I-delphinium yokuhlobisa i-Greeks yamandulo yayibizwa ngokuba ngumdwebi omtsha owavuselela ngoncedo lomfanekiso omhle weentyatyambo zomfelwa othandekayo. Ngoku isityalo, esithatha uhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nolwandle oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, luphawu lothando kwaye luhlobisa igadi kunye neentyantyambo zeentyantyambo emhlabeni jikelele.
UDelphinium iminyaka emininzi kwiplani yemvelo
I-delphinium ekhanyayo engadini isetyenziswe njengengcali yecandelo kwiqela okanye ukutsalwa okunye. Ingasetyenziselwa kwezi zilandelayo:
- i-delphinium yeentyantyambo ihambelana neminyaka emininzi xa ikhangelene neminduze, i-roses, i-clematis, izitshalo zokuhlobisa - chubushnik, barberry;
- Inkcubeko iphakamileyo, ngoko ke isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimvelaphi yokubeka iindawo ezibonakalayo engadini;
- iintyatyambo ezimfutshane (i-geychery, i-cuffs, imikhosi, i-vareyniki) iya kuba ngabahlakaniphileyo be-delphinium, ephakamileyo, kodwa ayinayo amaqabunga;
- Ukuba utshala ubunqweno (igama lesizwe lesityalo) kumacala omabini e-alley, uya kufumana udonga oluhle oluphilayo kumyezo;
- I-Delphinium ibukeka ikhulu kakhulu malunga nemvelaphi yeemveliso ze-coniferous eziluhlaza.
Iintlobo ze-delphinium engapheliyo
I-delphinium yimiyezo ingowomntu weentsapho ze-buttercups iminyaka emininzi. Ukuphakama kwayo kuya kuma-40 cm ukuya kwi-2 m, inzuzo enkulu ebusweni - iintyatyambo ezithandekayo. Zinemibala eyahlukileyo - emhlophe, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-violet, eqokelelwe kwiindawo eziphezulu zeepramramidal. Ngaphakathi kweentyantyambo kukho iipalali ezimbini, ukungafani ne-sepals ("amehlo"), athanda inambuzane. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokukhawuleza - ezilula kunye ne-terry. Zonke zinomntu ocacileyo, zihluke ekuphakameni kweempawu kunye nemibala yeepalali. Izityalo zihlukaniswe ngamaqela kwindawo yokuvela kuyo.
Delphinium iminyaka emininzi - iintlobo ezidumile:
- Iqela laseNew Zealand. Ukufaneka nokukhula okuphakamileyo - ukuya kwi-2.3 m, i-terry enkulu kunye ne-semimouse buds (8-10 cm ububanzi), ezinye iintlobo zineepalali ezonakalisiweyo. Iintyatyambo zino-frost-resistant, resistant to diseases, ngoku ziyaziwa kakhulu.
- WaseScotland. Ziyaziwa ngokuba yi-inflorescences ezinqamlekileyo ze-super-double and buds. Ngobude obude be-1.5 m, i-cob ene-rosettes enhle ifinyelela kuma-80 cm ubude. I-Scots ine-color palette ebonakalayo-ukusuka e-snow-white, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya kwipinki kunye nobomvu obomvu. Zihlala zihlala zizinzi kwaye zingathobeki.
- Marfin. Izityalo ziyi-1.6-2 m ngobukhulu, zinokukhuseleka kweqabunga kunye nokuzilungisa. Iintyatyambo-ezinkulu, i-semi-double, zihluke "amehlo".
Delphinium iminyaka emininzi - ukufika
Ukuhlakulela i-delphinium engapheliyo, i-shaded encinci, ikhuselwe emoyeni, iindawo ezinomhlaba ocebileyo ongenamdla. Kunconywa ukuba umququzelele izityalo zokutshala nge-ash ash. Ilanga elikhanyayo linceda ukunciphisa ixesha lokuvuna kwesityalo. I-Delphinium imfutshane okanye iphakame ikhula iyalinywa ngezityalo, ezinokuthengwa okanye ezifunyenwe ngokuzimela kwimbewu. Indlela yesibini inenzuzo kwaye inomdla - ngoko unokulawula yonke inkqubo yokubonakala kwityalo.
Indlela yokutshala i-delphinium iminyaka emininzi?
Emva kokuqhakaza kwimozulu esomileyo, izithelo ezimdaka zivunwa kwiimpawu. Zigcinwa kwiqrijini kuze kufike entwasahlobo. Indlela yokutshala i-delphinium iminyaka emininzi:
- Ngaphambi kokutyala imbewu ayinakukhutshwa yi-disinfected - kwisikhwama samathambo abekwa imizuzu engama-20 kwisisombululo se-manganese. Emva koko supha ngamanzi afudumele kunye nobusuku begalela isisombululo se- Epin (2 amanconsi nge-120 ml yamanzi). Emva koko imbewu inomiswa.
- Umhlaba olungiselelwe umxube ( umquba ), i-peat, umhlaba wegadi kunye nesanti kwisixinaniso se-1: 1: 1: 0.5. I-Perlite kwisixa se-0.5 iglasi nganye nge-5 ilitha yomxube iya kwandisa ukunyaniseka kunye nokunyusa kwamanzi. Umhlaba olungiselelwe ungagcinwa kwindawo yokuhlambela amanzi ngamaminithi angama-60 ukutshabalalisa iinqwelo zamakhowe kunye nokhula.
- Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukutyala kuthathwa kwiingxowa ezikhethekileyo zezityalo. Imbewu ifakwa phezu komhlaba, i-substrate ihlanganiswe ngoluhlu lwe-4 mm, isithintela sihlanganiswe ngefilimu emnyama kwaye sifakwa efestile.
Xa ukutshala i-delphinium iminyaka emininzi?
Kufuneka ukuba ukhethe ixesha elifanelekileyo kwi-delphinium engapheliyo xa ukhula ukusuka kwiimbewu: xa uhlwayelwa kwiimbewu kwiingxowa, kwaye nini-ukuvula umhlaba. Xa kukhula ihluma kwiimeko zangaphakathi, abalimi bayacetyiswa ukuhlwayela impahla ukususela ngoFebruwari ukuya kuMeyi. Kodwa inyanga efanelekileyo kakhulu yokulima ihluma ngowama-Matshi. Ukongeza kwintyatyambo yokutshala izityalo, kukho imigaqo yokubeka imbewu ngqo kwindawo evulekile: ihlobo (ngoJuni-Julayi), ekwindla (Oktobha-Novemba). Ezi ziqununu ziza kuba nexesha lokwenza amaqabunga ama-2-3 kwaye iphumelele ngempumelelo emhlabathini.
Indlela yokukhulisa i-delphinium iminyaka emininzi?
Ukunyamekela ngakumbi kukunyamekela izityalo. UDelphinium iminyaka emininzi - ukukhula okufanelekileyo kwezityalo:
- Urhulumente wokushisa ukuhluma ngu 10-15 ° C. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuhlwayela, isitya kunye nembewu sinokufakwa kwisiqandisini - imeko ukuya kwi -6 ° C ayiyi kuzisa ingcambu;
- emva kweeveki ezimbalwa i-container ibuyiselwa kwifestile. Ezi ndlela zibizwa ngokuba yi-stratification, zandisa ukuhluma kwembewu;
- umhlaba ugosiwe ngokukhawuleza, isitya sinomoya. Emva kweveki 1-2 imbewu iya kuhluma, ifilimu kufuneka isuswe ngoko nangoko;
- Izityalo ezinempilo zibukeka ziluhlaza oluhlaza, zibonise ama-cotyledons. Emva kokuba amahlumela avele amaqabunga ama-2-3, aphinde afakwe kwiimbiza nge volume 200 ml, podraschivayut kwi-20deg; C;
- Ukutyala ukutyala kuyamodareyitha, ukuze kungabikho umswakama obuninzi, kuba kukho umngcipheko wesifo "Umlenze omnyama" ;
- Izityalo zondliwa kabini ngeziyobisi "Agricola" okanye "iRastvorin" kunye nexesha elidlulileyo lweeveki ezimbini.
I-Delphinium yinto yokuguqula ixesha elide
Ngokuphathelele ukulungelelaniswa kweentyantyambo zokutshintshwa kwintlobo kuboniswa yinkqubo yabo yeengcambu - ibhokhwe kufuneka iboshwe ngokupheleleyo. Izityalo ezinjalo zingafakwa kwindawo evulekileyo, xa ukutshintshwa kwe-delphinium iphela kuyakukhuseleka kwaye kudlulileyo usongelo lweqabunga - ekupheleni kweMeyi. Imigaqo yokuhlaliswa:
- Le ndawo isuselwe ekwindla kunye nepeat okanye umquba. Kwinyanga yokwenziwa kwonyango, njengoko isichumisi sisetyenziselwa i-40 g ye-ammonium sulfate, i-50 g yetyuwa ye-potassium, i-60 g ye-superphosphate nge-1 m 2 . Unokuhlwayela izityalo ngeentsuku ezimbalwa;
- Izithombo zifakwa emithonjeni enobubanzi obungama-40 cm kunye nobunzulu be-50 cm, kumgama wama-60-70 cm omnye komnye;
- Ngethuba lokuqala imbewu iyabutyalwa kakhulu ngebhotile yeplastiki, emva kokuya ekukhuleni - ingasuswa.
Indlela yokwandisa i-delphinium iminyaka emininzi?
Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokwandisa i-delphinium engapheliyo:
- Icandelo lehlathi. Unokubhenela kule ndlela yonyaka wesithathu wokuphila kwezityalo. Yenza oku ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngaphambi kokubonakala kweentsamba zokuqala okanye ngo-Agasti emva kokugquma. Imithetho yokwahlula ihlathi:
- Ukumba i-rhizome, unqume iindawo ezibolileyo kunye nezimileyo;
- ukwahlula isityalo zibe ngamacandelo amabini, ngasinye kwisinye okanye amaqela amaninzi anamandla kufuneka ahlale;
- iindawo ezahlukileyo zeentyatyambo kufuneka zityalwe ebhodweni;
- kwiiveki ezingama-2-3, emva kokuba isiqithi siqina, sinokubeka kwindawo evulekile - ngaphambi kobusika, kuya kuba nexesha lokuhlala phantsi.
- isityalo asihlanjwanga, nje amahlumela amancinci atyunwe ngommese obukhali kunye nenqwelwana ye-rhizome;
- amahlumela afakwa ebhokisini ngesanti ukuya kutsho 2-3 cm;
- Iiveki ezimbini zokucoca zihlanjululwa, zifakwe kwilanga elithe ngqo;
- Emva kweeveki ezintathu, i-root root of the cuttings iya kuba nzima, kwaye isityalo singasuswa ebhokisini ukuya kwiibhotile, zityalwe kwindawo evulekile.
Pikirovka delphinium iphela
Izithombo ze delphinium ziyahlanjululwa, emva kokuba isityalo sinamaqabunga amathathu apheleleyo. Kungcono ukuthatha iikomityi zeepatyi nge-200-300 ml kunye nobubanzi be-9 cm yokufakelwa. Intyatyambo iyahlanjululwa kunye nenhla evela ebhokisini, ukwenzela ukuba umngcipheko kwiingcambu zincinci. I-substrate yokulima kufuneka ibe lula, kuba i-dolphinium ende ende ikhula kakuhle kwihlabathi kunye neendawo ezinokuphefumula.
Izifo ze-delphinium engapheliyo
I-delphinium yegadi yinto enokude, ekhulayo kunye nenkathalo eyenziwa ngokuphulwa kweteknoloji yezolimo, ingagula okanye ihlaselwe yizilwanyana. Iingxaki eziphambili zokulima:
- Isifo sobunzima. Ingulelo lwefungaluthi olufihla amaqabunga ngeengubo ezimhlophe. Kwimeko yokubakho kuyimfuneko ukunkcenkcesha isiqithi kunye nesiseko okanye udidi lwe "Topaz".
- Mnyama. Kubonakala kwinqanaba elincinane leemigangatho, kwinqanaba lokuqala kuyimfuneko ukutyhiza isityalo nge tetracycline (1 capsule nge 1 litre yamanzi).
- Itawu yomngcele. Ihlanganisa amaqabunga ngamanqaku aphuzi. Intsholongwane engenakukuphelisa - iifutha ezichaphazelekayo kufuneka zisuswe.
- Aphids. Ukukhusela isityalo esityiwe nge "Carbophos" okanye "Actellikom."
- Slugs. Bavaloyika ngephunga leqhekeza, elifakwe kwizikhonkwane phakathi kweentsika.
- Delphinium fly. Ubeka amaqanda kwi-inflorescences, elwa nezinambuzane ezihamba naye.
Ukunyamekela kwe-delphinium engapheliyo
I-delphinium yegadi yinto ende, inokuthobeka, ukutyalwa nokunyamekela kubandakanya ukutya, ukunisela, ukugaya kunye nokucoca. Endaweni enye inkcubeko ihlala kwiminyaka eyi-10, ngoko kufuneka idluliselwe. Izigaba ezibalulekileyo zonyango:
- Emva kokuba iziqu zifikelela kuma-50 cm, zomelezwa ngezoxhaswa, ukwenzela ukuba isityalo asiphuli umoya. Ekufuphi kwinqaba ibeka i-slats, lungisa iihlumela ngeempawu zeethambo.
- Ukutshisa i-delphinium iminyaka emininzi emva kokuba isityalo sifinyelele kubukhulu be-20-30 cm. Ehlathini ushiye i-3-5 eqinile, uwasuse amahlumela ngaphakathi kwesityalo kufuphi nomhlaba-ababuthathaka. Inqubo ikhusela isiqithi kwisifo kwaye ivumela ukuhamba kwemoya engcono.
- Ekwindla, emva kokuqhafaza, inxalenye yendiza yesityalo inqunywe ukuphakama kwama-20-25 cm.
I-Dolphinium isityalo iminyaka emininzi-yokugqoka
Ientyatyambo ze delphinium zondliwa ixesha elihlandlo kathathu:
- emva kokuba izityalo zikhule zibe yi-10-15 cm, zixutywe ngomxube we-mullein - umgquba kunye namanzi kwisilinganiselo se-1:10;
- Ngexesha lokuhamba, 50 g ye-superphosphate kunye ne-40 g ye potassium zongezwa kwi-1 m 2 yomhlaba. Ukulungelelaniswa kudibeneyo, kwasasazeka phantsi kwehlathini kwaye kwandiswe ngo-5-6 cm;
- Ngo-Agasti isihlwele sondliwa ngama-60 g superphosphate, i-15 grams ye-nitmonium nitrate, i-30 g ye-potassium chloride kunye ne-40 g ye-ammonium sulfate.
Delphinium iminyaka emininzi - ukuthambisa
I-delphinium yokuhlobisa i-long-term-loving love culture. Ngexesha lexesha, isityalo ngasinye sidla ukuya kuma-65 ilitha amanzi. Kumele kuqinisekiswe ukuba umhlaba phantsi kwawo uhlale unomanzi. Ngako oko, phantsi kwehlathini athulule iibhakethi ezimbalwa zamanzi ngeveki. Ukuba umhlaba uyomile, ukhululiwe kwi-4-5 cm. Ngethuba lokubunjwa kwe-inflorescences, inkcubeko ifuna kakhulu ukuthambisa ukuze kungabikho ii-patches ezingenazo i-rosettes ezenziwe ngezandla. UDelphinium mfutshane, iminyaka emininzi kufuneka ihlulwe ngokucokisekileyo phantsi kwengcambu. Amanzi akufanele awele kumagqabi, ngaphandle koko ukutshiswa kungenzeka.