Indlela yokukhetha ikhamera yesibuko - iingcebiso ezilula kubaqalayo

Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, izixhobo zeefoto eziphakamileyo zineenkcukacha zabafoto bezithombe, kwaye namhlanje kunesithathu. Indlela yokukhetha ikhamera yesibuko ukuzalisa i-albhamu yakho ngemifanekiso ekhanyayo kunye nemibala, kwaye ungadideki ubunzima bokuyisebenzisa?

Ziziphi iipameter zokukhetha ikhamera ye-SLR?

Indlela yokukhetha ikhamera efanelekileyo ye-SLR, ukuba unesitsha esitsha kwizithuthi zezithombe? Kukho inani leeparitha ekufuneka lithatyathwe ngalo kwaye apho zombini ixabiso lempahla yezithombe kunye nomgangatho wemifanekiso kuxhomekeka. Indlela yokuqonda iimpawu zekhamera, kunye noko zichaphazela ekusebenziseni, masithethe ngentetho.

Isigqibo seMatrix yekhamera ye-SLR

Ukuqwalasela iinketho, ezibonisa ikhamera ukuba zikhethe, iiparamitha zokuqala, ezifanele ukuthobela ingqalelo kwisisombululo se-matrix. Enyanisweni, lo bubungakanani besithombe, kwaye ukuze ufunde, akudingeki ukuba uphephe ngokusebenzisa imiyalelo kwaye ngokukodwa ubambe kwimpahla yemenyu - kaninzi ibhaliwe emzimbeni weso sixhobo njengenombolo yeegapixel okanye ezichazwe kumaphepha.

Ukuba uceba ukushicilela iifoto kwiibhanki, inani lama-megapixel kufuneka libe likhulu (eli-16 okanye ngaphezulu), kwiifoto zasekhaya le parameter ayiyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu, kodwa iifoto ezintle kwisisombululo esiphezulu musa ukuthatha ikhamera yesibuko kunye nesisombululo sesi-matrix esingaphantsi kwama-megapixel angama-12.

Zingaphi iifowuni i-SLR ikhamera eyenzelwe?

Ukuba kwizicwangciso zakho zibandakanya ukufotshwa kwezithombe, ngokugqithisa ingxelo, le parameter ibaluleke kakhulu kuwe - enyanisweni, ibonisa ukuba kaninzi kangakanani i-shutter ingasebenza. Izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zezithombe zincinci, kwaye kuya kuba yinto edangalisa kakhulu xa unesiqingatha somnyaka wokubamba iifoto ezisebenzayo. Ngoko ke, xa ukhetha isigqibo kwikhamera yokukhetha, kuyimfuneko ukwazi isixhobo sokuvalwa kwayo.

Iikhamera zeekhamera zinezixhobo ezimalunga nama-50-100 amafowuni, i-professional-semi-professional-kusuka kwi-100 ukuya kwi-150 zamawaka. Umthombo wezakhono ze-SLR zobugcisa unokufikelela kwizigidi ezizigidi. Le parameter kumaphepha kwikhamera ayisoloko ichaziwe, kufuneka icaciswe kumenzi.

Ngaba ndingayidla ividiyo kwikhamera ye-SLR?

Abaqeqeshi baninzi abanakuyidinga umsebenzi onjalo, abathandi banomdla wokufumana uninzi kakhulu ekuthengeni, ngoko xa benquma indlela yokukhetha ikhamera ye-SLR, baninzi bakhetha inzululwazi ngomsebenzi wokurekhoda kwevidiyo. Oku kuyindlela ekhethekileyo xa ufuna ukuthabatha ixesha eliqhakazileyo, iziganeko, iiholide kwividiyo, ingakumbi ukuba abantwana bayakhula entsapho.

Ividiyo yokutshintshela kwikhamera ye-SLR ephezulu kwi-HD okanye i-FullHD ifom kwiinkqubo ezininzi zezibuko zesikrini esinezibhengezo ezintsha, ezingaqhelekanga kwizixhobo zokusebenza ze-semiprofessional. Umsebenzi wokurekhoda kwevidiyo kwikhamera ye-SLR yecandelo yinto ehlukile ngaphandle komgaqo.

Iikhamera ezipheleleyo ze-SLR

Eli gama libhekisela kwindlela efanelekileyo yobungcali. Igama layo liphuma kwisayizi efanayo yesakhelo kunye nekhamera yefilimu - 35 mm. Ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu be-matrix, ithola ukukhanya okungaphezulu, okukuvumela ukuba wenze umgangatho ophezulu kunye nemifanekiso ecacileyo, kwimeko ephantsi yokukhanya.

Ukuqwalasela i-SLR zekhamera nokugqiba ukuba kukuphi ukhetho lokukhetha, kuyafaneleka ukuqwalasela ukungalunganga kweekhamera ezipheleleyo- ukusuka kwiilensi zebhajethi, ngelixesha, kuya kufuneka kushiywe. Ngezoxhobo zokusebenza eziphezulu eziphezulu, ii-lens ezijoliswe ngokukhawuleza kunye neen-lens wide-angle zisebenza kakuhle.

Impendulo yeekhamera ezigcweleyo ziimvumba - ezininzi zezibuko ziyingqungquthela, isigaba sezobugcisa kunye nezobugcisa. Ukungabikho kokunquma kukuqala kwinqanaba lezandi kwimifanekiso. Kodwa ukuba udubula kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo zokukhanya, ingakumbi isitalato okanye i-studio yokudubula, mhlawumbi ngeke uqaphele umehluko phakathi kweefoto enekhamera epheleleyo kunye ne-crochet.

Iindidi zeelensi zeekhamera ze-SLR

Ingxaki engekho ngaphantsi kwesihloko, indlela yokukhetha ikhamera ye-SLR, kukukhethwa kwe-lens . Umgangatho kunye neklasi ye-optics kufuneka ihambelane neklasini yezixhobo - akukho nto ingqiqo ekuthengeni "isidumbu" sobuchwepheshe, ukuba ii-optics zikwinqanaba le-amateur, nangona kunjalo. Iimpawu zeelensi zeekhamera ze-SLR ziquka ezi zilandelayo:

• uluhlu lobungakanani obude;
• ubude obuninzi okanye obunokutshintsha;
• ukukhanya okukhanya;
• inani leepalali zesalathisi (ukwenzela iilensi zokuvula).

Makhe siqwalasele ngokuchanekileyo ngokubanzi phakathi kwabafotoli beefoto kunye nabalandeli iintlobo zeelensi, iimpawu zabo kunye nezigaba zesicelo.

1. Lens standard. Eyona nto iyaziwa ngokuba yiKit, inikwe ikhamera entsha. Le lens yezinga lokuqala, kwaye abaninzi abantu baqhelana nobugcisa bokufota. Ubude obude buyi-18-55 mm, isithintelo si-1 / 3.5 - 1 / 5.6. I-lens ithathwa njengento yonke, ifanelekile ukudubula njengama-portraits (nangona, ubunzulu bentsimi abuyi kuba mkhulu), ngoko ke imihlaba okanye ukudubula kuhamba.
2. Lens Standard Fix. Ubungakanani obude bungabonakaliyo, 50 mm okanye 35 mm. Ngombulelo kumamodeli aphakamileyo, iilensi ezinjalo ziyaziwayo kwaye zilungele ukufotowa kwezithombe.
3. Iilenti zamacro. Isetshenziselwa ukudubula ngokutsha okanye ukudubula izinto ezincinci ukusuka kumgama omfutshane. Ezinye zazo zingasetyenziselwa ukudubula amafoto.
4. I-long focal lens (iTV) - isetyenziselwa ukutshatyalaliswa kwezilwanyana zasendle ukusuka kumgama omde, xa kungenakwenzeka ukufikelela into ngokufutshane. Ubude obuphambili benjongo enjalo kuluhlu oluvela kwi-100 mm ukuya ku-300 mm.
5. I-lens-angle angle angle. Ngombulelo kwilenshi ye-convex, ine-angle yokubukela ebanzi kakhulu, kulula ukwenza iindawo ezintle zeepanoramic okanye iifoto zokwakha. Iilensi ezinjalo zivame ukukhethwa ngabafoto bezithombe zezithombe zokudala zangaphambili, kwaye zisetyenziswe xa kuqhutywe ngaphakathi.

Iphi ikhamera yeekhamera ze-SLR ingcono?

Enyanisweni, abaninzi abavelisi bakhiqiza izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokufota, ngokukodwa ukuba isicandelo sobugcisa. Ngoko, njani ukhetha ikhamera yesibuko ngumenzi?

1. Canon EOS.
2. Nikon.
3. Sony Alpha.
4. Pentax.

Iikhamera ezifanelekileyo ezipheleleyo ze-SLR ziinkampani zeCanon EOS kunye neNikon, ezivelisa izixhobo zesithombe zobugcisa obuphezulu. Iimodeli zanamhlanje zixhotyiswe ngokukhuseleka, ukukhuselwa ngothuli, umswakama, amanzi, isanti, nto leyo eyenza ikhamera ingabonakali.

Ungakhetha njani ikhamera yezobuchwepheshe?

Ikhamera yezobugcisa - ikhamera epheleleyo eneefomati, uhlobo lokutshulwa kwezantya kunye ne-ergonomic design. Ukuze ungenzi iphutha kumbuzo wendlela yokukhetha ikhamera ephezulu yekram ekhwalithi, funda ukulinganiswa:

1. I-CANON EOS 1DX - ibonwa njengekhamera ye-SLR yeyona nto. Ubungakanani bematrix yi-18.1 megapixels, ukulibaziseka kokusebenza kuphela ngama-millisecond 36 kuphela, isivinini sokudubula sifinyelela ama-14 amaqhosha ngesibini. Imodeli ilungele ukudubula ingxelo yeengcali.
2. I-NIKON D4S - imodeli entsha kunye nobukhulu bematrix ye-16.2 i-megapixel, isivinini sokudubula ukuya kuma-11 amaqhosha kwisibini. Iquka ukuzinza okukhethekileyo kwe-autofocus, ubukhali kunye nokuveliswa kombala, isetyenziswe ekufotheni imifanekiso.
3. I-CANON EOS 5D IMARKI III - i-camera ye-SLR eyaziwayo kakhulu. Umzekelo uphezulu oluphezulu kwaye unokwethenjelwa ngemifanekiso esemgangathweni. Kwijubane lokudubula elingaphantsi kwala ngasentla (6 amafowuni ngesibini), lisetyenziselwa iseshoni zezithombe, iziganeko, ukushicilela i-studio.
4. I-NIKON DF - ngokubonga ngokulinganisa kwayo (i-700 grams) kuphela ithathwa njengekhamera ehamba phambili kubahambi. Ukuqulunqwa kweRetro kukugqatso okukhethekileyo kwesi sixhobo.
5. I-CANON EOS 6D-ikhamera epheleleyo yecomputer yekhamera, ngenxa yexabiso elithengiweyo liyaziwa kakhulu. Insimba yesicelo - ii-portraits, imihlaba, studio yokufota. Ngaphantsi kwe-5D ngasentla kwisigqibo se-matrix kunye nesantya sokudubula.

Indlela yokukhetha ikhamera yecomputer eneklasi?

Ukuba sele sele usondela kumakhamera amatshizi alula, kwaye ufuna ukunyamekela ubugcisa bokufotela, iikhamera zeekhamera zengcali ziyinkolelo efanelekileyo kuwe. Indlela yokukhetha ikhamera yesibuko kumfaki-zithombe onokuqala, onomthombo ofanelekileyo wokuphucula? Masibone ukulinganiswa.

1. I-CANON EOS 7D -ikhamera ihluke kwizixhobo zobugcisa kuphela ngokuba ayiyiyo ifom. Inzuzo ebalulekileyo yindlela esemgangathweni yokukhutshwa kwevidiyo, yayisetyenzisiwe njengekhamera yefilimu yokubonisa amafilimu.
2. NIKON D300S . Ihluke ngokukhawuleza nangokuzimelela kwe-autofocus, ifakwe i-video-detector efanelekileyo. Ubungakanani be-matrix yi-12.3 megapixels. Inzuzo enkulu yekhamera iyisisindo sayo esiphantsi. Ukungalungi kukuphakamileyo kwentsimbi.
3. Nikon D5500 . Ikhamera yokuqala yeNkon enekrini. Ichazwe ngcaciso ekhethekileyo yemithunzi, ibhalansi ecacileyo yemhlophe. Inzuzo enkulu yiyona eyakhelwe kwi-WI FI yokudubula kude.
4. Canon EOS 70D . Ikhamera ilungele ukudubula kuyo nayiphi na imeko yokukhanya, imini nobusuku. Ikhamera ine-microphone efanelekileyo, evumela ukuba ufumane umsindo ophezulu xa ubhala ividiyo.

Yiyiphi ikhamera yekridi eyenziwe ngumtsalane?

Ukungena kwiimarike zemizekelo yeekhamera ye-SLR kwixabiso elithengiweyo elininzi likhuthaza ukuba zizame ngobugcisa bokufotoza, kwaye umbuzo wokukhetha indlela efanelekileyo yekhamera ye-SLR ye-amateur ngoku ifanelekileyo. Ukuze ungadangali kwi-acquisition, akufanelekile ukuba ungagcini kwi-firm and taking a brand brand. Njengoko ikhamera elungileyo yayingumzekelo onjalo weklasi ye-amateur:

• I-Canon EOS 550D Nikon D5100;
• Canon EOS 600D;
• Canon EOS 550D;
• Canon EOS 100D;
• Nikon D5300;
• Nikon D5200;
• Sony SLT-A58.

Ezi khamera zithengeka, kwaye zizaliswe nge-lens ephezulu yokuvula i-lens ziya kukukholisa ngemifanekiso enemibala, ekhanyayo kunye nephezulu. Ikhamera yale klasi izokukunceda ukuqonda izinto ezisemgangathweni zobugcisa bokufota, funda ukubona ii-angles zekhamera, khetha iilensi, usebenzise ngeendlela.

Yisiphi ikhamera yekredithi yokhetha intsapho?

Xa ukhetha ikhamera kwintsapho, kufuneka uqonde ngokukhawuleza oko ukulindele. Thatha ikhamera epheleleyo okanye isityalo esingakumbi sesabelomali - ukhetho luxhomekeke kwisicelo sakho. Ukuba kwizicwangciso zakho, zithathe iifoto zexesha eliqaqambileyo lobomi bentsapho, yenze iphothifoliyo yakho kwaye kwixesha elizayo thabathe ukufotowa, kufuneka ukhethe ikhamera yecandelo lezakhono okanye udidi lwezakhono.

Uninzi lweentsapho zifumana ikhamera yesibuko nje nge-albhamu yezithombe zentsapho eziqaqambileyo. Kwaye ngeenjongo ezinjalo, iinjongo zeekhamera ezilandelayo:

• Canon EOS 1100D;
• Canon EOS 1200D;
• Nikon D3300;
• Nikon D3100;
• I-Sony Alpha SLT-A35.