Umsebenzi wabasebenzi bokucima umlilo kuluhlu lwezakhono eziyingozi kakhulu, kwaye encinci iyaziwa ngokuphila kwamaqela okuhlangula. Ixesha lokulungisa le mpazamo.
Into eninzi abantu abayaziyo ngabafaki-mlilo inamba yefowuni ukubiza i-brigade, bakhwela imoto ebomvu bayicime umlilo usebenzisa i-hoses. Ulwazi oluneliseko olufanelekileyo, ngoko ke kufuneka ndifune yonke into, kwaye kuwe - amaqiniso amnandi malunga nomsebenzi onobungozi wenkonzo yomlilo.
1. Imigaqo efunekayo
Nsuku zonke uguquko olutsha luqala ngeenkqubo ezinyanzelisayo: isheke lokufakelwa kwezixhobo zokuphefumula, iimpahla zokulwa kunye namaxwebhu omntu aqhutywayo, eziyimfuneko xa imeko ibuhlungu, ukuze ichonge umntu ukuba uyafa.
2. Iinguqu ezinde
Kwiimeko ezininzi, abacimi bomlilo basebenze ngokwecwangciso "usuku ezimbini", kodwa kwezinye iikomiti abantu basebenza iintsuku ezingama-3-4 ngokulandelelana kwiiyure eziyi-10-12. Ukuba kukho imeko engxamisekileyo, amaqhawe angasebenza ngaphandle kwekhefu ngaphezulu kweentsuku.
3. I-fire brigade yokuqala
Kukholelwa ukuba ngethuba lokuqala abantu babumba ama-brigades ukucima umlilo eNgilani, kwaye le nto yayiyinkqubo yeenkampani zomshuwalense ezazifuna ukunciphisa ilahleko xa kwenzeka iintlekele. Ayaziwa ngokuchanekileyo, kodwa kuthiwa abokuqala umlilo babonakala ngo-1722.
4. Abasetyhini bahamba kunye namadoda
Kwakukho umzekelo wokuba umsebenzi onzima ungenziwa kuphela ngabantu, kodwa ngokwenene umfazi wokuqala ukuba ngumlilo ngumlilo nguMolly Williams, ongena kwinkonzo ekuqaleni kweXIXX. Emva kwexesha, kwakukho iingqungquthela ezahlukileyo, ezibandakanya kuphela abameli bezesondo ezifanelekileyo.
5. Kutheni ibhakethi lomlilo likaloyi?
Namhlanje ama-fire brigades anikwe iikhompyutheni zanamuhla eziye zacima umlilo ngokugqithiseleyo. Ngaphambi kokuba oku kungenjalo, kwaye abantu basebenzisa amabhakethi esimo soguqu. Babeneenzuzo ezibini ezibalulekileyo: ukuveliswa kwezixhobo ezinjalo zithatha izinto ezincinci, kwaye xa zikhutshwa kuyo, kungekhona amanzi amaninzi athululelwa, ngoko umlilo wacinywa ngokukhawuleza.
6. Uhlobo olulodwa
Ukwenza i-suit for fireman i-cloth ekhethekileyo isetyenziswe, ekwazi ukujamelana nokushisa ukuya kwi-1200 ° C. Ukongezelela, ikhusela kwimiphumo ye-acids kunye ne-alkali. Ngenxa yezi mpahla umlilo unokusindisa abantu ekutshiseni izindlu.
7. Imfuneko yomlilo
Kwiposi yokulayishwa, umlilo we-fire is not for beauty. Enyanisweni, kuyadingeka ukuba uhlawule ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kumgangatho wesibini, njengoko, ngokomthetho, kumgangatho wokuqala wesakhiwo kukho imoto kunye nezixhobo, kwaye abantu basesiteji sesibini. Iintandathu zisetyenziswe malunga neminyaka eyi-140.
8. Izixhobo ezinamandla
Ukusebenza kwabasebenzi bokucima umlilo akuyona nje ingozi, kodwa kunzima kwaye, nangona ngqiqo yegama, njengoko kufuneka baqhube bevela kwi-5 ukuya kwi-30 kg. Konke kuxhomekeke kwizinto zokugqoka ezenziwe, kwaye zibandakanya ntoni kwengubo. Ngenxa yokubaluleka okunjalo, kuyacaca ukuba umsebenzi womlilo osebenza ngomlilo ufanelekile kuphela kubantu abaqeqeshwe ngokomzimba.
9. Ixesha lokufikelela emlilweni
Ngokwemiselo ekhethekileyo, i-fire brigade kufuneka ifumane umlilo kumzi ungaphantsi kwemizuzu eyi-10. Ngokumalunga neendawo zasemaphandleni, ixesha liya kwimizuzu engama-20. Ezi ziqendu zichazwe yinyaniso yokuba ngeli xesha ixesha lomlilo lihamba ngokukhawuleza kwaye liya kuba lula ukulicima.
10. Izinto ezifakwe kakuhle
Xa umqondiso ufumene ukuba umlilo uqalise, i-brigade inemizuzu embalwa ukuyibeka, uthathe izixhobo kwaye ube semotweni. Ukwenza oku, bagcina izinto zabo ngendlela ekhethekileyo, umzekelo, iigantshi ziphambene kwaye zifakwe kwiibhuthi.
11. Ukugcina amanzi
Kwimoto esemgangathweni itanki, ehlala kwi-2 350 ilitha amanzi. Ukuba kuphela umkhono wesandla udibaniswe, ke le vidiyo iya kudlalwa kwii-7.5 imizuzu. Umatshini ngamnye unompu okhethekileyo owenzelwe ukukhawuleza ukuzalisa izixhobo zokugcina amanzi. Inokuxhunyezwa kwi-hydrant okanye ukupompoza amanzi ukusuka kwindawo yokuvula.
12. Ukulahla iindevu kunye nemilenze
Ngokwemigaqo, abasebenzi abasebenzisa umlilo akufanele babe neendwangu eziluhlaza kunye namadevu, kodwa banqabe ukubetha ubuso. Ukuvinjelwa kubangelwa kukuba ngexesha lomsebenzi banokudinga imaski yomoya, emele ifanelane ngokuqinileyo ebusweni, kwaye izityalo kunye nemihlobiso eyahlukahlukeneyo iya kuthintela.
13. Isijeziso sabasebenzi bokucima umlilo
Ukuba umntu uvutha, akanako ukumangalela, kodwa abacima umlilo nabo bangaphantsi kophando. Emva kokuba umlilo uvaliwe, iqela labaphandi liza kwimeko yesiganeko, esichaza umthombo womlilo kwaye yenze isenzo sokusemthethweni somlilo. Bavavanya ukuba ngaba iqela lisebenze ngokuchanekileyo nokuba ingazange lidale umonakalo onokuphetshwa.
14. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuba umlilo uvimbe
Umsebenzi womlilo wezigolgesi uninzi kakhulu kunokuba abaninzi bacinga. Abasindisa abantu kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo, ukuba banamathele kwi-elevator okanye bangaphantsi kwezindlu eziwa. Abacimi bomlilo banezakhono ezahlukeneyo abazenzayo ngenjongo enye - ukugcina ubomi bomntu. Ukongeza, zigcina izilwanyana.
15. Abacima umlilo - iivolontiya
Kwamazwe amaninzi kukho abantu abanomdla ngokuzibandakanya amaqela omlilo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ziququzelelwe apho urhulumente akakwazi ukugcina inkonzo. Ngokomzekelo, e-Chile kunabantu abangaphezu kwewaka abayi-firefighters-abavolontiya abahlawula inyanga nganye kwaye bafumana uqeqesho olukhethekileyo. Kwamanye amazwe, kuphela abantu abanezemfundo ephakamileyo abangaba ngabacimi bomlilo.
16. Ukusebenza kumgca
Kwiifilimu malunga nomsebenzi wabasebenzi bokucima umlilo babonisa indlela abahamba ngayo ngokukhawuleza isakhiwo esivuthayo kwaye bafumana amaxhoba okanye indlela yokuphuma, kodwa ebomini ngokwenene. Kwindlu evuthayo, ngenxa yomsi, akukho nto ibonakalayo nantoni, kwaye ngenxa yokudwengulwa okukhulu kweentangabi akukho nto ivakalayo, kwanekwenkqangaza abantu. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, akukho mfuneko ukuba ususe imaski, ngaphandle koko umbane womlilo angagxeka. Ngoko ke, abahlangulayo bahamba emagumbini avuthayo phantse ukuya kumgca.
17. Abancedisi abanezinyawo
Kususela kwixesha apho abacimi bomlilo basebenze kumahashe, i-brigade yayibandakanya izinja, kwaye kwakungenxa yokuba i-Dalmatians. Olu hlobo aluyikwesaba, kwaye kulula ukufunda. AmaDalmatiya ahlala kunye namahashe, kuba bekukholelwa ukuba izilwanyana zazifuna ukunxibelelana kakuhle ngomsebenzi omhle. Izinja zalolu hlobo ziye zaba uphawu oluthile lwabacimi bomlilo, kodwa namhlanje izilwanyana kunye nezinye iintlobo ziyakhangwa kwinkonzo. Umsebenzi wabo oyintloko kukufuna abantu, kuba banokufumana amaxhoba, xa umntu engenawo ithuba, umzekelo, ngenkohlakalo eqinile.
18. Izinkolelo zomlilo
Ukuba ufuna ukunqwenela abafaki-mlilo inhlanhla, kuba oku kuyinto yesiko ukuthetha "imikhono emile", kodwa oku kubangelwa ukuba ukucinywa kwenziwa ngepayipi ebizwa ngokuthi "ipayipi yomlilo" kwaye ukuba iya kuhlala iyomile, ke akukho mlilo. Ngokutsho kwesinye isaziso, abacimi-mlilo bangalokothi baxoxane ngesandla kwaye abafuni "ubusuku obuhle" ukuba bangahlangabezane nesayithi ngaloo mini. Ukongezelela, ngokweengxelo, kwinyanga epheleleyo, inani lemililo liyakhula, nalo linokwakheka kwengqiqo kwaye lenze inkolelo-ze.