Imimangaliso yendalo!
Iindawo ezona zikhangeleke emhlabeni ngokuqinisekileyo zizintaba kunye nolwandle. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ubuncinane udumo luphumelele ngamagumbi azaliswe ngamanzi okanye ayikho. Apha iqokelele izimbobo ezingenakwenzeka emhlabeni, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo ziye zazuza udumo.
1. I-Great Blue Hole, eBelize
Esinye seziza ezithandwayo zokudada ukuzonwabisa nge-Blue Blue Hole, esadumiwa ngumhloli wamaFrentshi uJacques-Yves Cousteau. Nguye owokuqala wehla waya ngaphantsi komngxuma, ukulinganisa ubunzulu bawo (120 m) nokufumanisa ubunzulu kwinkqubo yamabhoba nge-stalactites amakhulu. Ingqungquthela yombhobho ojikelezayo obunamanzi angaphezu kwama-300 m iyinxalenye ye-karst eyenziwe ngexesha lokugqibela kweqhwa. Apha azikho iikorali kunye neentlobo zeentlanzi ezinobundlobongela, ngoko ke, nangona ubude obude ukusuka kwimpucuko (96 km ukuya kwisixeko esikufuphi), i-Great Blue Hole ithandwa ngokukhethekileyo phakathi kwabathandekayo bokudada.
2. Uzuko lweHole, iDamontello Dam, eCalifornia
Idamu yaseMonticello, eyakhiwe kwisiza sowesixeko esizikhukhula, esaziwayo ngokungafani nobukhulu bayo, kodwa okokuqala kuyo yonke into ephakamileyo yamanzi yokulahla amanzi. Ukuba nobubanzi beemitha ezingama-21, lidlula i-1370 cubic metres kwisibini, okuvumela ukuba kugcinwe izinga eliphezulu lamanzi ngexesha lezimvula. Edameni onke amanyathelo okukhusela anokuthenjwa athatyathwa ukukhusela abantu ukuba bangazitholi kufuphi ne-funnel.
3. I-Karst umkhombe woLwandle Olufile, uSirayeli
Ukukhula kwabemi kunye nophuhliso lwemveliso yeekhemikhali zezizathu eziphambili zokubonakala kwezinto ezingaphumeleli kummandla woLwandle Olufile, kwintsimi ye-Ein Gedi National Park. Ngelo xesha kunama-funnels angaphezu kwama-3 000 kuphela, kwaye bangaphi babo ngokwenene-akukho mntu uyaziyo. Ngaphezu koko, inani labo likhula rhoqo. Iingcali zibonisa ukuba oku kubaluleke kakhulu kunqanaba lokuLwandle Olufileyo (malunga ne-1 m ngonyaka), obangelwa zimbalwa zezizathu, eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwe-artery yokutya olwandle oluphambili - uMlambo iYordan-ekuphuculweni kwendawo eselunxwemeni kunye nomthombo oyintloko wamanzi okusela kwindawo enabantu abaninzi lizwe. Amagqabi amanzi anamanzi, kunye namanzi aphantsi komhlaba aphuma emanzini aphantsi komhlaba, afakazela iityuwa zetyuwa, ngenxa yoko kuphelisa ifom ngaphantsi komhlaba, okukhokelela ekusileleni. Ubungakanani bamanye ama-amaze - kwindawo enye enjalo ifana nesakhiwo sezitezi ezisibhozo.
4. "Isihogo", eChina
Enye yezona ndawo zinomdla kakhulu kwihlabathi kukudakumba okukhulu kwezemvelo iTianken Xiaozha, ephakathi kwiphondo eliphambili laseChina. Ubungakanani bokudibanisa buyingozi: 626 m ubude, 537 m ububanzi, kwaye ukusuka kwi-511 ukuya kwi-662 m ububanzi. Ukongezelela, i-funnel ineendonga ezinkulu, ezisebenza njengento eyongezelelekileyo ebhenkethi. Ngenye yeendonga ezinqamlekileyo zakhiwe ilayiti, amanyathelo angama-2800 ekhokelela ekupheleni. Umlambo ongaphantsi kobude obude ubude be-8.5 km ugijima ngaphantsi kwe-karst funnel, efika phezulu apha kuphela. Nangona i-"world "yakha iikhilomitha ezili-129 zamawaka ezedlulileyo zaziwa kakuhle kubahlali bendawo, izazinzulu kunye noluntu olufunyenwe kule nzekayo yemvelo kuphela ngo-1994 ngexesha lokukhangela iindawo ezintsha zophando ngabadlali be-British speleologists.
5. Ukungaphumeleli kweBrimma, Oman
Le ndawo iyamangalisa ngobuhle bayo obuqaqambileyo nobuqaqawuli, ngoko akumangalisi ukuba kubangele abaninzi abakhenkethi. Isitya esinqabileyo se-limestone sigcwele amanzi ahlambulukileyo, angabonwa ngaphandle kwemifanekiso. Amagosa kamasipala anqwenela ukuguqula ukungaphumeleli kwipaki yamanzi ukutsala abathandi basekhaya nabangaphandle ukuba bahambi kwindawo ephosakeleyo.
6. iBingham Canyon, Utah, United States
Eyona nto iyaziwa ngokuba yi-Kennecott yombhobho, i-quarry enkulu yehlabathi itholakala kumzantsi-ntshona kweSalt Lake City. Ubukhulu bayo bunzima: malunga neekhilomitha ezili-1 ubude kunye no-4 km ububanzi! Ukuba ngaba izakhiwo zombini zombuso woBukhosi baseBukhosi zixutywe phezulu, ziza kufinyelela phezulu emhadini ukusuka phantsi kwegodi. Idiphozithi, efunyenwe kwiminyaka eyi-110 edlulileyo, isasebenza, isinika iitroli ezingama-450 ngosuku.
7. I-Blue hole Dean, i-Bahamas
Ingqungquthela yesibini eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ehlabathini ifuphi kwidolophu yaseClarence kwiLong Island. Nangona ubuninzi bezinto ezidlulileyo zemvelo bunobungakanani obumalunga ne-100 m, umda ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka weDean udlula le pharamitha ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabini, ushiye phantsi kwe-202 m. Ukwahlula ngesakhiwo esingavamile: sibe nobubanzi be-25-35 m kufuphi nomhlaba, ukuxinwa kukhulula ngokubanzi nangakumbi Iimitha ezili-20 zifikelela ububanzi beemitha ezili-100, zenza uhlobo lweedome. Eyaziwayo phakathi kwabathandi be-diving-deep and scuba diving, i-blue hole yeDean, nangona kunjalo, iyaziwayo phakathi kwabantu bakuloo ndawo: kuthiwa indalo yayo yayingekho ngaphandle kwemikhosi embi, kwaye abantu abanokukhathazeka banokuluqinisa lula kwi-pool emnyama.
8. "IiGates zeSihogo", iTurkmenistan
Le ngqungquthela, enjengeengingqi zefilimu yentlekele, enobubanzi obungama-60 kunye nobude obungama-20 m, sele ishushu iminyaka engama-45. Yonke yaqala ngo-1971, xa izazi-geologists zifumene insimu yegesi ephantsi komhlaba. Xa ukuqhuma kwaqala, abaphuhlisi bafumana i-cavern engaphantsi komhlaba, ngenxa yoko zonke izixhobo, kuquka i-rig, zawela phantsi komhlaba, kwaye i-gap igcwele igesi. Iingcali ze-Geologists azizange zicinge nantoni na engcono kuneendlela zokubeka umlilo kwigesi ukuze uqhubeke nomsebenzi. Kwakucatshulwa ukuba iya kutshisa ngeentsuku ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, sele iminyaka engama-45 sele ikhona, kwaye umlilo awuyi kutshabalalisa. Ummandla wonke wekhredithi uhlanganiswe ngeesibane ezibukhulu obuhlukeneyo, ezinye zazo zifikelela kwi-10-15 m.
Umphandi waseCanada waseCanada uGeorge Coronis wakwazi ukuhla ephantsi kweqonga, apho wafumanisa khona iibhaktheriya ezingenakwenzeka kwenye indawo phezu komhlaba, kwaye uzive kakuhle ngeli langatye lomlilo.
9. I-Big Hole, eMzantsi Afrika
I-quarry enkulu yehlabathi, echongwe ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwamatshini, yayiyintsimi yeyona nto ecebileyo yeKimberley, ngoku iphelile. Phakathi kowe-1866 no-1914, abavukuzi abangama-50,000 batshabalalisa iingu-22.5 zeetoni zomhlaba ngamafosholo kunye nama-pickax, athabatha ii-kilogram ezingama-2,722 zeadayimali ezixabisa izigidigidi eziyi-14,5. Ngelo xesha, i-quarry ebanzi ububanzi be-463 m kunye nobubanzi obungama-240 m yaqulunqwa. Ngoku i-bottom of quarry izaliswe ngamanzi ukuya kwi-40 m.
10. "Ukuhluleka kukaMtyholi", eTexas, eU.SA
Umngxuma ogqithisiweyo olinganiselwa kwi-12 ukuya kwe-18 m uvula ukungena kwindlu enkulu ephantsi komhlaba ehla kwi-m mitha ezili-122. Emqolombeni kukho ikholoni yezilwanyana ezindizayo ezinqabileyo emhlabeni-iintlobo zaseburhulumenteni zaseBrazil. Ezi zilwanyana ezincinane malunga ne-9 cm ubude kwaye zilinganisa i-15 g kuphela zingaphula isantya se-flight horizontal ukuya kwi-160 km / h. Kwi "Ukungaphumeleli kukaMtyholi" ihlala ihlala malunga nezigidi ezi-3 zezi zilwanyana ezinqamlekileyo.
11. Ukungaphumeleli kweGuatemalan, eGuatemala
Ngo-2010, kwikomkhulu lelizwe-isixeko saseGuatemala - ukuwa ngokukhawuleza komhlaba, owawuthatha umbane wamashishini amathathu waza wenza ingozi kwizakhiwo eziseduze. Ingqungquthela yokujikeleza engama-20 m ine-90 m. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto zendalo kunye ne-anthropogenic kubangele into enobungozi: izikhukula ezibangelwa yiNtshonalanga Agatha, ukuqhuma kwe-volcano yasePaaya kufuphi nomzi, kunye nokuvinjelwa kwamanzi emipuphu.
Ukuhluleka akuzange kube ngowokuqala kwiGuatemala. Ngo-2007, loo mzi wafumana ukuwa kweefanayo kwendawo ukuya kwi-100 m.
12. "ILwandle Lobungangamsha Basekuseni", eWinternet, eU.SA
Inqabileyo enhle, intwasahlobo yokuzalisa amanzi egcwele amanzi, inegama layo ngenxa yokufana kwayo kwintyatyambo ye-sorchberry, ebizwa ngokuba yi-States "inkazimulo yasekuseni." Ekuqaleni, umzobo wawucwecwe obomvu phakathi, kwindawo enzulu kakhulu, ngokukhawuleza ujika ube yintsholongwane, kunye nakwi-petioles ye-convolvulus. Kodwa kungekudala, ngenxa yokutyelela abatyeleli bephonsa iimali zemali kunye naliphi na udoti emanzini, umthombo osondeza i-geyser uye wavalwa, okhokelela ekuveliseni okungalawulwayo kweebhaktheriya kunye noshintsho oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka oluhlaza kunye nolululune. Kufuphi nomthombo, nokuba ngumqondiso ngesilumkiso malunga nemfuneko yokuba unyango olucokisekileyo lwechibi ngenxa yengozi yokutshintsha igama "ukulahlekelwa udumo".