Isizwe esincinci kunazo zonke kwaye sizimeleyo kwihlabathi yi-Vatican (encinane kuneSan Marino naseMonaco ). Isixeko sinombalwa omncinci wabemi kwaye sihlala kwindawo encinci.
Ukutyelela iVatican, ezikhangayo kwiindawo ezincinci, uya kukhwankqiswa ngobuhle kunye nobukhulu bemisebenzi yabathathi bezobugcisa kunye nobugcisa.
ISistine Chapel eVatican
Iqonga libhekwa njengeyona nto inqabileyo yelizwe. Yakhelwe ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-15 phantsi kolawulo lukaGeorge de Dolce. Umqalisi wayengumPapa uSixtus Wesine, emva kwakhe emva kokubizwa ngokuba yi-chapel. Ngokomlando, i-cathedral yakhiwe kwisayithi yendawo yangaphambili ye-Neron Circus, apho umpostile uPetros wabulawa khona. Idilesi yaphinda yakhiwa ngamanye amaxesha. Nangona iimeko zangaphandle zibukeka zingabonakaliyo, umhlobiso wezinto zangaphakathi ezithambileyo uyamangalisa.
Ukususela kwikhulu le-15 ukuya kutsho namhlanje, kwintsimi ye-chapel, kukho iintlanganiso zamaKalinali aseKatolika (Conclaves) ngenjongo yokunyulwa kompapa emva kokufa kweli xesha.
IVatican: iSt Peter Cathedral
I-cathedral eVatican yi "ntliziyo" yombuso.Umpostile uPetros wamnyulwa intloko yamaKristu emva kokubethelwa kukaKristu. Nangona kunjalo, ngemiyalelo kaNero, wabethelelwa emnqamlezweni. Oku kwenzeka ngo-64 AD. Ngendawo yokubulawa kwakhe, iSt. Petro's Cathedral yakhiwa, apho izikhonkwane zakhe zikhona kwindawo yomhlaba. Kwakhona phantsi kwesibingelelo se-basilica ingaphezu kwekhulu lamangcwaba kunye nemizimba phantse onke amaPapa aseRoma.
I-cathedral ihlotshiswe kwi-Baroque ne-Renaissance style. Ummandla wayo malunga namahektha angama-22 kwaye ungakwazi ukufumana abantu abangaphezu kwamawaka angama-60. Iqonga leCathhedral likhulu kunawo onke eYurophu: ububanzi bayo buyi-42 mitha.
Phakathi kwendawo yeCathhedral kukho umfanekiso we-bronze weSt. Peter. Kukho uphawu lokuba unokwenza isifiso kwaye uthinte unyawo lukaPetros, kwaye kuya kuzaliseka.
INdwendwe yezoPostile kwiVatican
Ipapal Palace eVatican yindawo yokuhlala yasePapa. Ukongeza kwiPontifical Apartments, kubandakanya ilayibrari, iimyuziyamu zeVatican, ii-chapel, izakhiwo zikaRhulumente zeCawa yamaRoma Katolika.
KwiNdlu yeVatican, kukho imifanekiso yezobugcisa ezifana noRafael, Michelangelo nabanye abaninzi. Imisebenzi kaRafael iyimpawu zobugcisa behlabathi kuze kube namhlanje.
Igadi zeVatican
Imbali yegadi zaseVatican iqala ekupheleni kwekhulu le-13 ngexesha lolawulo lukaPapa uNiclas III. Ekuqaleni, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno, kunye nemifuno yezokwelapha, zakhulile kwintsimi yabo.
Phakathi kwekhulu le-16, uPapa uPius weNine wakhupha umyalelo oyalela ukuba inxalenye esemantla yegadi yenziwe phantsi kwepaki yokuhlobisa kwaye ihlotshwe kwindlela yokuTyhila.
Ngomnyaka we-1578 ukwakhiwa kweNqaba yeMimoya yaqala, apho i-observatory astronomical ikhona ngoku.
Ngo-1607, abaphathi baseNetherlands bafika kwiVatican baza baqalisa ukudala amaninzi emithombo yamanzi kwimyezo. Amanzi okuwazalisa athathwe eLake Bracciano.
Ukususela phakathi kwekhulu le-17, uPapa Climentius Eleventh uqala ukukhula kweentlobo ezinqabileyo zezityalo eziphantsi komhlaba. Ngo-1888, i-Zoo yaseVatican yavulwa kwintsimi yomyezo.
Okwangoku, igadi zaseVatican zihlala kumahektare angaphezulu kwama-20, efumaneka ngokuyinhloko kwiNtaba yaseVatican. Uninzi lomyezo kwi-perimeter lufakwe ngodonga lwaseVatican.
Ukutyelelwa kwegadi zeVatican kuya kuthatha iiyure ezingaphezu kweyure. Itikiti zibiza iidola ezingama-40.
Kwiminyaka emininzi iVatican iye yaba yimbindi yokukhanga kwabavakhenkethi ngenxa yokuba imisebenzi engcono yezobugcisa kunye nobugcisa beematriki ezivela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ziqokelelwa kwintsimi yayo.