe, isetyenziselwa ukuba iqule iipeliti kuyo kunye neefomenti ezongezelelweyo ze-mineral;
- Uluhlu oluphakathi (2 cm) - umhlaba odibene nepeat nesihlabathi, unokuba wongezwa iibhola zobumba, isichumisi kunye nokutya;
- umgca ophezulu (4-5 cm) - i-gravel encinci exutywe ngesanti, isebenza ekugqibeleni isangqa esingaphambili, esinokukhupha amanzi, kulungele ukubeka amatye okuhlobisa okanye ezinye izinto eziye zihlobisa i-aquarium design.
Ukuhamba kwamanzi kwiindawo ezinomsoco
Ukuqala i-aquarium kugqiba iindidi zezinto eziphilayo ofuna ukuzibona kuyo, kwaye ngale ndlela, uthenge okanye wenze umhlaba omele ukondla kubemi kunye nezityalo ze-aquarium. Inkqubo yokuzihlaziya i-aquarium yenziwa ngamanyathelo athile:
- Emva kokuhlambulula i-aquarium ngamanzi ahambayo, uthele umhlaba kuwo, uphinde uhlanjwe uze udibaniswe negravel, u-cm cm 2-3;
- Faka ifayile kunye nenkqubo yokukhanyisa;
- gcwalisa i-aquarium efudumele (ngaphakathi kwama-+25 degrees) ngamanzi, ukuya kwisiqingatha somthamo. Phala ngokufanelekileyo, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa umhlaba;
- Tshala izityalo ngokubeka ezide kunazo zonke kumdonga osesemva, ukukhulula intsimi yokuloba inhlanzi;
- engeza amanzi kwindawo yokushisa lokubasa kwiimpawu ezizodwa ze-aquarium;
- vula ifayile kunye nokukhanyisa ;
- ivelise i-biocultures eziyimfuneko eziza kusekwa ukulinganisela kwezinto eziphilayo zamanzi, unokongeza izichumisi, ukuphucula ngcono izityalo zengcambu. Kwexesha elithile, jonga usebenziso oluqhelekileyo lweenkqubo zenkxaso yokuphila, izikhombisi zokushisa kunye nezimo zamanzi;
- xa ukukhanya kuphelile (ukunciphisa uxinzelelo), unciphise intlanzi kwi-aquarium imizuzu engama-5-10 kwibhegi yokuthumela, ukulinganisa iqondo lokushisa, ukuyikhulula ipakethe, uyizalise ngamanzi e-aquarium kwaye ukhulule iintlanzi;
- Ngosuku lokuqala lokuhlala kwi-aquarium musa ukuzondla intlanzi, emva kokuxinzezeleka kwabo, bayeke ukutya, kungcono ukwenza oko kusasa olulandelayo.
Ukuqala kwizityalo ze-aquarium ngezandla zabo
I-primer yokuthengwa kwezondlo kwiimveliso ze-aquarium inomgangatho owodwa ococekileyo - uyingqungquthela, oku kuphelisa ukubonakala kobuthakathaka, kodwa kubheka iindleko zokongeza izinto. Ngoko ke, abaninzi abaqalayo be-aquarists bacinga ngendlela yokwenza umhlaba onomsoco kwi-aquarium ngokwabo.
Akukho namanye amafemu awaziwayo achaza uluhlu lwezithako kunye nomlinganiselo wokulinganisa, kodwa izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ezisetyenziswayo ziyaziwa. Kukho iinkalo ezininzi ezifunekayo:
- I-Organic. Oku kunokuba, njengomhlaba womyezo kunye nomquba, ukwenza imisebenzi yokunciphisa umhlaba kunye nokuzalisa izondlo.
- Ibala. Yithwala umthwalo oqokelelwayo, ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yomhlaba wezondlo.
- Peat. Unika izinga elifanelekileyo le-asidi kunye neemeko ezifanelekileyo zokuphuhlisa izityalo zengcambu.
- Microelements. Kungcono ukusebenzisa izongezo ezizodwa ezinefuthe elide, ezithengiswa kwiivenkile, zisetyenziswe ngobuncinane.
- Yenza i khabhoni. Inani elincinci liya kukhusela malunga ne-toxin ekubolekeni.
- Sandle. Ukwandisa umthamo.