Ukusika izivuno ngokukhawulezileyo kuyisistim esiyinhloko se-agrotechnical ekunakekeleni isityalo senkcubeko yasendulo, esinceda ukubeka isiqithi into ethile, ukukhuthaza ukukhula nokuvelisa. Kuphela ngokufunda ukwenza ngokuchanekileyo le ntsebenzo, unokuthembela ekuvuneni okulungileyo kwamajikijolo amnandi.
Indlela yokucoca iidiliya?
Imithetho ephambili yokucwenga iidiliya iphuhliswa kwixesha leminyaka eliqhelekileyo lokulima umdiliya oxabisekileyo, onokukwazi ukunyamekela ukuzisa umnini umvuzo oxabisekileyo. Kufuneka ukuba wazi kakuhle iimpawu ze-pasynkovaniya, iipiniki, ukufutshane kweenkuni ezindala. Amanxeba aphantsi kwaye angalunganga adala ukutshatyalaliswa kwamasebe kunye nemikhono epheleleyo, ukuhla kwehla okuvunayo.
Indlela yokunqumla amagilebhisi:
- Amahlumela wonyaka anciphise 2-3 cm ngaphezu kweso.
- Ukunqunyulwa kwenziwe ngeentaba ezivela kwiintso, ukuze ijusi ingagcwalisi iso.
- Musa ukushiya i-stumps ekhulu, idibanisa kwaye ibangela ukulimala okungonakalisayo.
- Ukuphakama kokunqunyulwa komdiliya ongapheli kwisiqu kuya kwi-10 cm.
- Xa i-pasynkovanii yinquma i-ocellus ephezulu nge-5 mm.
- Sishiya amaqhosha okufaka endaweni engezantsi kwelokutsala kwe-fruiting.
- Ukuba kukho ukufa kakhulu kweentso, kucetyiswa ukuba ushiye amaqhina okufaka endaweni, wandiwe kwimihlo engama-4.
- Amaqhina okutshintshwa kwesinye isaphulo esaphuhlisiwe sishiywe kwipopu entsha yokutshintshwa, kwaye kwi-arrow flruiting khetha umdiliya oveliswa kakuhle.
- Xa iqhwa okanye inombolo encinane yemidiya ehlwini oluphambili, ungasebenzisa iziqwenga kunye nezihluma zengcambu ukuze wenze amahlumela.
Iintlobo zokutyala iidiliya
Kufuneka ukuba uqonde ngokuchanekileyo iimpawu zokucwenga amagilebhisi ukuba zifake ngokufanelekileyo isiqithi okanye ukuvuselela isityalo esiguga. Kufuneka kuthathele ingqalelo iimpawu ze-varietal, ubudala behlathi, amandla okukhula kweli nqanaba lophuhliso, imozulu yendawo. Kukho iindidi ezilandelayo eziphambili zokucoca:
- Uqeqesho - lwenziwe ngokwemiqathango eqinile, kuxhomekeke kwindlela ekhethiweyo. Lo msebenzi ubaluleke kakhulu kwixesha lokuqala lokuhlala kwinqaba ukuya kwiminyaka engama-4.
- Izihlahla zonyaka - ngoncedo lwee-agrotechnical amanyathelo okwakhiwa okukhethiweyo kugcinwa kwaye ukuvelisa okusebenzayo kuyakhuthazwa.
- Ukuhlaziywa kwezihluma - isetyenziselwa ikakhulukazi kwizityalo zakudala, xa kufuneka ukuba zisuse izitshukumo, izakhi ezomileyo nezingenakuvelisa, ukutshintshwa okupheleleyo kwezandla.
- Imisebenzi eluhlaza ehlobo - ukucoca amaqabunga kunye nokususa amahlumela angaphezu kwama-juice.
Ukuqala ukusika izidiliya
Ukwenza ukusika izidiliya kunyaka wokuqala kuyimfuneko efunekayo ekuncedeni ukutshisa ihlathi elincinci elinemihluma elincinci kwaye ukhule umdiliya onamandla. Siyivelisa ekwindla emva kokupheliswa ngokupheleleyo kwezityalo kunye nokukhula okukhula. Kunconywa ukuba ushiye amehlo angama-2 okanye amathathu aphakanyiswe kakuhle, akhiwe ngaphezu kwesayithi lokugonywa okanye umgangatho womhlaba.
Ukutyala kwamagilebhisi ekwindla
Ixesha elifanelekileyo xa iinqununu zokuvuna izityalo ziveliswa kwindawo ethile, ibalwa ngokuxhomekeke kwimozulu yemozulu kunye nezolimo. Umlinganiselo we-agrotechnical kwikhaya elincinci lomdiliya welanga lilungele ukuvelisa kwizigaba ezimbini:
- Ukuqulunqa izidiliya kwangaphambili- kuyenziwa ekuqaleni kuka-Okthobha phambi kwamaqabunga amakhulu. Kususwe umdiliya ongehlaza, ongakwazi ukugcina isitoreji sasebusika. Amahlumela aseBrown akavumelekanga ukuba achukumise.
- Ukusika izidalwa zokugqibela - kuqala ekupheleni kwe-Oktobha ngaphambi kokufika kwamaqanda aqhubekayo. Ku--3 ° C nangaphantsi, umdiliya ulahlekelwa ukuguquguquka kwawo kunye nokuqhaqha.
Ukucima iidiliya ebusika
Ukunyuka kweziqhamo zeediliya kunoncedo kwaye kuqhutyelwa kwintsimi yesityalo sekhava. Imveliso yale ntshukumo ekwindla iyanciphisa ulwabiwo lwe-molasses kunye nomngcipheko wamehlo amuncu, atholakala ngokuzenzekelayo. I-bush compact shaped easy to cover with earth. Iingenelo zifumaneka kwindlela nganye yokucima izicathulo, ngoko ke ubuchule bukhethwa ngokusekelwe kumgangatho wezaziso, ngokuqwalasela iimpawu zayo.
Izinketho ze-Trim:
- Mfutshane - ushiya i-2-4 kwisebe.
- Umyinge - kwisitya ushiye i-8 amehlo, kwinqaba leesayizi eziphakathi - ukuya kuma-50.
- Utshintsho olunexesha elide- elifanelekileyo kwiidiliya zaseAsia, xa kufuneka uhambe ubuncinci bezintso ezi-15.
- Ukuxuba okuxubileyo kokunciphisa - ukudibanisa ukunqumla kwiqhina kunye nesicatshulwa sezityalo, kulula ukuhlaziya umdiliya kwaye wenze ihlathi.
Ukusika izihlahla zamagilebhisi
Ukulungiswa okufanelekileyo kwezidiliya entwasahlobo kuyinto efanelekileyo kwiinkcubeko ezingezizo, i-teknoloji yomsebenzi yenziwa ngokwemiqathango evumelekileyo. Imisebenzi yasentwasahlobo iyenziwa emdiliyeni ngaphambi kokuqala kwentambo ye-sap, ukulibaziseka kusongelwa ukukhululwa kwe-sap, okulibazisa ukuphilisa amanxeba. Ukuba ixesha elingaphambili lilahlekile, ngoko sitshintsha indawo yokucima izidiliya ngokusweleka kweentso, kwaye sisebenzisa amagatsha athile oomileyo ukususwa.
Ukuvuna amagilebhisi ehlobo
Umlimi-mlimi usebenza kwisayithi kwixesha elifudumeleyo, ngokuqala kokukhula okusebenzayo kufikelela ixesha lokutshiza kunye nemisebenzi eluhlaza. Xa ukhathalela iidiliya kwi- pruning ehlobo kunye nokunciphisa kuxhomekeke kwenyuka elitsha, abantwana abathandayo, ama-mustaches. Le ndlela iyanceda ukukhupha kunye nokunyusa amaqabunga, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wezilwanyana ezibangelwa izifo ezingathandekiyo kwaye ezingathintekiyo.
Iintlobo zetyala eziluhlaza:
- Isiqwenga somdiliya. Susa umdiliya ongaphezulu, ovela kwiintso ezisele emva. Okokuqala, iinqununu zenziwa xa inzuzo i-5 cm ubude, ngokuphindaphindiweyo - ngokubonakala kwe-inflorescences, xa kunokwenzeka ukuhlukanisa amahlumela angenasidingo.
- Ukuqhawula isicatshulwa. Kunconywa ukuba kuveliswe ngemini yeentyantyambo. Yenziwa ngokunciphisa ukukhula ngo-2-3 cm ngeminwe. Ukukhula kobuninzi obumnyama bumiswa, ukunyuka kwe-inflorescence kwehla.
- Pasynkovanie. Ukuprintwa kunye nokushiya kweeshiyibhile kukuxhomekeke ekukhuleni okongeziweyo kweso sibini.
- Ukuxosha. Ukusebenza okukhawuleza ukuvuthwa kwamagilebhisi kuqulethe ukunciphisa ukudubula ngo-30-40 cm. Ukukhawuleza kwexesha lokutshiza kwexesha elide kunye neentsuku ezihamba ngokukhawuleza kuyahluka kwaye kuxhomekeke kwingingqi yezulu. Ukukhawuleza okuqwalaselwe kakubi kulo msebenzi kuqinisa ukuzalwa kwabantwana abathandayo kunye nokuhluma kwezintso zebusika.