Iibhodi zeefom zeSeguin zaqulunqwa ngumgqirha waseFransi kunye no-Eduard Segen, oko kutheni bafumana igama labo. U-Segen wayebandakanyeke kwi-oligophrenopedagogics kwaye wayejongene nomsebenzi wokufumanisa abantwana abaneengxaki zeengqondo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umsebenzi wokuthetha. Ekubeni, njengommiselo, abantwana abalahlwa ngokwengqondo bahluke ngokuphulwa kombono ophicothiweyo kwaye baqondanga ukuba baxelelwe ntoni.
Ingundoqo yendlela
Indlela yeebhodi zeSeguin ngumfanekiso ogqitywe kwaye ubeke kwibhodi ekhethekileyo, ekufuneka idibaniswe kwaye ihlanganiswe. Ngelo xesha, amazinga ahlukeneyo obunzima bomsebenzi ayahluka. Umzekelo, ngokukhetha umbala, ukuma okanye ukuhlenga imifanekiso ngokuhlelwa kwezifundo (uhlobo, izilwanyana, njl.).
Ukuze ungabandakanyi ukungabi nongcongconi kumntwana ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuqonda umsebenzi, uthisha kuqala ubonisa umntwana ukuba amanani athatyathwa njani ebhodini kwaye yintoni elandelelaniswa ngayo imifanekiso. Ngexesha elifanayo, indlela ebonakalayo yokubonakalisa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa intetho isetyenziswe, kubaluleke kakhulu xa usebenza nabantwana be-oligophrenic.
Isibonelelo sikaSeguin sivumela ukuba sihlole izinga lokuphuhliswa komntwana:
- kwinqanaba lokuphuhliswa kweembono ezibonakalayo;
- umlinganiselo wokukhula kwezinto ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo kunye nezengqondo;
- ubuchule bokuqulunqa izinto ezinzima;
- izinga lokuqonda umsebenzi ocetywayo;
- nqanaba lokufunda;
- ukuba umntwana unomdla kangakanani impumelelo yesabelo.
Iibhodi zeSegen zingasetyenziselwa nje kuphela umsebenzi kunye nokuxilongwa kwabantwana abalahlwe ngokwengqondo, kodwa kwakhona njengethuluzi lokuphuhlisa abantwana. Ekubeni ukusetyenziswa kwebhodi elinjalo kunye nonina kunceda ukuphuhlisa ukucinga kwengqondo kunye nokuzithuthukisa izakhono, ezikhuthaza ukukhululwa kwentetho, kwaye ngokuzayo nokufunda ukufunda nokubhala. Ukusetyenziswa kweebhodi zeSengen kuvumela umntwana ukuba athole ingcamango yokuqala yomlo nombala.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeebhodi zeSeguin:
- ngobukhulu: ezinkulu kunye ncinane;
- (ezothutho, uhlobo, izilwanyana, imozulu, amanani, njl);
- Ibhodi kaSeguin yinto epapayi efunekayo ukuyibeka kunye nomfanekiso omnye.
Izinto ezahlukeneyo zingasetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwebhodi leSeguin:
- ngomthi;
- iplastiki;
- intsimbi epholileyo (ivakalelwa).
Umdlalo onjalo oqaqambileyo othakazelisayo unokutsala ingqalelo yintsana eneminyaka esele ikhulile. Yaye xa ufunda ibhodi kunye nomama umntwana uya kufumana ulwandle olunemizwa evelele.