Emzimbeni womntu, akukho nqubo enye enokuyenza ngaphandle kokuthatha inxaxheba kwamahomoni. Ezi zinto eziphilayo ziveliswa zizilonda ze-endocrine ezilawula imvelaphi ye-hormonal jikelele. Ukuchithwa kwe-balance balance results in the defeating of the organ. Ukuhlalutya ama-hormone kunceda ukuseka ukuxinwa kwezi zinto, ukubonisa ukuphulwa.
Ziziphi iimvavanyo zamahomoni?
Indima yamahomoni emzimbeni womfazi ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphantsi kwefuthe lala maqumrhu e-biological, kukho utshintsho olujikelezayo kwinkqubo yokuzala, imetabolism. IiHormone zilawula ngokuthe ngqo umsebenzi wezitho zokuzala, ukuchonga amandla omzimba wesibindi ukukhulelwa nokuzala umntwana. Ukongezelela, ngokokuhlalutya kwegazi kwi-hormones, oogqirha banokumisela nokunyuka kwi-intrauterine ukuphuhliswa kwengane, xa kuvela kuphela kwisisu somama.
Ngokomxholo walezi zinto egazini, oogqirha banokwenza izigqibo malunga nokusebenza kwe-thyroid, i-ovari, i-pituitary gland, i-adrenals. Ukuhlaziywa kwamahomoni kunqunywe phambi kobukhombisi ngamnye, phakathi kwazo:
- iingxaki zokuphuhliswa kwezitho zangaphakathi;
- ukuxilongwa kokukhulelwa okungaqhelekanga;
- ukungabikho ;
- Ukukhulelwa kunye nosongelo lokuphazamiseka;
- iimeko zokudandatheka kunye nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
- iinkqubo ezinjenge-tumor.
Ziziphi iimvavanyo abafazi abazithatha kuma-hormone?
Ukuhlaziywa kwegazi kuma-hormone kuqeshwe ngokungathandabuzeki ekusebenziseni le nto okanye elo lungu, i-endocrine gland. Uphando olufanayo luhlala luyenziwa xa abafazi bephethe iimpawu ezibonisa ukungasebenzi kwamalungu omzimba. Kule meko, iimeko eziqhelekileyo ezicetywayo ngee-hormone zesini (i-estrogens) kunye nama-hormone e-pituitary, elawula ukusebenza komzi wesithokazi. Phakathi kwezifundo eziqhelekileyo kubasetyhini:
- uhlalutyo lwee-hormone ze-thyroid;
- ukufundisisa kwinqanaba lama- hormone e-pituitary ;
- ukuzimisela kokugxininiswa kwamahomoni adrenal.
I-hormone yesilingo
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwi-hormone ye-thyroid kudla ngokumiselwa. Phakathi kweempawu ezibonisa ukungqinelani kweemimiselo eziveliswe yi-hormone ye-gland, oogqirha bathi:
- khuliswa;
- utshintshe ubunzima bomzimba;
- uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu;
- ukungabikho.
Ngethuba lokuhlalutya, ukuxinwa kwezi-hormone ze-thyroid ezilandelayo:
- i-triiodothyronine (T3);
- thyroxine (T4).
Ezi zinto zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zangaphakathi zomzimba. Ngaphantsi kweempembelelo zabo, ukulawulwa kweenkqubo kunye nemisebenzi yengqondo eyenziwa. Ukongeza, i-hormones shchitovidki ithintela umsebenzi we-cardiovascular system, inkqubo yokutya, inkqubo yokuzala. Kwizifo zala malungu, uvavanyo lwe-hormone ye-thyroid luyimfuneko yocwaningo.
Hlaziya i-hormone yeengqungquthela ze-adrenal
Ukuhlaziywa kwegazi kwi-hormone ye-adrenal kukhombisa ukuzimisela kokugxininiswa kwezinto ezintathu ngasikhathi sinye:
- Cortisol . Ukubhekisele kwi-glucocorticoids, inoxanduva emzimbeni ukuhlanganiswa kwe-corticoliberin.
- Aldosterone . Ilawula ukulinganisela komzimba we-electrolyte, ukulawula umthamo opheleleyo wamanzi. Inempembelelo ngqo kwiimpawu zengcinezelo yegazi.
- Dehydroepiandrosterone . I-androgenic, i-hormone ye-steroid. Ngokwakhe isakhiwo seprohormon (esandulela phambili). Ngenxa yezinto ezinzima zokuziphendulela kwezinto eziphilayo, le nto ishintshelwe ibe yi-testosterone yamadoda kunye ne-estrogen yabesifazane.
Ukuhlalutya amahomoni e-pituitary
I-pituitary gland isincinci ngobukhulu bensimbi, esekelwe kwisiseko seengqondo, kwisihlalo seTurkey. Iqulethwe ngamacandelo amabini, kunye nengxininkulu enkulu ehlanganiswe yile lobe yangaphambili. Oogqirha, xa banikezela uhlalutyo kumahomoni kubasetyhini, bavame ukuhlola ezi zinto zilandelayo eziphilayo eziveliswa yi-pituitary:
- somatotropin;
- i hormone ye-adrenocorticotropic;
- i-hormone ye-luteini (LH);
- i-hormone evuselela i-hormone (FSH);
- prolactin;
- oxytocin.
Uhlalutya amahomoni e-gynecology
Indawo ephambili phakathi kwezifundo ezijolise ekumiseni inkqubo yenkqubo yokuzala isetyhini ukuhlalutya kwi-hormone yesondo. Ukuxinwa kwezi zinto kumzimba wowesifazane kuchaphazela ngqo iinkqubo zokuxilongwa, kwakunye neenguqulelo zenguqu. Ngaphantsi kweempembelelo ze-hormone, ukuya esikhathini, ukunyuka, kunye nokukhulelwa kulawulwa.
Ukuhlaziywa kwamahomoni wesifazane, anikwe izigulane zaliphi na ubudala, kudla ngokumiselwa ngumsebenzi okanye kwinkqubo yenkqubo yokuzala efundwayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ukusekwa kwezizathu zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kubagqirha bamisela:
- Uhlalutyo lwe-horlicone-stimulating hormone (FSH);
- i-hormone ye-luteini (LH);
- ukufunda kwinqanaba leprolactin;
- uhlaziyo lwe-estradiol;
- kwinqanaba leprogesterone;
- Uhlalutyo lwama-hormone TTG, T3, T4.
Kuchaneka njani ukunikezela ngokuhlalutya kuma-hormone?
Ukufumana iziphumo eziphambili zezifundo eziqhutyelwe, kubalulekile ukugcina iimeko ezininzi. Ngaphambi kokuhlaziya ama-hormone, oogqirha balumkisa izigulane malunga nendlela yokulungiselela ngokufanelekileyo uhlalutyo olujoliswe kuyo. Kuxhomekeke kwi-hormone echanekileyo ngqo, iimeko ziyahluka. Ngokubanzi, phambi kokuhlolwa kwegazi, kufuneka:
- Ungadli. Ukumkela kokugqibela kufuneka kwenzeke kungekudala emva kweeyure eziyi-8-12.
- Musa ukusetyenziswa kweziphuzo - itiye, ikhofi, utshwala (unako ukusela amanzi alula).
- Musa ukutshaya iiyure ezingama-3 phambi kovavanyo.
- Ungafaki ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza (ngokubonisana nodokotela).
- Ukugqithisa ukuhlalutya ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe uphando, uphando lwe-hardware (i-roentgen, i-US), i-fizioprotsedur.
Kuliphi ixesha lokuthatha iimvavanyo kumahomoni kubafazi?
Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezithembekileyo zezifundo, ukuba ungabandakanyi isidingo sokubamba kwakhona kwakhona, kufuneka ukwazi ukuba uza kuhlola phi i-hormone. Kule nto kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-hormone efundiswayo. Ngaloo ndlela, uhlalutyo lwe-hormones yesini kubasetyhini kufuneka lwenziwe ekuqaleni komjikelezo wesini (umhla wesi-5-7), ngaphandle kokuba kuboniswe ngenye indlela ugqirha. Kule meko, kuyimfuneko ukuthobela imithetho epheleleyo malunga nomnikelo wegazi:
- Ngentsasa, kwixesha eli-8-11 iiyure.
- Ngqongqo kwisisu esingenalutho - kungekhona ngaphantsi kwe-8, kodwa kungekho ngaphezu kweeyure ezili-14 zokulamba.
- Ungadli ezininzi ngaphambi kokuhlalutya.
- Ungabandakanyi umsebenzi owenziwe nzima ngosuku lokuqala, ukuqeqeshwa kwezemidlalo.
Uhlalutyo lwe-hormone - ukulungiselela
Ngaphambi kokuvavanya ama-hormone, isiguli kufuneka silungiselele ngokucophelela. Ukuba amayeza athatyathwa, kufuneka anqunyanyiswe ixesha lokulungiselela. Ukongezelela, ekuhambeni kweemvavanyo ze-hormone akuvumelekanga ukusela utywala, umsi - oku kunokuphazamisa iziphumo. Phakathi kwezinye iimeko ezimele zigcinwe:
- ukukhutshwa kwengcinezelo, ukuxinezeleka, amava ngokuhlwa;
- ukupheliswa kokutya kokutya kwiiyure eziyi-8 ukuya ku-12.
Ukuhlalutya amahomoni - okuqhelekileyo
Ukuchazwa kweziphumo, ukuthelekiswa kwezixabiso ezifunyenweyo kwiimimiselo ezikhoyo kufuneka zenziwe kuphela ngugqirha. Ingcali kuphela iyakwazi ukuvavanya iimeko zezilwanyana ngokuchanekileyo, uyayazi malunga neentsholongwane kunye neziphazamiso kwisigulane. Xa uvavanya iziphumo, oogqirha bancike kwiimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Hormone yeTyroid:
- I-T3 iyonke - 1,1-3: 15 ntol / l, i-free - 2,6-5,7 ntol / l;
- I-T4 iyonke - 60-140 i-nmol / l, inkululeko-100-120 i-nmol / l;
- TTG - 0,2-4,2 mIU / l.
- IiHormoni zeengqungquthela ze-adrenal:
- I-Dehydroepiandrosterone - 810-8991 i-nmol / l;
- i-cortisol - ukuya kwiminyaka eyi-16 - 83-580 i-nmol / l, ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-16 - 138-635 i-nmol / l;
- i-aldosterone - 35-350 pg / ml.
IHormones ye-pituitary:
- somatotropin - 0-10 ng / ml;
- i hormone ye-adrenocorticotropic - 0-50 pg / ml;
- i-thyreopropin - 0.60-3.80 μ IU / ml;
Ubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yabasetyhini yimixholo emzimbeni wamahomoni esondo. Itheyibhile yemimiselo yamahomoni kubasetyhini inikwe apha ngezantsi. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukugxilwa kwabo emzimbeni kuyahluka kwaye kubangelwa ngu:
- yobudala bomfazi;
- isigaba somjikelezo wesini.