I-Evergreen igumbi lokutshala elingenamkhawulo lemon lilingelo losapho lwe-rut, uhlobo lwama-citrus. Indawo yakhe yokuzalwa yiNdiya, inyawo lama-Himalaya. Ekhaya kwifestile ukukhula akukobunzima kwaye kunomdla kakhulu. Ngokunyamekela kakuhle, isiqithi sinokuvelisa iziqhamo, iziqhamo zayo zizonwabile njengoko zikhule phantsi kwelanga elisezantsi.
Iindidi zamakhemende ekamelo
I-citrus yasekhaya idonsela ngamacembe e-emerald ekhanyayo kunye neziqhamo eziluhlaza. Ikamelo lemon - inkcazo:
- isityalo sithathwa njengento esekelwe phantsi, iimpawu ezindala zifikelela kwindawo ephakamileyo ye-1.5 m;
- ehlathini kunamahlamvu anevava;
- Amagqabi anamabala ekhumba, ahlukeneyo, ajikelezayo, ayenamazinyo, athile ioli;
- Izihlandlo eziliqela ngonyaka zenza i-rosettes emancinci emhlophe (4-5 cm ububanzi) kunye neeninzi zamagqabi kunye nephunga elimnandi elihlambulula igumbi levumba elimnandi;
- ihluma ikhula iiveki ezi-5, iintyatyambo iintsuku ezingama-50;
- Ivelisa i-citrus yasekhaya esisodwa ngonyaka, kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo, ixesha lokuphuhliswa kweziqhamo liyi-200-230 iintsuku;
- isiqhamo sinombala ophuzi obomvu kunye nephunga elimnandi lemon, inyama iyinambuzane kwaye iyomuncu;
- kuphuhliso oluqhelekileyo isityalo siphucula yonke unyaka - kwintlambo yexeshana kunye nokuvelisa ama-ovari, iifom, iintyatyambo neziqhamo.
Iimmumba zamagumbi - iintlobo:
- I-Genoa, i-Panderosa ziintlobo ezithandwayo ezinokuthi zinike iziqhamo ezinkulu rhoqo;
- I-Meyer - ingathobeki, edlalwa ngokuba yi "isiqhwa saseTshayina", isiqhamo asinasilwanyana njengenye yezilwanyana;
- IPavlovsky - iindidi ezidumileyo, inika iziqhamo unyaka wonke, ubude - 1.5 m;
- I-Kursk, i-Novogruzinsky-i-citron fruiting lemons , enezityebi kwi- citrus, idinga ukunakekelwa okungakumbi ngokwemiqathango yesithsaba.
Igumbi lokukhulisa lemon
Ukukhulisa ikamelo lemon kulula ukuba ilitye. Ukubeka isiqithi, kungcono ukhethe i-window esezantsi okanye empuma ye window ifakwe ngokukhanyisa kakuhle. I-Lemon iyi-plant thermophilic, iqondo lokushisa eliphezulu kuba ngu-15-22 ° C. Ukutyala kuqhutyelwa ku bunzulu be 1-2 cm kunye nomgama we-5 cm kwiimbiza ezincinane kunye nomsele wokutsala udongwe okanye amalahle. Yiba nesityalo kwindawo eqaqambileyo, ikhula emva kweeveki ezimbini. Emva kokuvela kweentlobo ukhethe oqinileyo, gqubuthela ngejelo. Emva kokutshintshana kwamaqabunga okwenyani, i-specimen ifakwe kwisitya se-10 cm.
Umhlaba ukuze i-lemon yangaphakathi
Umhlaba onobuncwane weemulon zangaphakathi kufuneka ube yinto encane okanye ingathathi hlangothi (6-7 pH), i-aerated. Ukuze uzilungiselele kubalulekile ukwenza umxube we-turf, iqabunga lomhlaba, isanti eqhekezayo, i-humus kwisilinganiso (2: 2: 1: 1). Ungasebenzisa umhlaba weetermrus kwisitoreji, udibanise kwiindawo ezilinganayo kunye nepeat. Emva koko izakhiwo ziya kukhanya kwaye ziphefumule.
Ukuzaliswa kweelimu zangaphakathi
I-lemoni yangaphakathi, iinqununu yindlela eyaziwayo yokuvelisa. Ngokuba amahlumela entwasahlobo athathe amahlumela 10 cm ngobukhulu kunye nama-buds 3-4 kunye namaqabunga amathathu. Isebe liphathwe ngokukhuthazayo ukuphuhlisa iingcambu kwaye kufakwa emanzini iintsuku ezi-3. Ukulima kulungelele umhlaba kumhlaba omninzi, unxweme otyunyiweyo kunye nomhlaba weentyatyambo kwizabelo ezilinganayo. Izicucu zingcwatyelwe ngo-3 cm, amaqabunga omhla ngemihla, i-substrate ayifanele ibe ne-stagnation yamanzi. Ukuhluthwa kwenzeka emva kweentsuku ezingama-30-45, kwaye isityalo sinokutsalwa kwelinye ibhodwe.
Ukunakekelwa kwekhaya leLimon
Ukunyamekela igumbi lemon ibhizinisi elixakekayo. Uthanda ukukhanya okulungileyo, ukujonga ukushisa kunye nokunyusa. Ukukhula kweqabunga, ufuna ubuncinci be-17 ° C, ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kweziqhamo, iqondo lokushisa kufuneka likhuphuke libe yi-+22 ° C. Ukunyamekela ikamelo lemon libandakanya umbutho wokukhanyisa kakuhle. Ukukhanya kwelanga kufuneka kuwele ehlathini 2 iiyure ngosuku. Kuloo mthi akazange ahlambuluke, zonke iintsuku ezili-10 kufuneka zijikelezwe nge-10 ° malunga ne-axis yayo. Ebusika, ngokufutshane emini - ukulungisa ukukhanyisa ngoncedo lwezibane.
Ukuprintwa kweelimu zangaphakathi
Ukucwenga rhoqo kunconywa ukuba ihlathi lenze isithsaba esihle. Indlela yokunyamekela ikamelo lemon:
- Ngomnyaka wokuqala wobomi isityalo sinika u-30 cm;
- kwixesha lesibini entwasahlobo i-pruner kufuneka isinqume, ishiye ukuphakama kwama-20 cm, ngelixa umthi uza kuqala ukukhulula amaqabunga asemgangathweni;
- Amahlumela aphantsi kufuneka anqunywe, ashiya ezintathu eziphezulu - ziya kwenza i-skeleton yenkcubeko;
- Ngomnyaka ozayo benza okufanayo kunye namasebe angasemva - atshwankxiwe ukukhuthaza ukuphuhliswa kweentombi zeentombi, ngoko ke kusekho amahlumela ambalwa aphezulu;
- Igumbi lemon lithatha imbonakalo enhle kunye neentonga ukuya kwi-5-6 branching;
- kwixesha elizayo, ngokukhawuleza ukukhupha okukhulayo okanye ukukususa.
Indlela yokutya ikamelo lemon?
I-Citrus ekhaya kufuneka iqulethe. Yondla imithi xa ifikelela kwiminyaka eyi-2-3 ubudala. Izichumisi ezixilisayo zisebenzisa izixhobo ezincinci zamaminerali kwixesha lasehlobo-ehlobo ephindwe kabini ngenyanga. Ukususela phakathi kwekwindla, ukwakheka kwenziwa rhoqo kwiiveki ezi-6. Kwiiyure ezimbini ngaphambi kokufaka isichumisi, umgca we-substrate ebhodweni kubalulekile ukumanzi ngamanzi acocekileyo.
Ukusuka kwendalo, umthi unqwenela ukukhutshwa kwe-ash ash, i-birch infusion (i-half-can of leaves) ithululelwa ngamanzi kwaye ikhulile iintsuku ezingama-2-3) ihlanjululwe ngamaxesha ama-5-6 kunye nomquba omtsha. Isichumiso se-organic for lemon yangaphakathi senziwa ngesantya esifanayo njengokwenziwa kwamaminerali. Ukuba kukho ukukhula okunzulu kobuninzi obuninzi obunobungozi bezityalo, i-nitrogen kufuneka isuswe kwi-feedings kunye ne-phosphorous component eyongeziweyo;
Ukunisela igumbi lemon
Ngaphambi kokunyamekela lemon ekamelweni, kubalulekile ukufundisisa imigaqo yokunyusa kwayo. Ukususela ngoMeyi ukuya kuSeptemba, i-citrus yasekhaya idinga ukuthambisa ngokulinganayo yonke imihla, ebusika iyancitshiswa ibe kanye ngeveki. Umthi uhambelana namanzi angabanda, agcinwe ama-5 iiyure. Dlulela phezu komhlaba wonke webhoyi. Isityalo sithanda ukufafaza ngamanzi abilisiweyo afudumele, ngakumbi ebusika, ukuba ukufudumeza iinkqubo zisebenza. I-citrus, umoya "omanzi" ojikelezayo isithsaba ibaluleke ngaphezu kokunyusa okungaphezulu komhlaba.
Izifo zeemmori kwigumbi
Izifo ezahlukileyo zegumbi lemon ekhaya zingabangelwa zizilwanyana ezinobungozi kunye nezilwanyana ezinambuzane - iifungi, ii-virus, ii-bacteria, i-mycoplasmas, iipasasites. Iibhokhwe ezichaphazelekayo zibonakala ziphosakeleyo ezimbi - ukuchithwa, ukutshatyalaliswa kweziqhamo kunye namahlamvu, amabala, ama-outgrowths, ukubola. Izifo ezichaphazelekayo zezifo zithathwa ngumoya, izinambuzane, amaconsi amanzi ngexesha lokunkcenkceshela nokunisela. Amaxesha amaninzi ayichaphazelekile imithi, ngoko ke xa ukuhlakulela kubalulekile ukubonelela ngononophelo olufanelekileyo, xa kuvela ingxaki - ukulwa nayo.
Kutheni amaqabunga aphuzi egumbini lemon?
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukunakekelwa okungafanelekanga kukhokelela kwisifo seelimu zangaphakathi, amaqabunga aphendukile. Kukho izizathu ezininzi:
- Ukungabikho kwezondlo. I-calcium inoxanduva lwenkqubo yeengcambu, i-phosphorus inceda ekwakheni iziqhamo ezimnandi, i-nitrogen ithinta umbala ophilileyo wamagqabi, kunye ne-potassium ikhuthaza ukunyusa kwayo ngokuqhelekileyo. Ukusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza kwezichumisi kunye nezinto ezinjalo ziya kunceda ukukhusela ukuhluma kwemahlamvu.
- Ukungabi nokukhanya. Igumbi lemon lidinga usuku lweeyure eziyi-12, ukuba lufutshane - ukukhanya kwakhona kuya kunceda ngesibane se-fluorescent.
- Ukugqithisa ukukhanya, ilanga elikhanyayo litshisa amaqabunga. Umthi kufuneka uhanjiswe kwindawo e-shaded.
- Ukungabikho kokunyamezela kubangela iingcebiso eziphuzi zamagqabi. Kuyimfuneko ukuqhuba ukutshiza kweso sityalo ngokuncedisa i-atomizer. Kuwusizo kufuphi nebhodi ukugcina amanzi kwisitya esicacileyo sokukhupha. Ehlotyeni, kanye ngeveki, isityalo siyanconywa ukuba sihlanjululwe phantsi kwesitya.
- Utshintsho olushushu lokushisa, iiprojekti, ukusondeleka kwezixhobo zokufudumala kungakhokelela ekuqhelweni kweqabunga lamahlamvu. Emva koko kufuneka ulahlekise izinto ezinjalo ezimbi.
Kutheni amaqabunga awela kwigumbi lemon?
Iimeko ezingathandekiyo zokugcina ihlathi zikhokelela ekubeni uyaqala ukulahla amaqabunga. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kwenzekayo ekwindla-ebusika. Amaqabunga aphilileyo emthini, ikhula kakuhle kwaye ikhula, ngokutsho kwenani labo kwaye igwebe imeko yehlathi. Kwezinye iimeko, izityalo zibuyiselwe ngokuzimeleyo, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqeda imbangela yento engathandekiyo. Ukuba igumbi lemon lilahlile amaqabunga, kufuneka yenziwe ntoni:
- ukuba kukho ukungabikho kokunyamezela, velisa isityalo ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye ungavumeli ukuba umhlaba ume;
- ukuba isityalo asikhanyanga - sisebenzisa izibane ezongezelelweyo;
- Ungakhupheli i-hypothermia yeengcambu, amanzi amanzi kwihlathi kuphela ngamanzi afudumeleyo;
- ukuba ibhodlo elitshiweyo - ihlathi kufuneka lifakwe kwisitya esikhulu (2-4 cm);
- ukulawula ukuba emhlabathini akukho mfuneko yomswakama, obangela ukubola kweengcambu;
- ukuhlola umthi kwiintlobo zezinambuzane, ukuba zifunyenwe, ukuba zenze unyango.
Izifo zengxube zangaphakathi zemon lemon
Kwamanye amaxesha, amahlamvu emahlumela ayaba ne-sticky - njengokungathi ahlanjululwe ngesiraphu, iifristal zingase zenzeke. Esi sifo senza i-scutellum, ihleli emthini. Ngonyango olungalindelekanga kwinqwelo edibeneyo i-sooty fungus eboniswa kumasebe, iziqu kunye namaqabunga omnyama maculae, kufakwa ngaphandle kwonyango isityalo sitshabalalisa.
Ukuphelisa amaqabunga e-plaque ukusula ngesisombululo seoli ye-transformer (6 ml nge-1 litre yamanzi). Emva kweentsuku ezingama-5-7, unyango luphindaphindiwe. Isisombululo sisusa isambatho esinamathele kwaye sibulala intsha. Ungasebenzisa enye indlela yokuphatha i-lemon - ukunakekelwa kwezityalo kwendawo yokutshiza nge-carbofox okanye isisombululo senkunkuma. Unyango lwenziwe ngamaxesha amathathu kunye nexesha eli-7.
Izilwanyana ze-lemon yangaphakathi
Iziqhamo zeCitrus nazo zingonakaliswa zizidalwa ezinambuzane. Ukukhulisa ikamelo lemon, kufuneka ukwazi indlela yokulwa:
- Izihlangu. Ngobukho babo, amaqabunga ayawa, amasebe omile, isityalo siyafa. Izinambuzane zihlambulukileyo ngebhayisiki, amaqabunga ahlanjwe nge-sulphu emulsion (2 tbsp yesisombululo samanzi kwi-1 l yamanzi), amanzi a-garlic (iintloko ezi-7-8 ezihlanjululwayo zithathwa kwiibhakethi zamanzi iiyure ezingama-24).
- Spider mite. Kufumaneka ngaphantsi kweqabunga, ngokukhawuleza ukukhupha yonke inkcubeko. Xa kunesihlunu kuyimfuneko ukuphalaza umthi ngesisombululo se "Aktelika", phinda kathathu ngexesha leentsuku ezili-10.
- Powdery mulberry. Ipheka kwimifuno, ikhokelela ekutsheni iqabunga elinyukayo kunye nokuqhekeka kweziqhamo. Isityalo kufuneka sihlolwe kwaye sihlanjwe ngesandla ngamaphule.
- Aphids. Udla amaqonga amahlumela. Isityalo kufuneka sitshathwe kathathu (iintsuku ezili-10) kunye nesisombululo se "Aktelik". Ekufuphi ungayifaka ibhodwe yaseGeranium. Kuya kunceda ukutshiza ngegalikhi yamanzi.
- Thrips. Zibukeka njengeendiza ezincinci ezimnyama, zingabhabha, zithwale ii-virus. Ukutshatyalaliswa, ihlathi lihlanjwe phantsi kwesitya, liphathwa nge-sulphu emulsion.
- Whitefly. Izibungu zifumaneka kwicandelo elincinane lamaqabunga. Ihlathi lihlanjululwa ngama- insecticide ubuncinane amaxesha amahlanu emva kweentsuku ezintathu.