Ikhamera yevidiyo ekhethiweyo ngokufanelekileyo yokuqwalasela i-video iya kubonelela ngokubalulekayo kwipimimeter eklasini okanye kwisayithi ngeendleko zokuthenga eziphantsi. Ngoku ezininzi iintlobo zazo zicetywayo, ukuze kungabikho ukudideka kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo, kubalulekile ukufundela impawu zobugcisa beekhompyutha.
Iindidi zeekhamera zevidiyo zokujonga ividiyo
Okokuqala sifuna ukukhangela imfuno yento efuna ukuba ifowuni isetyenziswe, iiparameters zayo zobuchwepheshe. Ngokomzekelo, ngaphambi kokukhetha ikhamera yokujonga ngaphandle, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba indlu yelo fowuni kufuneka ifakwe uphawu, mhlawumbi ixhotywe ngomsebenzi ofudumeleyo. Ukuququzelela ukulandelela ngaphakathi kwegumbi, amacumbi eendawo ezingenayo i-hoods zokukhusela zivame ukufakwa. Ukongezelela, zonke iifowuni ze-video zihlukaniswe zibe yi-analogue, digital. Uhlobo oluphambili phakathi kwabo lusetshenziselwa ukutshintshwa kwesigxina sevidiyo.
Iikhamera zevidiyo zeDividas zevidiyo
Ikhamera yevidiyo ye-IP ehambileyo yevidiyo ye-video yokujonga i-matrix kwifom yefomatiweyo nge-Wi-Fi, i- 3G , i-4G okanye i-intanethi ithumela kwi-server yefayile, i-PC, i-DVR. Iikhamera zevidiyo zeDVD zivelisa umfanekiso njenge-HD (720p), i-HD epheleleyo (1080p), nangaphezulu-4K (ukuya kwi-12Mp). Kwividiyo, unokwazi ukujonga izinto eziqhelekileyo zomntu, kunye nobuso bakhe, iinkcukacha ezincinci ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba ugxininise kumgangatho wesithomo (ngakumbi xa kuthethwa ngokucacileyo), ngoko ke xa unquma ukuba yiyiphi ikhamera yokubhekisela ifanelekileyo, kufuneka umise kumzekelo we-digital IP. Iinjongo zobuchwepheshe be-IP:
- Isisombululo esiphezulu.
- Ubukho bedilesi ye-IP, ikhamera efunwayo inokumiselwa kwi-Intanethi.
- Ukukwazi ukugcina indawo kwi-server.
- Inkqubo yenkcenkcenkceshe idityanisa idatha, eyanciphisa umthwalo kwinethiwekhi.
Iikhamera zevidiyo ze-Analog zokujonga ividiyo
Iimpawu zekhamera ze-analog eziyaziwayo zisebenza kunye ne-PAL kunye ne-NTSC, zidibanisa ngqo kumboniso ngekhebula. Ukuba ufuna ukurekhoda okwenzekayo, kufuneka udibanise kwikhompyutha okanye kwinethiwekhi ye-DVR. Amacebo okuqala ayengakwazi ukunika umfanekiso ngokusombulula okuphezulu kwaye waphupha umgangatho womfanekiso ngokulandelana. Iminyaka emibini edlulileyo kwiimarike zemizekelo ye-analog kwakukho ukuphumelela - amaxabiso amasha avela:
- AHD;
- I-TV-HD;
- HD-CVI.
Ngoku, iikhamera ze-analog zivelisa umgangatho ohambelana ne-HD (720p) kunye ne-Full HD (1080p). Ngohlobo lwe-2017 3 ne-4 megapixel zithengiswa. Ngoko ikhamera yevidiyo ye-analog ye-surveillance yevidiyo iyakwazi ukuncintisana nama-IP. Inani leenzuzo zalo ezicacileyo:
- Izibonelelo azixhomekeke ekuhlaselweni kwesigqirha kunye neentsholongwane.
- Udlulisela umfanekiso ngexesha langempela ngaphandle kokulibala.
- Iindleko eziphantsi, ukufakwa lula.
- Ukuqhagamshelana kwezixhobo ezikhutshwe ngamaxabiso ahlukeneyo.
- Ikhamera yevidiyo yesitalato yesitrato yokuboniswa kwevidiyo ibonisa ngokucacileyo kungakhathaliseki ukukhanya.
- Kufanelekile ukubanika ukhetho xa ufuna ukudubula.
Ziziphi iikhamera zokujonga?
Ikhamera yevidiyo yesimanje yokubheka ividiyo iyingxenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokhuseleko. Le nqubo yenza iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemisebenzi, kuxhomekeka kwimimiselo yokusebenza, ixabiso layo lingahluka kakhulu. Ukwahlulelwa kweekhamera zevidiyo kwi-video yokubeka indawo kwindawo yokufakela:
- Sitrato - zenziwe ngaphandle kwesakhiwo.
- Ngaphakathi - akufanele ukuba isetyenziswe ngaphandle.
Ngendlela yokudluliselwa kwedatha:
- Isalathisi esinesibindi sithunyelwa ngefiber, isibini esonteleyo, intambo ye coaxial.
- Ukungenazintlu - ukufakwa kwenethiwekhi akudingeki, udinga amandla.
Ukuveliswa kombala:
- Umbala - ukudubula kuphela kwimodi yombala.
- Umnyama nomhlophe - angasetyenziselwa xa kungabikho kokukhanyisa okanye ubumnyama obupheleleyo kunye nokukhanya kwe-infrared.
- Usuku / Ubusuku - ebumnyameni, i-fader yevidiyo isuka kwimodi yembala ibe yumnyama nomhlophe.
Ukubonakala:
- I-cylindrical - eyenziwe ngendlela yesilinda.
- Ibhodi ekhompyutheni engabonanga ngaphandle kwimeko.
- I-Dome- shell inefom yelizwe.
- I-Fisheye - izixhobo zeepanoramic ezineembono eziphezulu.
Ikhamera yevidiyo yangaphakathi kwi-video yokujonga
Ikhamera yevidiyo yangaphakathi yangoku ekulungiselela ukuhlolwa kwevidiyo ukuze indlu isuselwe ngaphakathi kwisakhiwo, ihluke kumlinganiselo omncinane nobunzima. Ayikhuseli kwiimpembelelo zangaphandle kwaye kufuneka ihambelane nendawo ngaphakathi. Icandelo lelo fowuni alikho namabango okubamba, akukho zivakalo kuyo. Ukuqwalaselwa kwevidiyo yegumbi, ungasebenzisa iikhamera zevidyo zevidiyo kunye neentetho ezincinane okanye izinto ezifihlakeleyo ezine-Wi-Fi, imakrofoni, umtshini ohambayo.
Ikhamera yevidiyo yangaphandle ye-video yokujonga
Ukusebenza kweekhamera zevidiyo zangaphandle ze-surveillance video zihambelana nesidingo sokukhusela isixhobo kwiqondo eliphantsi lokushisa, imvula, ilanga, uthuli. Ngoko ke, zifakwa kwiindawo zokuvalwa, ngaphakathi apho kukho i-heaters. Iqondo lokukhuselwa kwezixhobo lichongwa ngokuchithwa. Ubungqina bothuli, i-IPXX, apho i-XX yinqanaba lokukhusela (lokuqala livela elukhuni, okwesibini luvela kumswakama). Umzekelo, ifowuni ye-IP65 yinkcaso, kodwa ifakwe phantsi kwesovalo kwisitalato, kwaye i-IP68 inokubhaptizwa nangaphantsi kwamanzi.
Ukusetyenziswa kwangaphandle kubandakanya ukukhuselwa kokuchasana, kunye nokusebenza ebusuku - ukukhanya kwe-infrared. Ama-Camcorders for surveillance video angasuswa kude kwisebe, ngoko kufuneka akwazi ukudlulisa idatha yekhwalithi kwimida emide. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kweetrato, i-dome okanye i-rotary model.
Iikhamera ze-video ezikufutshane
Ukuhlela ukubonwa kwevidiyo kungaba ikhamera efihliweyo. Ziyakhutshwa ukuze into ayiboni, ukuba isuse. Ikhamera ye-camcorder efihliweyo yokuboniswa kwevidiyo inokuguqulwa njengesifundo, umzekelo, isikhwama okanye incwadi. Kukho imodeli encinane, ubukhulu bayo abugqithisi ubungakanani bomdlalo oyintloko. Loo lensi ifakwe eludongeni, phezu komhlaba kukho kuphela i-lens. Ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe ikhamera yokujonga ifihli, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ukugcinwa kweminye imfihlo kungekho mthethweni.
Ikhamera yeVidiyo enekrofoni yokujonga ividiyo
Ngokuphuhliswa kweCCTV, inkqubo yaphuculiswa kunye nokufumaneka kwee-audio. Kwimarike kukho ezininzi iikhamera ezine-microphone ezakhelwe ngokucacileyo okucacileyo kunye novelwano, ezinokuthi zirekhode ngokucacileyo intetho yento. Ikhamera yevidiyo ye-surveillance video kunye nesandi inceda ukufumana ulwazi oluchanileyo malunga nemeko kwindawo ekhuselekile, ngexesha lokufumanisa ingozi. Ezinye iimodeli zixhotywe ngeziithethi ezithumela intetho ye-dispatcher kwinto.
Ikhamera yevidiyo engenazintlu zevidiyo
Iingenelo zihluke kwiinkcukacha zowuncingo ekungabikho kweendleko zeendlela zokuhamba ngeefowuni. Bathumela umqondiso usebenzisa i-3G, 4G, ubuchwepheshe be-Wi Fi, ngelixa umbane kwisixhobo ngokwawo uvela ngetambo. Kodwa i-radius yezenzo zabo iyancitshiswa kwaye iindleko ziphezulu kunezo ezifanayo. Iimodeli ezingenazintlu zihlukaniswe ngamaqela amaninzi:
- Iikhamera zeVidiyo ze-Wi-Fi zokulinda ividiyo, yi-IP imodeli esebenza ngendawo yokufikelela.
- I-WEB - imodeli, isethi: ikhamera - umthumeli - umkeli-umguquli-mboniso we-USB (kunye nesofthiwe ekhethekileyo).
- I-GSM - ithumela idatha phezu kweendlela zokunxibelelana kwamaselula (uluhlu lukhawulelwe kwingingqi yomqhubi).
I-camcorder yevidiyo ye-surveillance nge zoom
Ikhamera yevidiyo yesimanje yokubheka ividiyo kunye ne-zoom iyongezwa nge-LOO eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Kuyinto eguquguqukayo ukusetyenziswa ngaphandle kokugxila okujoliswe kuyo. Ngombulelo kwi-ZOOM-lens, ikhamera yevidiyo yokupasa ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle iyakwazi ukucwangcisa okanye ukuvala izinto. Ubungakanani bokulungiswa kwemida - ukusuka ku-6: 1 ukuya ku-50: 1. Amacompord ane-zoom ekwi-built-in e-tech-stuffing, axabisa kakhulu kuneempawu, zinomlinganiselo omkhulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla. Ukuthengwa kweemveliso ezinjalo kufuneka kulungiswe, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uwasebenzise kumagumbi okujikeleza.
Ama-Camcorders nge-sensor ye-motion for surveillance video
Umgaqo wekhamera ene-sensor ishukumiseli (ukusungulwa kwangaphambili) ukuhambisa into kwimiba yombono. Iyakwazi:
- qalisa ukurekhoda ulwazi;
- vula i-siren;
- thumela umqondiso kwi-esweni, ukhankanya into ehambayo kwifom.
Iimpawu zokutshintshwa kwemiqondiso zenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ngesandla. Ziyi-infrared, zihluke kwibala (ezingekho ngaphezu kwe-6 m), kwi-angle angle (i-70 °). Ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe ikhamera yokuhlola yangaphandle kwindlu ene-sensor sensor, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kunengqiqo ukuyifaka apho ukugeleza kwabantu kunzima kakhulu, ukuze ukurekhoda kuqale xa kuyimfuneko.
Iikhamera zeCCTV
Ukudubula kwindawo ephakamileyo kukulungele ukukhetha umququzelelo wokujonga ividiyo. Ixhotywe ngesindlela esitshintshela i-angle yokubukeka kwesixhobo. Ikhamera ikhamera ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ipaneli yokulawula ijika ilensi kwaye ilungisa oko kwenzekayo. Umsebenzi unceda ukunciphisa inani leedivayili zevidiyo kwisayithi, ngaphandle kokunciphisa indawo yokujonga. Uninzi lweekhamera zekhamera ziyakwazi ukulinganisa ividiyo ekudutshulwa. Amadivaysi anokucwangciswa ngokulandelelana kwe-lens, ebonisa i-angle yokujikeleza kunye nexesha.
Iikhamera zeCCTV zePanoramic
Iikhamera zepanoramic zanamhlanje zinika umbono opheleleyo we-360 °. Bancedisa ukubona yonke imifanekiso kwindawo ekhuselekile ngokupheleleyo kunye nendawo encinci "yeempawu eziyimfama". Xa sinquma ukuba yiyiphi ikhamera yokuqwalasela ifanelekileyo, kukufanelekile ukuba sicinge ukuba iimpawu zeepanoramic zinokuthi zithathe indawo ezinokuthi zenzeke ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye zisebenze. Ukuxhotyiswa ngeendlela ezihamba ngeenjini, izixhobo zilawula izinto kwiisetyhula. Inketho ekhethiweyo ngumzekelo wodome kunye neentlanzi zamehlo eentlanzi eziphakanyiswe kwisilonga okanye udonga. Kucebise ukuba uyisebenzise kwiindawo ezingenakunzima ngezahlulo.
Iimpawu zekhamera yevidiyo yokujonga ividiyo
Khetha ikhamera icetyiswa ukuba ingqalelo kwiimpawu zayo eziphambili:
- Imvume. Inquma umlinganiselo weenkcukacha zomfanekiso, into elula-ngakumbi, bhetele. Iikhamera ze-analog zilinganiswa kumabonwakude e-TVL (ukusuka kwi-380 (~ 0.3 Mp) ukuya ku-1000 (~ 2 Mp)), kwiikhamera ze-IP - kwiimigapixel (ubuncinci - 1 Mp, iikhamera eziphambili zevidiyo zokuboniswa kwevidiyo eziphezulu zibonise ukuya kwi-12 Mp, ihambelana nomgangatho o-4K).
- Ukuqonda. Unquma ubuncinane bezinga lokukhanyisa, elilinganiselwe kwi-lux. Ukusebenza ebusuku ngaphandle kokukhanyisa, le parameter ayifanele idlule i-0.1 lux. Inzuzo efanelekileyo kukubona kocingo lwe-infrared.
- Ukujonga i-angle nokugxila. Cacisa ukukhutshwa kwendawo yokulandelela kunye nohlobo lomfanekiso (panoramic, medium-approximate, portrait). Iikhamera ezinamaqondo angama-90 ° ziyakhupha ikamelo lonke ngokugcwele ngokupheleleyo, kodwa ngoko xa ubukela ividiyo unokungadibanisa iinkcukacha ezingaphantsi.
Kwakhona, xa uthengwa, qwa lasela ubume be-infrared function, ujikelezo, umgama wokudubula ebusuku, izixhobo zomzimba, isantya sokurekhoda kwevidiyo, ifomathi yefayile yevidiyo yedijithali, ubungakanani kunye nobukhulu befowuni. Esinye idivaysi sinakho imakrofoni eyakhelwe ngaphakathi (kunye nomda ohlukeneyo wobunene), ibha yememori (yemeko ehlukeneyo kunye nefomathi).