Ngaba kukho into enhle ngakumbi kwihlabathi kunemibala enemibala enobungakanani bendalo, egcwele amaqabunga anqabileyo ahlahlela izivande zegadi okanye adibanise kwientyantyambo eziluhlaza zityalo eziluhlaza? Kupholile kangakanani phakathi kokushisa kwehlobo ehlotyeni ukuba lube nokuthula kunye nokupholisa, ukuba kube kude nomzi kunye nomoya ophakathi kweentaka zeentaka kunye nephunga elimnandi. Yaye intliziyo yomnakekeli okhathalelayo uyalimaza njani xa enye yezilwanyana ezifuywayo zihlala zigula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unganqikazi kule meko, unokwazi ukulungisa. Isixhobo esilula esasetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo ngabalimi ngaphezulu kweyhumi, i-Bordeaux liquid, iya kusinceda, ukulungiswa kunye nemithetho yokusetyenziswa kwayo iya kuxutyushwa ngezantsi.
Yintoni endiyidingayo ukuba ndiyazi ngaphambi kokuba ndibe ne-Bordeaux liquid?
Ngaphambi kokuba ulungise i-Bordeaux liquid, masiqhelane nezinye iimpawu zayo kunye nemithetho yokhuseleko. Emva koko, le nto yinkampani enamandla yamakhemikhali, kwaye ngoko ke idinga ukulumkisa ekuphatheni nasekukholeni ubuncinane ulwazi oluncinane.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ingxaki yokukhusela izityalo zegadi kunye neziqhumiso kwizifo kunye neentlanzi nazo zihlala zenzululwazi kunye nabafilosofi bexesha elidlulileyo. Nangona kunjalo, i-chemistry kule shishini yaqala ukusetyenziswa ngoku kutshanje, nje kwiminyaka engama-150 edlulileyo. Kwaye ukulungiswa kokuqala kotywala waseBordeaux kwenzeka ngo-1885 sibonga kuMfransi uAlexander Millarde. Wadala le fungicide ephumelelayo ukukhusela izidiliya kwisifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-mildew.
Ukubunjwa kwamanzi e-Bordeaux kubandakanya izinto ezintathu: i-vitriol yobhedu, i-quicklime esemgangathweni kunye namanzi. Kwesitya esinye seqhekeza kunye namanzi, okubizwa ngokuba yi-lime ubisi kulungiselelwe, kwaye kwelinye ngamanzi atshisayo, i-sulphate yethusi iyahlulwa. Izitya ezisetyenziswayo kufuneka zibe ngilazi, okanye zokhuni, okanye udongwe, okanye zenziwe. Ukusetyenziswa kweenkonci zetsimbi kunye ne-decoctions ayimkelekanga, ngaphandle kwempahla eyenziwe ngobhedu.
Xa udibanisa amacandelo, i-vitriol yethusi ehlanjululwayo idluliselwa kubisi lweqhenqa ngomlambo omncinci, ngelixa umxube uqhutyelwa phambili ngepini yokuqhawula. Ngenxa yoko, i-liquid ye-colorful blue-blue color with reaction response). Nceda nceda! Xa upheka, zombini iinxalenye ze-Bordeaux isisulu kufuneka zibandele kwaye zidibanise ngokucacileyo njengoko kuchaziwe ngasentla, kwaye kungekudala. Ungaqwalasela ukungathathi hlangothi kwempendulo kunye nephepha leetmus okanye nayiphina into yentsimbi, ummese, isikhonkwane, ucingo, kubaluleke kakhulu, kufuneka bahlambuluke. Ukuba isiqephu sephepha okanye umsi womsila unombala obomvu obomvu, kufuneka ubisi lobisi kufuneka ludibaniswe de kuze kube yinto eyenzekayo. Ngaphandle koko, unokutshisa amahlamvu ezithenda zezityalo kwaye ke abayi kufa ngenxa yefungulu, kodwa ngokusweleka kwesithsaba. Kwaye makhe sibone indlela yokulungisa i-Bordeaux liquid kwi pesenti.
Indlela yokwenza i-1% kunye ne-3% ye-Bordeaux yirhasi?
Ukuze ufumane iilitha ezili-10 ze-1% ye-Bordeaux liquid, thatha i-100 g ye-sulfate yethusi kunye ne-100-120 ye-quicklime. I-sulfate ye-Copper kuqala uthele i-1 litre yamanzi atshisayo kwaye ugxininise, kwaye emva kwamanzi abandayo kuletha isisombululo kwisixa sama-5 litres. Kwisitya esahlukileyo, 1 litre yamanzi ashushu, cima i-lime kwaye uvelise umthamo wayo kwi-5 litres ngamanzi abandayo. Ngaphezu koko, emva kokupholisa izibini zombini, isisombululo, ngokukhawuleza, sitshisa i-vitriol kwisiqhekeza kwaye, uphinda udibanisa yonke into kakuhle, jonga umxube ukuze uphendule ubhedu. Ukuba kukho, uthele ubisi lobisi. Ngokubanzi, eli candelo kufuneka lilungiselelwe okwesithathu ngaphezu kwe-sulfate ye-copper. Vumela isilwanyana sibe sincinci ngakumbi kunomnqweno, kunokuba amaqabunga aya kutshisa. Ukuze ulungiselele i-3% ye-Bordeaux isiselo somqulu ofanayo, kufuneka uthabathe 300 g we-sulphate yethusi, i-350-450 ye-lime, i-10 ilitha amanzi kwaye uphinde uphendule amanqanaba angentla.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Bordeaux liquid
I-fungicide elungiselelwe njengoko ichazwe ngentla isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukutshiza imithi yezithelo kunye nezihlahla ezivela kwizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo zezifo. Ukucubungula i-apula ye-Bordeaux, ipeyari, iidiliya, i-currant, i-gooseberry kunye nezinye izityalo ziya kubasindisa kwi-scab, isikhumba se-powdery, i-phytophthora, i-mosaic kunye ne-rotary ehlukahlukeneyo. Qala ukuphalaza ukususela entwasahlobo, kude kube lula ukuqhuma. Ngexesha leentyantyambo kunye nefruit, unyango luye lugqitywa kwaye luvuselelwe ekupheleni kuka-Agasti-ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba emva kokuvuna. Ngoku ubona ukuba ukwazi ukupheka nokusebenzisa i-Bordeaux liquid isindiso yangempela yomyezo wakho.