Umqhubi wobugcisa, oquka imifanekiso esuka kwiinkcubeko ezidumiweyo nezithandwayo, ubizwa ngokuba yi-pop-art. Kubonakala phakathi kwekhulu lokugqibela. Umzekeliso wale nzekayo unokusebenza njengemihla ngemihla, ukuthengisa, zonke iintlobo zokupakisha kunye nelogos. Injongo yentsebenzo yobugcisa be-pop kukukugqithisa imida phakathi kobugcisa "obuphakamileyo" kunye nenkcubeko "ephantsi".
Imbali yobugcisa be pop
I-Pop-Art yavela eBrithani kuma-1950 kwaye ihamba ngokukhawuleza ngaphesheya kolwandle ukuya eUnited States. Umsunguli wobugcisa be-pop no-Andy Warhol wayengumfanekiso ophumelelayo wephephancwadi. Wafumana amanqaku amaninzi ngeendlela zakhe eziyingqayizivele kwaye engaqhelekanga waza waba ngumnye weengcali zoshishino eziphumelele kakhulu kwixesha. Ngomnyaka we-1961, wazisa ingcamango yobugcisa be-pop, oku kwakuyimifanekiso yokudweba ejoliswe kwimveliso yorhwebo. Zinezinto ezivela kwiibhotile zeCoca-Cola ezicoca ii-hamburgers. Kwakhona wabhala abadumileyo kwimimandla enomdla kakhulu kwaye ekhanyayo .
Ekuqaleni kwee-1970, ukunyusa kwexesha lanamhlanje kwagqitywa kwaye yajika yaba yindlela yobugcisa. Kwakumnandi kwaye kutsha, kwaye ubugcisa bokugqitha bombhalo baqalisa ukusebenzisa ukudweba, ukudweba kunye ne-collage. Imifanekiso kulolu suku ihlala inamandla kwaye iyaphila, ebonisa imvelaphi emangalisayo kunye nomtsalane. Impawu eziphambili zalolu hlobo:
- imifanekiso ebonakalayo eyenziwa kwiimidiya ezithandwayo kunye nemveliso;
- iimifanekiso ezikhanyayo okanye imidwebo;
- imifanekiso eqingqiweyo phantsi kweempembelelo zeefrikhi kunye neefoto zephephandaba;
- iifriji zeentlanga okanye abalinganiswa beengqungquthela kwiidiski, iintengiso kunye namaphephancwadi.
Pop Art 2018
Ubugcisa be-Pop baba yindlela ehamba phambili ekupapeni kwiminyaka ye-XX. Olu hlobo luneempembelelo enkulu kwimibono yabakhi befashini kunye nabaphakathi. Ngokuqhelekileyo basebenzisa zonke iintlobo zeempapasho zokuhlobisa iimpahla kunye neempahla, ukukhuthazwa kubaculi be-pop emhlabeni jikelele, baphinde baphinde balayishe iipowusta kunye namafilimu okunyulwa kwamabhaso athile. Phakathi kwala mapowusta ngo-2018, kukho imisebenzi yefilimu ethi "Ifom yamanzi" kunye ne "Lady Bird".
Imiboniso emininzi yabaculi kunye nabadwebi baceba ukuqhutywa ngo-2018:
- Ukuqokelelwa kweMyuziyam yaseMelika yaseNew York kuya kufakwa eParis kwiMyuziyam yaseMeyol.
- ELondon, igalari yeSizwe yeNgxowa-mali iya kubamba umboniso wemisebenzi ezinikezelwe kwiminyaka engama-60 yokuzalwa kukaMichael Jackson.
- KwiMyuziyamu yaseNew York, iWorkney iya kumkela umbukiso-uphinde uphendule umsebenzi kaAndy Warhol.
Ubugcisa bokupapa kwiingubo ngo-2018 ludlala indima enkulu. Izindlu zeeFestile ezininzi sele zinikezele iikopi zazo ezintsha kwaye phantse zonke ziprints (ngamanye amaxesha ezi ziyimifanekiso okanye imifanekiso) kwimpahla. Umbala weendwangu kusemgangathweni wesitayela: u-anyanisi, israyi, i-lemons, iinkukhu kunye nemibala eminingi ecacileyo. Ngokukodwa isitayela esinjalo sivela kwiDolce & Gabbana, i-Libertime, iVersace.
Isitayela se pop pop in impahla
Iimpawu zamehlo namhlanje zizona zibonakaliso ezilungileyo kakhulu ukuba u-pop ubugcisa kwiingubo zithandwa kakhulu. Ehlabathini lokusetyenziswa kwamanzi, le ndlela isakhula ngokumalunga namaxabiso enkcubeko ekhokelela ekuveleni kwayo. Kukho nabakholelwa ukuba loo festile kufuneka ivakaliswe yinkqubo ngokwayo. Ingaphezulu kweyeshumi leminyaka sele idlulile ukususela kwisambatho sokuqala seCampbell, kodwa ubugcisa be-pop bunamandla ngakumbi kunanini ngaphambili kwihlabathi lefashini. Abaqulunqi banamhlanje baqhubeka bebuyela kulobu buchule.
Ugqoke ngesitayela sobugcisa be pop
UAndy Warhol wayengumculi wokuqala ukuguqula ubugcisa bakhe ibe yintonga yefashoni. Kwiminyaka engamashumi ama-60, waqala ukushicilela iiprojekthi zakhe zobugcisa kwiingubo zekotoni, okwangoku ngelo xesha yayingumhle. Ingubo ehlonishwa kakhulu yezobugcisa bokupapa i-Dress Souper, apho iibhanki zeCampbell isobho. Abaqulunqi kunye nabaculi abavela kwimibuthano efanayo, bephelelana kunye nokuba yingxenye yenkcubeko eqhelekileyo. UYves Saint Laurent wayengumqambi wokuqala owafaka isicelo kwisakhiwo sokugqoka imisebenzi yobugcisa. Ngo-2018, iqoqo eqaqambileyo eneengubo ezifana neDolce & Gabbana.
I-t-shirt pop art
Iminyaka engaphezu kwe-50 yobugcisa be-pop usetyenziswa umsebenzi weengcali ezidumileyo. UGianni Versace wasebenzisa umfanekiso we-Marilyn Monroe, uChristian Dior wakhulula iqoqo eliphefumlelwe ngu-Andy Warhol. Oku akukwenzekanga ngokubonakalayo kwimiboniso ephezulu . Ubomi bemihla ngemihla, unako ukunyamezela umntu odlulayo kwiTekhthi ngokudweba kwisitayela sobugcisa be pop. Kunzima ukufumana umntu ongenazo iimpahla kwisambatho sakhe. Kwiimifanekiso ezibonisa iinkwenkwezi ze-cinema kunye nomculo, kunokuthi kube uhlobo oluthile lokuthengiswa kwezinto zansuku zonke, imifuno, iziqhamo okanye izilwanyana.
Iingubo zokupasa ubugcisa
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iingubo kwisitayela sobugcisa be-pop sele sinobugcisa. Ziye zahlukekwa ngumnxeba onqabileyo we-laconic (ngokuqhelekileyo ogqithiseleyo). Yonke ingqalelo kwinto enjalo kufuneka ifakwe kumbala. Ezi zibonakaliso, i-silhouettes yabantu okanye naziphi na iimpapasho ezicacileyo. Ibhinqa elizivumela loo ngubo kufuneka liqonde ukuba kwengubo yakhe kuphela into ekhwazayo evunyelwe. Isikhwama, izicathulo, isikhankqalazo kunye nezinye izesebenzi kufuneka zibe yinto elula, kunye nombala wemibala nomnye wembala kweso sambatho, kuyinqweneleka ukuba izicathulo kunye nebhegi zemibala eyahlukileyo.
Uphrinta ubugcisa be pop
Xa ubugcisa be-pop bubonakala kwiminyaka engama-60, ngokukhawuleza kwafumana ukuthandwa okukhulu. Abaculi u-Andy Warhol, uJasper Jones, uRoy Lichtenstein ngokukhawuleza baba ngabadumileyo. Imfuno yomsebenzi wabo yayiphezulu. Esinye sezizathu ababephendulela kumaphephandaba kwakukuzalisekisa le mfuno. Baxhasa iindlela zorhwebo, ezifana nokushicilelwa kwesikrini kunye negraphica. Imveliso enjalo yayifumaneka ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa nemisebenzi ekhethekileyo yobugcisa.
Ngoku kukho yonke idolophu kukho iworkshop apho unokubeka khona ubugcisa bokupapa kwiingubo okanye kwi-accessory. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zobungcali be pop:
- IWarhol . UAndy Warhol ngokwakhe wayeyinkwenkwezi enkulu kunazo zonke. Kulo lonke ubomi bakhe, wajika umhlaba wezobugcisa zanamhlanje uphahla phantsi usebenzisa iimbono zemveliso emininzi kwimisebenzi yakhe.
- Liechtenstein . Isitala sakhe sihlazo kunye neentengiso. Wayejonga iingcamango kungekhona nje kwimifanekiso yaseMerika, kodwa isitayela sezobugcisa.
- Pet Glo Portrait . Umzobo wesilwanyana esenziwa ngokubethelwa kunye nemigca enemibala ekhanyayo.
Izikhwama ngendlela yobugcisa be pop
Kwimpilo yabasetyhini banamhlanje, isitayela sobugcisa be-pop sele siqinile. Isikhwama sisisiseko esisiseko, into enokubanjwa yintombi ezandleni zakhe, into enamehlo akhe ayeke. Mhle kwaye ujabule unako ukuphakamisa isimo sengqondo ezulwini, wenze umfanekiso uphawule kwaye ube nesibindi. Iimodeli ezineempapasho zeminyaka emininzi ayiphumeli kwimovie. Ziyakushintsha, kodwa ziyakwenziwa ngonyaka kwiimpawu zokuyila.
Ngokomzekelo, uLouis Vuitton nangaphambi kokuba ahlangane nomculi uJeff Koons ukudala iingxowa ngokuxelisa imifanekiso yodumo, abhaliweyo bokuqala kwimveliso yakhe. Lo bugcisa bobugcisa boqobo. IDolce neGabbana iminyaka emininzi baye bavelisa indawo yokufikelela kunye nemifanekiso yokuzaliswa kwezithombe ezidumiweyo kunye nazo zineentsimbi. Phantse indlu enye yefestile ayifanga ngaphandle kwesikhwama esinjalo. Le yimi sebenzi yangempela yobugcisa, bayigwecwe ngesandla. Kwimarike enkulu, nabani na onokuthenga ikopi.
I-pop art yokwenza
Ubomi bemihla ngemihla, ukwakheka kwindlela yokwenza ubugcisa be-pop akufanelekanga. It isetyenziswe kumaqela abo, ngeHalloween, kwii-masquerades okanye iifotshane zezithombe. Kunzima ukwenza oko ngokwakho. Ukuze wenze oku, qesha abafundisi abakhethekileyo abavame ukudala imifanekiso efana neyabalinganiswa beencwadi zobomi. Kule nto, iitoni ezikhanyayo, imigca ecacileyo ecacileyo kunye neefencils zisetyenzisiweyo.
IiPop Art Art
Ingqwalasela ngokukodwa ihlawulwa emlonyeni. Inkcazo yabo iboniswe ngumgca omnyama ocacileyo, owenza umxholo we-anime. Ngamanye amaxesha emlonyeni, kwakhona, wongeza imigca emnyama, oku kwenza ukuba kube lula. Umbala uqaqambile okanye u-fluorescent. Ngokuxhomekeka kumfanekiso , emlonyeni ungakha imifanekiso epheleleyo kwaye isebenzise izakhiwo ezingaqhelekanga. Unokumela isahlulo se-watermelon okanye ilitye eliqhekekileyo.
I-Manicure Pop Art
Umntu onjalo, onjenge-pop yobugcisa kwiisoni, uye wangena ngokuqinisekileyo ebomini bethu. Kuyonwabile kwaye kuyonwabile. Ehlotyeni, amaninzi amantombazana ayenomdla ayasebenza kwiisilumko ngoncedo lwe-stencil zonke iintlobo zeziqhamo kunye neentyantyambo. Ngaphambi koNyaka omtsha - ingaba imithi yeKrisimesi okanye imithi yeKrismesi. Ukwenza loo manicure akuyimfuneko ngezinye izihlandlo, kwenzeka kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla. Ukuze ungabonakali unqamle, umzekelo usetyenziswa kwisilumko esinye, umzekelo, ngomunwe ongenagama.
I-Pop Art Tattoo
Kubugcisa bokubhala tattoo ubugcisa be-pop busetyenziswa kakhulu. Udumo olukhulu lwaqala ukusebenzisa iiklagi kwizinto zobugcisa bokupapa. Naluphi na umqondiso ungaguqulwa ube ngumzimba womzimba. Iifilimu zenkolo kunye neencwadi zoonwabo ziba izinto zokudweba. Imifanekiso yevintage idityaniswa ngokuthe tye kunye neengcamango ezintsha. Abanye banomlutha kakhulu kumathambo abawugubungela ngokupheleleyo umzimba.