Namhlanje, urhulumente weRussia Federation uye waqulunqa enye ibhilikhwe eya kubeka imithetho emitsha yokuthutha abantwana emotweni nasebhasini. Utshintsho oluchazwe kulo mthetho luya kusebenza ngoJanuwari 1, 2017. Kuze kube ngoko, imigaqo ekhoyo iya kusetyenziselwa, eyona yinto eqine ngakumbi kunezona zisanda kuphuhliswa. EUkraine, olo tshintsho alulindelekanga kwikamva elizayo; kunyaka ozayo, imithetho emidala iya kuqhubeka isebenza.
Imithetho emitsha yokuthutha abantwana emotweni
Ngokwemiqathango ekhoyo, ukuthwala umntwana ongekho iminyaka eli-12 ubudala uvumelekile kokubili kwisihlalo sangasemva nangasesihlalweni semoto. Lo mgaqo ukususela ngomhla we-1 kuJanuwari 2017 awuyi kutshintsha ngokubhekiselele kubantwana beminyaka ehambelana nayo-imithetho emitsha iphinde ivumele ukuthutha umgibeli omncinci naphi na ngaphandle kwesihlalo somqhubi.
Okwangoku, xa ubeka umntwana oneminyaka engaphantsi kwe-12 ubudala esihlalweni esiphambi, umqhubi kufuneka asebenzise ukukhutshwa komntwana okufanelekileyo kuye ngobudala, ubunzima kunye nezinye iimitha. Imithetho yokuthuthwa kwabantwana kwisitulo sangasemva ku-1 kuJanuwari 2017 iya kuxhomekeka kwiminyaka yabo.
Ngoko ke, ukuba abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-7 ubudala abanako ukuthuthwa ngaphandle kwesihlalo somntwana, ngoko kubafundi besikolo abaneminyaka engama-7 ukuya kwimi-12 ubudala, eminye imithetho isetyenziswe-ngoku umntwana wale nqanaba leminyaka unokuthuthwa kwisihlalo sokugqibela semoto usebenzisa izibhande zokuhlala eziqhelekileyo, kunye nezixhobo zokulungisa ezizodwa ezibekwa kuzo.
Imithetho emitsha yokuthutha abagibeli ngebhasi
Imithetho emitsha yokuthuthwa kwabantwana kwiibhasi ayifani kakhulu kwizinto ezikhoyo ngoku, kodwa zibeka ezinye, ezithandekayo, iintlawulo zomqhubi kunye nomntu osemthethweni okanye osemthethweni obandakanyekayo ekuthuthweni, xa kwenzeka ukuphulwa.
Ngokukodwa, ngexesha lokuthuthwa kwabantwana, le miqathango kufuneka ibonelelwe:
- bonke abantwana mababekwe kwiindawo ezizodwa zokuhlala;
- Isithuthi kufuneka sibe neempawu zokubonakalisa "ukuhamba kwabantwana";
- Isikhundla sabo bonke abantwana abangaphantsi kwe-12 kufuneka sizinze kunye neengqayi;
- ibhasi kufuneka ibe nexesha lokuvelisa elingaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-10, kwaye ixhotywe nge-tachograph okanye i-satellite ye-GLONASS;
- umqhubi kufuneka abe namava eminyaka omnye. Ngelo xesha, akufanele kubekho ukuphulwa okukhulu;
- Isithuthi kufuneka sibandakanye uludwe lwabantwana abathuthayo kunye nabantu abahamba kunye, inkqubo yendlela, kunye nekhontraki yomnqophiso.
Ukongezelela, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwa kwimithetho emitsha ekuthuthweni kwabantwana kwiibhasi ebusuku, oko kukuthi, ukusuka kwiiyure ezingama-23 ukuya kwi-06. Ukususela ngoJanuwari 1, 2017, kuvunyelwe kuphela kwiimeko ezimbini - ukuthutha iqela labantwana kwisikhululo sesitimela, ukuya okanye kwisikhumulo sezindiza, kunye nokugqitywa kohambo oluqalwe ngaphambili, kude kumgama ongaphezu kwama-50 km. Ukuba lo mthetho uphulwa, bonke abantu abajongene nentlangano yokuthutha babhekene nezigwebo ezinzulu, kwaye nokuba umqhubi angasuswa ngamalungelo akhe.