Utshutshiso lwabantu abasityhulwayo ekusebenzeni ubuqhetseba, lwaqala eRoma lasendulo. Kuye kwakhiwa uxwebhu olukhethekileyo olwenza isigwebo sezenzo ezinjalo. Wayebizwa ngokuba ngu "Umthetho weeTables ezilishumi elinesibini," ngokubhekiselele kuye, ulwaphulo-mthetho luyahlwayelwa, ngokuyinxalenye, ngesigwebo sokufa.
Izizathu zokuHluma
Intuthuko enkulu kunazo zonke yinkxalabo yabantu abaphalazayo kwi-Middle Ages. Ngelo xesha eYurophu, kwakukho ukubulawa kwabantu abaninzi abasolwa ngalelo mthetho. Abadumi beembali bafunda le ngxaki bathi iingxaki zolu daba ziyinkxalabo yezoqoqosho kunye nendlala. Ngokweenkcukacha ezikhoyo, ukuzingela ubuqili kwakuyindlela ekhethekileyo yokunciphisa inani labantu baseYurophu.
Iirekhodi ezikhoyo zala maxesha ziqinisekisa ukuba kumazwe amaninzi kukho ukukhula kwabantu. Ngelo xesha, utshintsho lweemeko zemozulu lwaqala, ekugqibeleni lwakhokelela ekunqongopheni kwemveliso yezolimo kunye nokunciphisa ukunyuka kwezilwanyana. Ukulamba nobuncwane babangela ukugqabhuka kwesibetho. Ukuncitshiswa kwenani labantu abancediswa ukubulawa kwamatye amaninzi kulungiswe ingxaki.
Yintoni ukuzingela inkohlakalo?
NgeMinyaka Ephakathi, eli gama laliqondwa njengokukhangela kunye nokuphunyezwa kwabantu bentela. Ukuzingela umlingo akukho nto kodwa ukutshabalaliswa komntu ochasayo okhankanywa ukuba unxibelelana nemimoya emibi. Ngokweengxelo zembali, ubungqina obangamangalelwa babedlala ngokukhawuleza ukuze banike isigwebo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ingxabano kuphela yoluvo lwalo mtyholwa, olwenziwe phantsi kokuhlanjululwa.
Ehlabathini lanamhlanje, igama lokuzingela inkohlakalo lisetyenziswe ngokungafaniyo. Isetyenziselwa ukugxeka intshutshiso yamacandelo eentlalo ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kokungqina kwecala labo, ezingavumelani neenkqubo ezikhoyo kunye nabachasayo. Le ngcamango ingafumaneka rhoqo kwingxoxo yeemeko zezopolitiko, xa elinye ilizwe lizama, ngaphandle kokuba neengxabano zokubonisa uxanduva malunga naluphi na umqathango kwelinye ilizwe.
Ukugqithisa uMlingo kwi-Middle Ages
Amazwe aseYurophu ngeli xesha libhubhisa abantu. Ekuqaleni, ubugqirha bazingela kwiMinyaka ephakathi baqhutywa ngabakhonzi becawa, kodwa kamva, i-Inquisition Engcwele yavumela ukuba kuqwalaselwe iziganeko zobuthakathi beenkundla zobuthakathi. Oku kwakhokelela ekubeni abantu beedolophana kunye nezixeko baba phantsi kolawulo lwengingqi. Ngokweenkcukacha zembali, ukutshutshiswa kwabathakathi kwi-Middle Ages kwenzelwe ukuziphindezela kubantu abangathandekiyo. Abalawuli basekuhlaleni bangafumana iziqhamo zabo zomhlaba ezizithandayo kunye nezinye izinto eziphathekayo ngokusebenzisa nje umnikazi wabo ofanelekileyo.
Ukuzingela abathakathi eRashiya
Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba inkqubo ye-Inquisition ayizange ifumane ukuphuhliswa okunjalo eRashiya yasendulo, njengaseYurophu. Lo mcimbi udibaniswe neziganeko zobukholo boluntu, xa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kungenakunyaniseki kwenyama, kodwa kwiingcamango nokuchazwa kwemozulu kunye neemeko zemozulu. Nangona kunjalo, eRussia kwakukho ukuzingela abazingeli, oko kuthetha ukuthi:
- Izilingo ezifana nezi. Babeqhutywa ngabadala bezindlu okanye iinkokheli.
- Ngetyala lokungqina, isijeziso sisisigwebo sokufa. Yenziwa ngokutsha okanye ukungcwaba kuphila.
Abagqwiri baphathwa njani?
Ikhomishini yale nxaxhiso yahlawulwa ngokufa. Ukubulawa kweedemon ngexesha le-Inquisition laqhutyelwa esidlangalaleni. Iingcamango nazo zahlanganisana nabantu abaninzi. Kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, ummangalelwa wahlushwa ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi kokutshisa okanye ukuxhoma. Ukusetyenziswa kwesibini sobugqirha besetyenzisiwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunokokuqala, inani labamfundisi lalikholelwa ukuba ngumlilo kuphela weNkundla yokuCandwa kweNkundla yayingakwazi ukunqoba amandla angcolileyo . Ukuqhaqhaqhayisa kunye nokucwina, kwakhona, kwakusetyenziswe, kodwa kuncinci.
Namhlanje, ukutshutshiswa kwezobugebengu malunga neentlawulo zobuqambi, okanye ukuzingela abaphangi, kuxhaswa ngamaqela amaninzi. E-Saudi Arabia, olu lwaphulo-mthetho luyahlwayelwa ngokufa. Ngo-2011, kwiintlawulo zokwenza imilingo, kwakukho ikhankanywe umfazi apho. ETajikistan, ngenxa yezobugebengu ezifanayo, ukufakwa entolongweni iminyaka engama-7 kunikwa.