Ngegama elithi "Cerberus", amaGrike asendulo ayenesabisa, kwaye namhlanje athiwa ngumlindi onamathela kumthetho. Bambalwa, ngubani owaziyo ukuba eli gama ligqutywe ngumlindi emasangweni esihogo - unobumba obunenkohlakalo enenakungenakutyhulwa, kodwa inokudukiswa. Into ephambili kukuba ezi zidalwa zifumaneka kwihlabathi lethu!
ICerberus - ngubani lo?
Ngubani onguCerberus kwiintetho zamaGrike, ezaziwa ngabantu abaninzi, waba ngumnye wabalinganiswa abadumileyo bamaGrike, kubonga kuHercules, owawunqoba i-monster eyingozi. Ibali lemvelaphi yenja lixelele ihlabathi ngabavakalisi baseHellas. Iingcali zanamhlanje zichaza ngokuphindaphindiweyo kokuvela kwegama lomlindi womlindi:
- UCerberus wazalelwa kwiilonda uTayphon no-Echidna, inja malunga neentloko ezintathu ezineentlungu ezinobuthi. Ungavumeli abafileyo babuyele ezweni labaphilayo, abo bazama ukuphuma, badle. Ukudibanisa izithunzi ezintsha, beza ebukumkanini beHayidesi, ngokukhawuleza ugila umsila wakhe.
- Uhlobo lwesibini lwegama - iKerber, luhambelana negama leSanskrit enye yezinja zikaThixo u-Yama. "I-Kerberos" iguqulelwe ukusuka kwiYurophu enkulu, "njengamabala".
- Inxalenye yesithathu yegama nguGarm, inja yokulinda kwindlu yabafileyo kwiingcali zeScandinavians, iilwimi ziqinisekisa ukuba kwii-Indo-Yurophu zombini amagama angama-enegama aneengcambu ezifanayo zegama.
Ingaba kukho iCerberus?
Kuphando lweziganeko eziqhelekileyo, izazinzulu ziye zahlangana ngokuphindaphindiweyo nobungqina bokuba kukho inja ehamba phambili, eyavela phantsi komhlaba. Indawo:
- Ukucinywa kukaMtyholi, ehlathini kufuphi nePskov.
- Isiqongo ebhankini lomlambo waseVashsh eTajikistan.
- Iimvula eziseBrithani, kwezo ndawo zikhona iingcamango ezininzi malunga neenja, emilonyeni yazo ilamangatye.
Imithetho yeempampu zaseNgilani kwaye yanika ingcamango kaConan Doyle ngenja yeBaskervilles. Ngokubhekiselele kwiindawo zaseRashiya, abahlali bendawo bathi bobabini kwi-glade kunye nasesigodini kukho ukungena embusweni ongaphantsi komhlaba, ogcinwa yizinja eziqhekezayo. Iingcali zeNtsundu zeGlade zifake izixhobo ukulungisa ukubonakala kwe-monster. Kodwa xa inja emnyama yaseCerberus, eyayisemva kwamanzi, ivela ngaphantsi komhlaba, zonke iintsimbi zitshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza. Ilo lwanyana lihamba lijikeleze ukucoca, kwaye litsho ngokukhawuleza kwingca. Ngeli xesha, abantu babengenakukwazi ukuhamba ukusuka kwindawo ngenxa yenkqantosi engaqhelekanga.
Ingqungquthela iphambili ukuba ukunyakaza kwenja kufana nombane webhola, kuba banomnyama. Kwaye kubakho iindudumo ezantsi komhlaba, kukho umphumo we-piezoelectric, kubonakaliswe xa ukukhutshwa kombane kuvela kwiikristst eziphosakeleyo zomhlaba. Oku kuchaza ukuba kungani iCerberus yanamhlanje ibonakala phantsi komhlaba phantsi kweentshaba kunye neelangatye, ngamanye amaxesha kunye neempembelelo zokuqhuma ezincinci.
Yintoni eyenziwa nguCerberus ebomini bokwenene?
Kukho iinkcazo ezininzi zezinto ezenziwa nguCerberus. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo: malunga neentloko ezintathu kunye nomsila wenyoka. Kukho ezinye iinkcazo, apho:
- Umzimba wenja, ekuhleni-intloko yeenyoka, umsila we-skid enkulu.
- isiqu somntu, kwaye phezulu yintja ekhuni. Ngelinye icala unalo intloko yenkomo, ebulala ngomoya, kwelinye - intloko yebhokhwe etshabalalisa iso.
Kukho uninzi lweenguqulelo zingaphi iinjongo zeCerberus. Kwiimbali ezahlukileyo inani labo lihluka ukusuka kuma-50 ukuya ku-100. Kwiimveliso kunye nemifanekiso yezitya zeemifanekiso zabonisa ukuba uCerberus inja:
- Ubukhulu obukhulu, emsila - emlonyeni wenamba.
- Neentloko ezimbini kunye nomsila wenyoka.
- Ngentloko enye, inyoka - ephosa, intamo nesisu.
- Malunga neentloko ezintathu, phakathi kwayo ingonyama.
Cerberus - Mythology
Yintoni eyayilinda uCerberus? AmaGrike asendulo ayeqinisekile ukuba walinda umnyango weHayidesi, apho imiphefumlo yabafileyo yaphela. Ukubulala iilwanyana kwakunokwenzeka umntu oyedwa - umculi u-Orpheus, owayefuna ukuhoxisa e-Eworlddice umfazi wakhe. Kwezinye iimbali kuthiwa iCerberus ibetha bonke abatsha, ngoko ke amaGrike anika umntu oshonile ikhekhe lezinyosi, kangangokuthi kwakungekho ngaphezu kokulondoloza umlindi wesango. UDante wabhala ukuba esihogweni i-Cerberus enentloko ezintathu ihlushwa yimiphefumlo yesono.
Indalo yesendalo esihogayo ichaza ukuba wayenabazalwana noodadewabo:
- Orff, inja eneentloko ezimbini kunye nomsila. Wayegcina iinkomo zikaGerion, uHercules wambulala.
- Lernaean hydra. I-monster eneenyoka eziyi-100. Wabuye wabethwa ngunyana kaZeus.
- Chimera . Isidalwa esipheleleyo sineentloko ezintathu: ingonyama, ibhokhwe nenyoka. Wonakalisa iqhawe laseBellerophon.
ICerberus neHadesi
IHayidesi - umbusi wobukumkani babafileyo, igama elifanayo labizwa ngokuba ngumbuso. Unyana kaKronos noRhea babusa apho kunye nomkakhe nge-Persephone. UThixo wayevakalelwa kukuba i-hellish Cerberus yayiza kuba ngumlondolozi omhle. Iinwele zakhe ezintathu zaba ngumqondiso wexesha elidlulileyo, langoku nelixa elizayo, okufana neenja, lidibana kunye kwaye lithatha yonke into endleleni yayo. Umculi owaziwayo uHomer wathi umnyango, owugcina le ntja, usekude, ngaphesheya komlambo i-Okean. Kukho imimandla emnyama apho imiphefumlo yomfikazi ihamba.
ICerberus neHeracles
Enye yezinto ezigqithiseleyo kunyana kaZeyus indlela uHercules anqobile ngayo uCerberus. Ukukrazula inja ye-hellhound emhlabathini, kubantu, kwakukho uphawu lukaKumkani uEurystheus. IHayidesi evunyelwe ixesha elithile ukuba athathe umlindi, kodwa wabeka imeko yokuba iqhawe liyakunqoba umchasi ngezandla zakhe. Ngaphambi kokuya kummandla wabafileyo, unyana kaZeyus waqaliswa kwiMfihlakalo yaseEleusinian, wakwazi ukunqoba ilo lwanyana ngoncedo lukaHermes no- Athena . U-Hercules wathatha i-monster waya kukumkani, waya ku-Mycenae, kodwa wayethusa waza wabizwa ukuba abuyisele umlindi esihogweni.
Sphinx noCerberus
Iindlovu zasendulo ziye zagcina igama lomlindi omnye oyingqayizivele-uSphinx, isihlobo senkomo ye-hellhound. Ukuba umdaka weCerberus wawusemasangweni esihogo, uSphinx wayehlala emhlabeni. Kukho iinguqulelo ezimbini zokuzalwa kwakhe:
- Wazalelwa nguTserphon no-Echidna. Esi sidalwa ebusweni bomfazi kunye nomzimba wengonyama akazange avume kuThebes abo bangenakuyicombulula isigqithiso sakhe. Wabulala abantu abanobukrakra.
- Abazali i-Orf ne-Echidna. Wayehlala eNtabeni iPhikeon, wayebizwa ngokuba yi-Fix. Wayebhekwa njengomntu wemfihlakalo kunye nobulumko.
Igosa leCerberus
Inkolelo yenja ye-hellish isondelelene nomlando wezenzo zobuqhawe zikaHercules, ngenxa yeqhawe, abantu bafunda ngubani uCerberus esangweni leHayidesi. Xa unyana kaZeus wayekhokelela inja elangeni, umquba wakhe, wehla emhlabathini, waba ngumthi onetyhefu we-aconite, owabizwa ngokuba yi-hecatina. Abaphandi bahlala bephikisana, iHercules yafika phi inja kunye nenja yesihogo, ababhali bamazwe ahlukeneyo kunye nee-eras zibiza ezo ndawo:
- kufuphi netempile kaArtemis eTrebene;
- emqolombeni kaPoseidon eKapa;
- kufuphi Boeotia;
- kwi-Peninsula yaseAherusian.