Umsebenzi wokuzala weentsapho ubonakaliswe ekukwazi ukuvelisa inzala enempilo. Ukongezelela, njengoko kuchazwe yiMbutho wezeMpilo weMpilo, impilo yokuzala yabesilisa nabesifazana yinto enokwenzeka yokuphila ngokwesondo ngokuqhelekileyo kukunciphisa ingozi yokufumana izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo, ukucwangcisa ukukhulelwa, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomama nomntwana. Ngokutsho kweengcali, into ebalulekileyo eyenza umsebenzi wokuzala wosapho namhlanje ngumlinganiselo wokuzala, inani lokukhupha izisu kunye nezibini ezingenabantwana.
Ezinye izikhombisi zempilo yokuzala yoluntu:
- ubukhulu besibalo;
- inani labasetyhini bexesha lokuzala;
- inani labantwana kunye nentsha;
- ukufa;
- ukwanda kwendalo kubemi.
Izinto ezonakalisa impilo yokuzala yoluntu
Umsebenzi wokuzala wamadoda nabasetyhini uphenjelelwa ngumoya, izinga lemoya, ukungcola kwamanzi kunye nomhlaba, isandi, uthuli, amagagasi anombane kunye nombane. Ukuziqhelanisa kubonisa ukuba kwiindawo ezinkulu kunye nezixeko zoshishino, impilo yabantwana abasandul 'ukuzalwa, kunye nokukwazi ukukhulelwa komfazi kwaye azalwe ngamaxesha amancinane kunaloo mihlaba apho izinga lokungcoliseka komhlaba aliphezulu kakhulu (iidolophana ezincinane, iidolophana kunye nemizana). Ukuchithwa kwempilo yokuzala kubonwa kwakhona ngenxa yezenzo zeemveliso ezithile kunye neekhemikhali zendlu.
Ingozi ebalulekileyo kwimpilo yokuzala i-alcohol kunye ne-nicotine, impembelelo yaloo nto inokwenzeka ukuba kuveliswe ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Iingcali zithi ukubonakala koonyana abangaphantsi kweentsapho apho bobabini abalingani baphatha kakubi utywala, ulingana no-100%. Kwi-30% yamatyala, izibini ezinjalo azinako.
Iingxaki eziphambili zempilo yokuzala
Ukukhuselwa kwempilo yokuzala kubandakanya izinto ezithile, iinkqubo kunye neenkqubo ezixazulula iingxaki zemisebenzi yokuzala kwaye zijolise ekuphuculeni intlalontle yentsapho ngokupheleleyo okanye enye. Enye yezinto eziphambili ukuza kutsho ekukhuselweni komsebenzi wokuzala onentsapho kukuthintela izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto eziphambili: i-HIV / AIDS, i-syphilis, i-gonorrhea, i-chlamydia kunye ne-mycoplasmosis.
Ingxaki ebalulekileyo yokukhusela impilo yokuzala ikhupha isisu, kuqukwa nolwaphulo-mthetho kwaye inobungozi, emva koko, ngokusemthethweni, iirhafu zokukhulelwa okuphindaphindiweyo ziya ngokukhawuleza ziya kwi-zero. Izibalo zibonisa ukuba inani elikhulu kunazo zonke izisu zenzeke kwabasetyhini abaneminyaka eyi-18-25. Idatha enjalo ididayo, kuba le nxalenye yabasetyhini ababekwe nethemba lokunyusa izinga lokuzalwa. Imithombo yonyango ithi i-60% yokukhupha isisu ihamba neengxaki, i-28% yazo i-infections ye-genitals, i-7% - ukuphuma kwexesha elide, u-3% - umonakalo kwizitho zeplavic.
UCwangciso loNtsapho kunye neMpilo Yokuzala
Imisebenzi yokuzala emphakathini yenziwa yintsapho. Ingxaki yentsapho esanda kutshatyalaliswa ngakumbi. Inyaniso kukuba izinga lokuzalwa liwela ngokukhawuleza rhoqo ngonyaka, ngokungaqinisekiyo ekukhokelela ekuhlaleni kwabantu.
Ukukhuselwa kwempilo yokuzala kunye nokucwangcisa intsapho yinto yeyona nto ephambili kuyo nawuphi na urhulumente. Kwisakhelo sengqondo malunga nokukhuselwa kwempilo yokuzala, kucetywayo ukuthatha amanani amanyathelo, apho:
- ukubonelela ngokusemthethweni isiseko sempilo yokuzala;
- amanyathelo okukhusela;
- ukuqaliswa kweendlela ezintsha zokuxilongwa kunye nonyango;
- inkxaso yemali yentsapho njengomzekelo oyintloko womsebenzi wokuzala wabemi.