I-Astana iyinhloko-dolobha yaseKazakhstan, emashumi ambalwa eminyaka edlulileyo ibukeka njengesixeko esiqhelekileyo saseSoviet, kwaye namhlanje ixhamle iindwendwe ezinamabala aphezulu, amahotele anesimo samanje, iivenkile zokutyela, iindawo ezibanzi kunye neentambo ezintle. Isixeko, esisempuma-mpuma yelizwe, samkela isikhundla se-capital kuphela ngo-1997. Umbono wokuthi akukho nto enokuyibona kwi-Astana, kuba intlupheko (kwaye ngokubanzi) yintlupheko kweli lizwe (ngokubanzi) liphosakeleyo. Kwaye siya kukubonisa.
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Ukuvakasha kwimbali
Intsimi eyinkunzi enkulu namhlanje ihlala kwiBronze Age. Oku kubonakala ngokufunyanwa kwezinto zakudala. I-Astana ngokwayo yasungulwa ngo-1830. Kukholelwa ukuba le nkampu yaseCossack, eyayisungulwa yi-Battle of Borodino, iFedor Shubin, ivumelekile ukuba igweme ukunqotshwa kwala mazwe ngamaqela eKokand. Emva kwexesha, iposi liphendulelwe kwisixeko esabizwa nguAkmola. Kwakhona igama latshintshwa ngo-1961 - uAkmolinsk wabizwa ngokuba yiTselinograd. Kwaye ngo-1998, xa isixeko sinikwe isikhundla se-capital, ubuyisele igama layo -Asana.
IsiXeko seKamva
Nangona iminyaka yeminyaka yeminyaka, i-Astana iye yalondoloza iindwendwe ezimbini zeepochs-amaxesha e-USSR kunye namanamhlanje. Ukuba abathandi bezinto ezidlulileyo abangekho apha ukuba "bazuze", ngoko kubalandeli befestile yexesha elizayo uhambo oluya e-Astana luyakhunjulwa ixesha elide. Yintoni ebonakalayo yeso sixeko sesixeko - inqaba "Baiterek"! "I-Poplar" (eguqulelwe igama igama lesi sakhiwo), elinamitha angama-150, lifanekisela i-Astana, ehlala iguqukayo. Umphezulu weBaiterek uhlotshiswe ibhola enkulu. Utshintsha umbala kuxhomekeke ekukhanyeni. Kwihholo lepanoramic ungabona i-globe enkulu eduze kweyiphi "iMash of Desires". Ngomgangatho obanzi wamamitha amane, isezantsi ngaphantsi kwenqaba. Kukho iindiza ezininzi, i-aquarium kunye negalari.
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Omnye ummangaliso wendalo wokwakha e Astana yiNdlu yoxolo noHarmony, eyakhiwe ngokweprojekthi yokuqala yaseNorman Foster ngendlela yepiramidi enkulu yeglasi. Umphezulu wayo uhlotshiswe ngamanani amajuba. Ezi ntaka zifanekisela abantu abahlala eKazakhstan. Namhlanje kwibhotwe kukho iindibano zokubonisa, iigalari, iholo elikhulu lekhonsathi. Ekufuphi isakhiwo yiNdlu yoBumba kunye neNdlu yoKhuseleko. Kule zakhiwo, iintlanganiso zeentloko zombuso kunye nezinye iziganeko ezisemthethweni zenziwa.
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Ukususela ngo-2009 ukuya ku-2012, ukwakhiwa kwe-mosque "uHazret Sultan" yaqhubeka e-Astana, namhlanje eyona enkulu kunazo zonke kungekhona kuphela eKazakhstan, kodwa kuyo yonke i-Central Asia. Indlela yokwakha yobuSilayam yobugcisa iyamangalisa ngokuvisisana neempahla zeKazakh. Kodwa kwiminyaka emine ngaphambili e-Astana, i-mosque enkulu yayingumsikiti "Nur Astana" kunye neemine ezine zemitha ezingama-62 kunye ne-43-meter dome. Zombini izakhiwo, ngokungathandabuzeki, zizinto ezivelele.
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Ubomi benkcubeko yentengo-ntloko ikhula namhlanje. Kwiimyuziyam ezincinci zeAspana unako ukuhlala ubona iindwendwe, kungekhona nje kuphela abavakhenkethi, kodwa nabo banomdla abanomdla kwezobugcisa kunye nembali. Amaziko adume kakhulu e-Astana yiMyuziyam yoBugcisa bobuGcisa, I-Seifullin ihlanjwe, iMyuziyam yoMongameli wokuqala we-RK, i-nation-ethno-memorial complex. Kwixesha elizayo elisondeleyo, iMyuziyam kaZwelonke yeMbali yaseKazakhstan iya kuvulwa e-Astana.
Iziko ezonwabisa, iindawo zokuzonwabisa ze-cinema, i-aquarium, iipaki ze-aqua, iisksi, i-bazaars yase-oriental, iindiyetha - inkulu yaseKazakhstan ayiyi kukukhathaza! Kwaye akukho msebenzi wokuya kwi-Astana - i-airport yehlabathi, kunye nenkonzo yesitimela, kunye ne-intersection yeendlela ezimbini zomhlaba jikelele.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iKazakhstan lizwe lokungena kwi-visa-free eRussia.