Esikhundleni saloo nto yayisakuba yinkunzi yaseYiputa yaseYiputa, iThebes, isixeko saseLuxor sisekho, esicatshulwa njengonawona mkhulu umboniso ovulekileyo. Ekubeni apha zizona ndawo zibaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo zezinto zakudala zaseYiputa, ngokokudala ukucinga malunga noko kukubona eLuxor akuyimfuneko. I-Luxor inokwakheka ngokwahlukileyo ibe ngamaqendu amabini: "Isixeko sabafileyo" kunye nesiXeko soBomi.
"Isixeko sabantu abaphilayo" yindawo yokuhlala yokuhlala kwi-Nxweme efanelekileyo yeNayile, ezona zikhokelo eziphambili zazo iindawo zaseTouselor naseKarnak, ezazixhomekeke ngaphambili kwi-Alley ye-Sphinxes.
Ithempeli laseLuxor
Ithempeli eLuxor linikezelwa ku-Amon-Ra, umkakhe uNun kunye nendodana yabo Khonsu - oothixo abathathu. Esi sakhiwo sakhiwe ngekhulu le-13-11 le-BC. ngexesha lolawulo luka-Amenhotep III noRamses III. Indlela eya ethempelini iyahamba kunye ne-Sphinxes. Ngaphambi komnyango ongasenyakatho wetempile eLuxor yi-obelisk kunye neesithombe zeRamses, kunye neepylons ezimbini (70 m ubude kunye ne-20 m high), enye yazo ibonisa imifanekiso yokulwa kweRamses. Oku kulandelayo: igceke leRamses II, i-colonnade yemigangatho emibini yamakholomu, empuma ye-mosque ye-Abu-l-Haggah. Emva kwe-colonnade ivula intendelezo elandelayo, eyona yokwakhiwa kwe-Amenhotep. Iikholamu ezingama-32 kumzantsi we-hypostyle hall zikhokelela kwingcwele yangaphakathi, apho ungena khona ethempelini lika-Amon-Ra, eyakhiwa nguAlexander. Ngobusuku ubunzima bukhanyiswa ngezibane.
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Ithempeli laseKarnak eLuxor
Ithempeli laseKarnak yindawo engcwele kakhulu yeYiputa yaseYiputa. Kwaye ngoku ke enye yezona zakhiwo ezinkulu zezakhiwo zehlabathi la mandulo, kuquka izakhiwo ezakhiwe ngamaharahara ahlukeneyo. Wonke uFaro washiya uphawu lwakhe kule tempile. Kwiholo elikhulu kunazo zonke ezili-134 eziqhotyoshelwe iikholomu zagcinwa. Amagceke amaninzi, iholo, i-colosi kunye nelibi elikhulu elingcwele - ubungakanani kunye nobunzima bezakhiwo zetempile yaseKarnak bayamangalisa.
Izakhiwo zetempile zineengxenye ezintathu, zijikelezwe ngeendonga: ngasenyakatho - itempile yaseMentou (iindawo ezinxuwa), phakathi-itempile enkulu yase-Amun, eningizimu-itempile kaMut.
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Isakhiwo esikhulu kunazo zonke i-Amon-Ra ithempile eneendawo ezingama-hekta ezingama-30 kunye nee-pyloni ezili-10, ezona zikhulu kunama-113m x 15m x 45m. Ukongeza kwiipyloni, kukho iholo enkulu yekholomu.
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"KwiSixeko sabafileyo" kwicala lasekhohlo leNayile, kukho iindawo ezinokuhlala kunye neTban Valley, kunye neNtlambo yeeKumkani, iThafeni lamaTars, uRamesseum, u-Queen Queen Hatshepsut, iColossi yaseMemnon kunye nokunye okuninzi.
Ntlambo yo o kumkani
KuLuxor kwiNtlambo yooKumkani kwafunyanwa amatye angama-60, kodwa kuphela inxalenye encinci ivulelekile kubakhenkethi. Umzekelo, amangcwaba eTutankhamun, uRamses III okanye Amenhotep II. Kwii-corridors ezide ezikhuniweyo, umhambi ungene kwi-archerary arch, ekungeneni kwamaphimbo avela kwiNcwadi yabafileyo. Amathuba anemihlobiso eyahlukileyo, eneempawu ezinobunono kunye neentsika zemibala, zonke zidibene nenye-ubuncwane ababenokuba nazo emva kokufa. Ngelishwa, ngenxa yolu buncwane obungabonakaliyo, amaninzi amangcwaba aphangiwe ngaphambi kokuba afunyanwe. Ininzi edumileyo efunyanwa ngekhulu lama-20 ukusuka kumangcwaba e-pharaohs ingcwaba likaTutankhamun, elifunyenwe ngu-Archaeologist wesiNgesi uHoward Carter ngo-1922.| | |
Valley of the Tsaritsa
Abafazi beeharahara kunye nabantwana babo bangcwatywa kwiNtlambo yamaTsharits, ngasentshona-ntshona yeNtlambo yooKumkani. Apha, kukho amathuna angama-79, isiqingatha sawo asikachongwa. Imizobo engamangalisa yodonga ebonisa imibala, ootharahara kunye namakhosikazi, kunye nezicwangciso kunye nemibhalo ebhalwe kwiNcwadi yabafileyo. Incwaba eyaziwayo kakhulu ingcwaba lomfazi wokuqala owamkelekileyo kaFaro Ramses II - uNdlovukazi uNefertari, ekubuyiselwe kwakhe ukubuyiswa.
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Kolosi waseMemnon
Lezi ziqulatho ezimbini eziphezulu ezili-18, ezibonisa i-Amenhotep III (malunga nekhulu le-14 le-BC), ezandleni zazo ziguqa kwaye ubuso bujonge ukukhanya kwelanga. Ezi ziqhotyoshelweyo zenziwe ngeebhloko ze-sandstone ze-quartz kwaye zimele zilinde kwiTempile yeSikhumbuzo sase-Amenhotep, apho kungekho nto yashiya.
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Ithempeli likaKumkanikazi uHatshepsut
U-Queen Hatshepsut nguye kuphela uFaro wesibini kwimbali elawula iYiputa iminyaka engama-20. Ithempeli liqukethe imimandla emithathu evulekile, ephakama emva komnye kwintlambo, ehlotshiswe nge-bas-reliefs, imidwebo kunye nekiso, ukuzisa ubomi bokumkanikazi. Ingcwele yodadekazi uHathor ihlotshiswe ngamakholomu eneentloko eziyinhloko yentlokokazikazikazi. Ngenye yeendonga zayo kukho i-fresco yamandulo kumxholo womkhosi.
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Ukutyelela uLuxor wamandulo uya kufuna ipasipoti kunye ne- visa ukuya eYiputa .