U-Alalia kukuphulwa kwentetho (okanye ukungafi ngokupheleleyo) kubantwana. Ngelo xesha, akukho ziphazamiso zomsebenzi zentengiso yoncedo. Ukuphazamiseka kwentetho kubangelwa ukuphuhliswa kakubi okanye ukuphazanyiswa kweengingqi ezijongene nokuthetha, imbangela yokubhujiswa kwezi ndawo ngexesha lokuphuhlisa i-intrauterine okanye kwiminyaka yokuqala yobomi bomntwana.
I-Motor alalia kubantwana kuthiwa ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni kwentetho ecacileyo, ebangelwa ukuphuhliswa kwengqondo okanye ukuphazanyiswa kwe-analyzer ye-intetho (njengomgaqo, umonakalo ekuqhubeni iindlela zokusetyenziswa kweemoto kunye nokuphela kwayo). Ngaphandle, ukuphulwa komsebenzi wokuhlalutya kwesi siza kubonakaliswa ngokutshintsha izakhiwo eziqinileyo kunye neziqilileyo zokuqulunqa igrammatic ngeendlela ezilula kunye neengcali.
Imoto alalia kubantwana inempawu ezilandelayo: umntwana unzima ukwenza iziphakamiso, ukuqonda igrama yolwimi, unegama elincinci elisebenzayo, kodwa uqonda intetho yabanye abantu.
Unyango kunye nokugxekwa
Uviwo lwabantwana abane-alalia lwenziwa kwinkimbinkimbi, kunye nokusebenzisana kwe-neurologist, udokotela wezilwanyana kunye nodokotela wengqondo. Kule meko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumanisa umlinganiselo wengozi yengqondo, kuba kuxhomekeke kule nto, ubunzima besifo sifana. Kwiimeko ezinzima ze-alalia kubantwana, unyango luphelelweyo kwiiseshoni kunye nomlomo wengcali kunye nekhaya, ngokukhawuleza kukuvumela ukuba ufundise umntwana wakho amagama amasha kunye negrama. Xa kukho umonakalo omkhulu kumaziko okuthetha, unyango lunokungaphumeleli, ukuvumela kuphela ukuphuhliswa kancinci kolwimi olusisigxina lomntwana kunye nentetho epheleleyo ihlala kwinqanaba eliphambili: ubuncinane kunye negrammatically incorrect.
Ukufezekisa ngempumelelo, kwonyango lwe-alalia kubantwana, unyango oluyinkimbinkimbi lisetyenzisiweyo, oluquka izinto ezintathu:
- Iiseshoni zonyango zokuthetha (zombini kunye neengcali kunye nomsebenzi wesikolo). Inkqubo yokunyangwa kolwaphulo lweentetho ezahlukeneyo ze-alalia inceda ukwandisa isigama kunye nokwenza intetho yomntwana ichane ngakumbi. Olu hlobo lonyango lusebenza kuphela kwimeko yezifundo ezichanekileyo.
- I-Logopedic massage. Isekelwe kwimpembelelo kwimisipha yentetho ukuze kulungelelaniswe ithoni yemisipha yokuxubusha kunye nokuququzelela ukuvakalisa izandi. Ukuxilisa okunjalo kuqhutyelwa ngamaphulo akhethekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, enye inkqubo yokonyango iqukethe iiseshoni eziyi-8-10.
- Microcurrent reflexotherapy. Injongo yolu hlobo lonyango kukusebenzisa ii-cortex kwiindawo ezinomdla wokufuna ukuthetha, isigama kunye nesichazizwi, isakhono sokwakha izivakalisi, njl njl. Ikhosi iqukethe iiseshoni ezili-15. Inani lezifundo kunye neenkqubo zonyango zinabantu ngabanye, kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni komntwana ngamnye.
- Unyango. Nangona ukuba ubungqina bokwenzululwazi obunelisayo bempembelelo kunye nama-BAD angaphezulu, abagqirha bahlala banika i-nootropics kunye namavithamini. Amayeza athandwayo kakhulu amalungiselelo enani: i-spitum, i-cortexin, i-gamma-lon, i-ceraxon, iindidi zeivithamini zeqela B, njl.
Kubaluleke kakhulu kunyango lwe-alalia yimi sebenzi yasemakhaya kunye nomntwana (ngokukodwa, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo).
Impawu zobuntu bomntwana nge-alalia
Iimpawu zabantwana abane-alalia:
- ukunciphisa ukusebenza, ukukhathala ngokukhawuleza;
- ubunzima bokugxila, ukugcina ingqwalasela;
- ukukhawuleza kwangoko ukuphuhliswa kwengqondo, ekuthi, ngokomthetho, idlula ngokuphuhliswa kwentetho;
- ngokubhekiselele kumonakalo kwingingqi yengqondo, ukuphazamiseka okungafaniyo kweengcinga kudlalwa ngokubonakalayo: ukubonwa, ukuphicotha, ukucoca, njl, okokuthi, umntwana unako, umzekelo, ukungahlukanisi izandi ezifanayo okanye imibala, iifomu ezidibanisa, njl.
- nangona abanye bevalele ekuphuhliseni, abantwana-abavakalisi abavaliwe, banomdla wokudlala, ukufunda, ukufunda izinto ezintsha,
ukunxibelelana, ukutshintsha inkulumo ngokubonakalisa ubuso obusobala, imiqondiso eyahlukeneyo, njl.; - ingqondo engqondweni: ukuguquka rhoqo kwemizwelo (akusoloko ilungele imeko), ubugqwetha obugqithiseleyo, ukunyaniseka nokunyaniseka, ukungakwazi ukugxeka.
Kunokwenzeka ukufunda iziganeko ze-psyche yabantwana kunye ne-alalia, ukugcina ukuziphatha kwabo, ngokukodwa, kumdlalo (ozimeleyo okanye nabanye abantwana). Ukuphakama kobunzima bomonakalo wengqondo, ukunyanzeliswa ngakumbi, ukuxhatshazwa, ukwahlukana, ukungathandi ukuqhagamshelana okanye ukuqhubeka nokwenza xa kwenzeka ubunzima.