Abaninzi banakekelwa ingqalelo kwizakhiwo eziphahleni, ngokukhunjulwa kwindlu encinci. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-dormer windows. Kodwa igama labo elingaqhelekanga alinanto yokwenza ngokuphulaphula. Baye bafumana igama labo kwi-nombolo yenkampani yeqela labachweli beSlukhov, owakha kuqala ephahleni lwesakhiwo esikhulu esabelwe ukugubha ngo-1817 ukunqoba kwimfazwe neNapoleon. (Ngendlela, lesi sakhiwo sikhona kude kube ngoku - esi siyaziwa ngokuziwayo eMoscow). Ngethuba lo msebenzi wokugqiba kwakukho iingxaki kunye neengxowa zokhuni zesakhiwo - zaqala ukugoba nokuguqa. I-artel iqikelele ukuba ezo festile ziyimfuneko yokukhupha i-attic yesakhiwo kunye nenkululeko yokuhambisa umoya. Ukususela ngoko, ezo festile ziye zaziwa ngokuba yiSuvv (i-auditory later), kunye neendlela zokwakha kwaye ngoku ziphakamisa ukuba uphahla lwezakhiwo lube nefestile ye-dormer.
Iintlobo zeefestile ze-dormer
Ngexesha elide, iifestile zeedormer kwi-attic zaqala ukusetyenziswa ukukhanyisa amagumbi okugubha, ukufikelela eluphahleni, kwaye ziphumelele ngokudibanisa umthwalo osebenzayo kunye nokuhlobisa. Ngokwezixhobo zayo zoyilo (ngokukodwa kwifom), iifestile ze-dormer zingahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezininzi. Uhlobo lo kuqala luquka iifestile zendabuko zesidonular ze-dormer.
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Emva koko landela i-conical ne-rectangular. Ngokwendlela yophahla, iifestile (iindlwana) iifestile zinokuthi zibe ne-panoramic (kunye nophahla lwe-trapezoidal), kunye nophahla kunye nophahla okanye uphahla lwe-hip. Iyona ndlela ihamba phambili kunye neyona nto iqhelekileyo iphakanyisiwe yile festile yokuhlola, engayinxantathu okanye ingxande (mhlawumbi iyisikwere).
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Ngamanye amaxesha, ukwenzela ukwenza isakhiwo sihlobise ngakumbi, sinokwakhiwa phezu kophahla lwe-arched (okanye iisicilcular) iifestile ze-dormer, ezibizwa ngokuba yi "bat". Iifestile ezingabonakaliyo kunye nezindwendwe ezijikelezayo. Ukongezelela, phezu kwephahla, i-angle of inclin is small, ngolawulo, iifestile ze-dormer zecandelo zifakwe.
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Amagama ambalwa malunga nezinto zokwenza iifestile ze-dormer. Iifestile ze-dormer zenziwe ngendlela efanayo (ngokwezinto eziphathekayo) njengoko zonke iifestile kwisakhiwo. Ukuba iifestile zokhuni zifakwe, iifestile ye-dormer yenziwe ngamaplanga.
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Njengendlela yokukhetha - iifestile ezenziwe ngentsimbi-plastiki. Kwimeko apho imisebenzi yefestile ye-dormer iyancitshiswa ukuze ikhanyise indawo ye-attic, iyakwazi ukululeka. Kodwa ngokusebenza kakuhle komsebenzi wokungena umoya, kucetyiswa ukuba ufake iiwindow ze-louvered dormer.
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Iimbane zeMansard
Iifestile ze-dormer ezicatshangelwayo ziqwalaselwe ngasentla. Kukho olunye uhlobo lweefestile, ngokubhekiselwe ngezinye iinkcukacha njengoluhlobo oluhlukile. Ezi zikhenkce zithe tye Inkalo yabo kunye nomphambili omkhulu kukuba bafakwe ngendlela efana nokwenza indiza enye kunye nophahla. Ukuze kube lula ukusebenza, iifestile zee-attic zinikezelwa ngeemfuno ezizodwa, ukulungelelanisa, izikhonkwane. Ukusebenzisa kwabo kukuvumela ukuba ulungise i-sash yefestile kunoma yiphina indawo efanelekileyo, ngelixa uvimba ukuvala ngokukhawuleza. Kule meko, isakhelo ngokwalo (iqabunga) lijikeleza njengoko liloluhlu (i-angle of rotation is 180 °). Ngenxa yeemeko zokusebenza ezikhethekileyo, iifestile zeepahla zinobukhulu obukhulu (indawo yonke ayikho ngaphezu kwe-1.4 sq. M. Ukuba kuyimfuneko ukufakela iifestile zendawo eninzi zidibaniswe ngeendlela zemirhumo ekhethekileyo kumaqela) kunye nokunyuka kobunzima besakhelo.
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