INorway yenye yezona zizwe zihle kakhulu kwaye ziyimfihlelo yaseScandinavia. Isimangalisa imeko, esiseNtlaphu Yurophu, nangona iphela, ihlala yindawo evelele yokutyelela. Kunyaka ngamnye abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-2 abahambahambayo beza apha ukuzonwabisa nemihlaba enomdla yezilwanyana zasendle kunye neentaba ze-wavy. Njengamanye amazwe amaninzi, ubukumkani be- fjords bunenkcubeko ekhethekileyo kunye nenkqubo yemithetho emele ihlonishwe kwaye ihlonishwe ukuze ukuphumla kungabonakali. Ngayiphi imimiselo eNorway kufuneka ukuba utyelelo lukwazi ngaphambi kohambo, siza kuxubusha kamva kwinqaku lethu.
Imithetho yamasiko eNorway
Into yokuqala ukuba bonke abatyeleli bajongane ngaphambi kokuba bafike kwilizwe eliya kuyo kuyitshixo yokukhangela. Kude kwimfihlo yokuba iNorway iyilizwe elinobuqilima, apho imithetho enqinileyo ikhona, ngokubhekiselele kuwo wonke umntu ohamba naye angena kummandla welizwe angaba naye:
- 1 ilitha yeziqhamo ezinxilisayo (22-60% ngomthamo) kunye neyayi-1 ilitha yobhiya okanye iwayini elinamandla angaphantsi kwama-22% ewonke;
- 250 g yecuba okanye i-cigaretti ezingama-200;
- iimveliso zokutya ezinomlinganiselo we-10 kg (kuphela kumazwe e-EU);
- amayeza ngomntu ongu-1 ogqityiweyo kumgqirha;
- izinto zokucoceka ezijoliswe ekusebenziseni.
Akuvumelekile ukuba angenise:
- naziphi na izinto ezisongela ubomi bomntu (izixhobo, iziqhumane, izinto ezinobuthi);
- izinto zonyango, kuquka amayeza angenawo umyalelo odokotela;
- izilwanyana ezingenawo amaxwebhu afanelekileyo kunye neziqinisekiso (ipasipoti yezilwanyana, ukukhutshwa kwamagonya kunye nokugonywa, njl.).
Yintoni efunekayo khenketho?
Ukuba sele sele kwintsimi yoBukumkani baseNorway, bonke abatyeleli banyanzelekile ukuba bakhumbule imithetho ethile yokuziphatha, ngenxa yokungabikho kokugcinwa kwesigwebo esinzulu, ngezinye izihlandlo zolawulo nakwezobugebengu. Imigaqo ebalulekileyo iquka:
- Kwindawo nayiphi na indawo yoluntu (nokuba ingaba ibhasi yeebhasi, ipaki okanye indawo yokutyela), ukutshaya akuvumelekile. Ukusela utywala kuvunyelwe kwimivalo kunye neefestile kunye nabantu abadala kuphela.
- Ukuqwalasela ukucoceka kunye nokuhleleka. INorway ithathwa njengelinye lamazwe anelungelo lokusingqongileyo kwihlabathi, apha awuyi kubona iintaba zotywala kunye neebhotile ezichithwa phakathi kwesitalato. Ngaphezu koko, amathini asetshenzisiweyo angafakwa kwisitoreji kwaye athathe kuyo ukusuka kwi-0,12 ukuya ku-0.6 yeekhephe. 1 pc.
- Ukuphumla kwimeko kufuneka kuhambisane nemithetho yendawo. Ngoko, umzekelo, ukususela ngo-Ephreli ukuya ekupheleni kwe-Oktobha, unokuzalisa amabhonasi kuphela kwiindawo ezikhethiweyo ngokukhethekileyo, kwaye uya kufuneka ufumane imvume yokuloba kunye nokuhlawula irhafu (10-25 cube)
- Ukuya kwi-disco okanye ebusuku, qiniseka ukuzisa i-ID yakho kunye nawe. eNorway kuvunyelwe ukuthengisa utshwala kubantu abaneminyaka engaphantsi kwe-18 ubudala.
- Ngokungafani namazwe e-CIS, eNorway akufanelekile ukunika abantu abaneminyaka yobudala kwizithuthi zikawonkewonke. Kulo rhulumente, loo mqondiso ungabonwa njengento ehlaselayo.
- Ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho yezothutho kulawulwa ngokusemthethweni ngamagunya asekuhlaleni, kwaye nakuphi na ukuphulwa kwintlawulo enkulu kufuneka. Ngokwesiqhelo, isivinini esivumelekileyo si malunga ne-80 km / h, kwiindawo ezinkulu ezixakekileyo-30-50. Ngokuxhomekeka kwinqanaba elide lidlulileyo, inani lemali lingabikho ukusuka kwi-70 ukuya ku-1000 ikiti.
Umthetho wokugcina izinja eNorway ufanelwe ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo, ngokubhekiselele kuyo ukutshatyalaliswa kunye nokugxothwa kuthathwa njengobundlobongela kwizilwanyana. Ngokubhekiselele kwi-paddock, imeko kuphela yinto yokuba khona kwe-leash, i-muzzle ayifuni nakwiindawo zoluntu. Okumangalisayo kubabhenkethi, abajwayele ukuhamba kunye neenkomo zabo, nayo imvume yokungena kunye nesilwanyana kwintsimi yezinto ezininzi kunye nezikhumbuzo zesizwe.
Imithetho yomtshato eNorway
Ekubeni iNorway ithathwa njengelinye lamazwe anempumelelo kakhulu ukuhlala kuyo, abaninzi abantu basemzini (ikakhulukazi abasetyhini) bathambekele apho ukuze bahlale kwindawo yokuhlala, kwaye indlela engcono yokuphumeza le njongo kukuba, umtshato. Umthetho weNtsapho eNorway uhluke ngokugqithisileyo kwiimfuno ezininzi kwilizwe le-CIS, ngoko ke ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo sokuba uthathe isinyathelo esinzulu, sincoma ukuba uzifundele ngemithetho elawula lo mbandela:
- Ukususela ngo-2009, umtshato wesini uvumelekile eNorway.
- Kuphela abantu abafikelele kwiminyaka eyi-18 banokutshata, kwaye kuphela ngokuvuma kwemvumelwano.
- Umtshato okholelwayo eNorway awwamkelwanga, ngoko ke, ukuba omnye umtshato womntu wasemzini, "ukunyaniseka kwemvakalelo" yalo mbhangqwana kuya kujongwa yinkonzo ekhethekileyo, kwaye kungekhona nje ukuba izihlobo kunye nabamelwane abasondelene nabo banokuphandwa ngemibuzo, kodwa kunye nabanye abantu nokuba awazi kakuhle abantu abasanda kutshata.
- Umthetho wentsapho eNorway ulawula ubume bezemali. Ngoko, umzekelo, omnye wabafazi angafuna nganoma yimuphi umzuzu ukubonisa ukubuyiswa kwentela okanye nayiphi na enye incwadi eqinisekisa ingeniso yenkwenkwe ebomini.
- Yenza umtshato kwilizwe lamaqhwala kunye ne-fjords ngeendlela ezininzi:
- ukucela ukwahlulelwa komgwebo kunye nomtshato emva konyaka;
- baphila iminyaka emi-2 ngokwahlukileyo baze bathathe umtshato ngaphandle kokuhlukana;
- Ukuba kukho ubungqina bodlova lwasekhaya, umtshato, phantsi komthetho ngomtshato eNorway, unokufumaneka ngokukhawuleza.
Umthetho ngokukhuliswa kwabantwana eNorway
Ngokumalunga nokukhuliswa kwabantwana, umthetho uyahlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemeko ze-UN Convention kwaye iphunyezwe ngokulinganayo kubemi baseNorway nakwamanye amazwe. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo kukho imibuzo enxulumene namalungelo omntwana xa kwenzeka umtshato ngabazali. Kule meko, kufuneka ubhekiselele kumThetho othi "Abantwana nabazali", imigaqo ephambili apho:
- Xanduva lwa bazali. Bobabini abatshatileyo banoxanduva lokuphila kunye nokukhuliswa kwabantwana. Ukuba ngaba abazali abangekho kumtshato osemthethweni, zonke izibophelelo zibekwe kumama.
- Indawo yokuhlala kunye nokunakekelwa kwabantwana. Enye yeengongoma eziphambene nokuqhawula umtshato ngumbuzo wendawo yokuhlala elandelayo yomntwana. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukugcinwa kunye kunye nokuhlala kwabantwana kusekwa ngokulinganayo kunye nabesilisa ababesakuba ngabadala (umzekelo, iveki kunye noyise - iveki nonina).
Kwiimeko apho amaqela angakwazi ukufikelela kwisivumelwano somzali umntwana oza kuhlala naye, isicelo sithunyelwa enkundleni, kodwa oku kuya kwenziwa kuphela emva kwenkqubo yokuxolelana (ukulungisa iingxabano nokuthatha inxaxheba kwintlanganiso engathandekiyo). Impikiswano ebalulekileyo kwisigqibo yiminqweno yomntwana. Ukuba oku akunjalo, ngoko kufuneka ufune uncedo kwizodwa kumthetho wentsapho.