I-anemia ingenza njengesifo esizimeleyo, kwaye njengempawu ezihambelana nezifo ezininzi. Ukususela kwisiGrike, igama elithi "anemia" liguqulelwa njenge-anemia. Kukho inani leempawu eziqhelekileyo ze-anemia, umzekelo, ubuthathaka, utywala, ulusu olumhlophe, i-arrhythmia, i-dyspnea kunye nabanye.
Iintlobo ze-anemia kubantu abadala
Ukubunjwa kwegazi kuyinkimbinkimbi, kwaye iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zingenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo. Isiseko se-erythrocytes i-hemoglobin, "eyenza" igazi elibomvu kwaye lizalise i-oxygen, ebaluleke kakhulu kuyo yonke into.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-anemia kumntu omdala.
Ukunqongophala kwe-Iron anemia
Impawu ngokuncipha kwinani le-hemoglobin ngenxa yokungabikho kwintsimbi. Kukho iintlobo zentsimbi ye-anemia njenge-hypochromic kunye ne-microcytic. Isibonakaliso sombala wegazi sisezantsi, kunye nezipikili eziphula kunye nokuphuka, iinwele ziyawa.
Hemolytic anemia
Xa iiseli ze-erythrocytes zonakaliswa ngokukhawuleza kunokuba zikwazi ukuvelisa umongo wethambo.
Isifo se-anemia yesifo
Yibangelwa zizifo zofuzo. Iiseli ze-erythrocytes, ezinesimo sokujikeleza kwe-biconvex, kunye nelolu hlobo lwe-anemia lithatha uhlobo lwe-crescent, oluyinkimbinkimbi enkulu kwinkqubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kwigazi. Ngenxa yoko, iiseli zomzimba zithatha i-oxygen.
Inemia enobungozi
Xa kukho ukungabikho kwe-aclic acid kunye ne- vitamin B12 ngenxa yezifo zendlela yokugaya.
I-anemia ye-aplastiki
Xa izicubu zethambo zivelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ivela ngenxa yemiphumo eyahlukileyo, i-toxic and toxic substances, kunye nelifa elichaphazelayo.
Inemia ephazamisayo
Kwenzeka ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwegazi elinzima, umzekelo, kunye nokulimala rhoqo, ukunyuka kwesisu, isisu esiswini, isisu, umhlaza.
Iintlobo ze-anemia kubafazi
Abasetyhini banamathele ngakumbi kwi-anemia kunamadoda. Izizathu zibonakala - zininzi ukuya esikhathini, izifo zesisu, ukukhulelwa, ukuzala, ukuthobela ukutya, ukutya kwemifuno. Kubasetyhini, ngokuqhelekileyo kubonakala ihemolytic,
Ukunqunywa kohlobo lwe-anemia ngokuhlaziywa kwegazi
Ukufumana i-anemia, kufuneka unike ukuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele. Iimpawu eziphambili ze-anemia ziyimpazamo kwizo zikhombisi:
- i-hemoglobin egazini ayifinyelele kwi-100 g / l;
- i-erythrocyte ngaphantsi kwe-4 * 1012 / l;
- umxholo wesinyithi kwiiseli zegazi ungaphantsi kwe-14.3 μmol / l.
Ukuba kukho ukuphambuka okunjalo, kufuneka uvavanyo oluninzi lwegazi ukuchonga uhlobo oluthile lwe-anemia.