Nangona ukuba i-raspberries ekhulayo idinga ukunakekelwa rhoqo, inokufunyanwa phantse nayiphi na iprojekthi yecala, njengoko amajikijolo ayo ayinayo nje into enhle kakhulu, kodwa iyanceda kakhulu, ingakumbi kubanda. Unokutyala izityalo ze-raspberry nganoma naliphi ixesha lonyaka (ngaphandle kwebusika), kodwa kufuneka uwazi imithetho nemigaqo yokutyala ngexesha elithile.
Kule nqaku, siza kuqwalasela indlela yokutshala ngokufanelekileyo izityalo ze-raspberry ekwindla kwaye kutheni eli xesha libhekwa njengeyona nto yokutshala.
Inzuzo yokutshala i-raspberry kwindla
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukugqiba ngeliphi ixesha lonyaka (ekwindla okanye entwasahlobo) kungcono ukutshala ama-raspberries? Unako, ngenxa yoko kufuneka uthelekise iimeko zokusinda kwezityalo ezitshalwa.
Isinyithi kwizityalo siqala ukunyanzelana okukhulu kweentshisi ezikulo trunk. Iingcambu zezihlahla ezinokutsha zityalwe zikwazi ukuhlangabezana nokubonelela ngezinto ezifunekayo kunye nokunyamezela, ngoko ke kubi ngaphezu kokufumana. Oku akukwenzekayo xa utyala izityalo ze-raspberry ekwindla, xa inkqubo yeengcambu ikhula, inceda ekuqaliseni isiqithi. Olunye umva wokutyala kwentwasahlobo kukuxhomekeke kwimozulu, ekubeni entwasahlobo ibonakaliswa ngokuhlukahluka okukhulu, kwaye ekwindla, ukushisa kwezulu, kunokushushu kwamazulu.
Kodwa ukuba ukutshala kwama-raspberries nganoma naliphi ixesha lonyaka kuphumelele, into ebaluleke kakhulu kukulandela imithetho ye-teknoloji yezolimo.
Imithetho yokutyala i-raspberries ekwindla
Ukwindla kwekwindla, iinkqubo zenkomo zonyaka ezindala zisetyenzisiweyo, zikhulile kwiingcambu zezityalo ze-uterine ezivela kwiinney ze-adnexal. Bavunwa ekwindla kwaye batyalwe ngokukhawuleza. Ukutyala kuyimfuneko ukuhlolisisa iingcambu zezilwanyana ezilungiselelwe, ukunqunyulwa okonakalisiweyo kunye nokude kakhulu. Ukuba ngenxa yokutshala, izityalo ze-raspberry zaqala kakuhle ekuwa, ezi zilandelayo ziphakamiso mazimele zilandelwe:
1. Khetha indawo efanelekileyo: kunye nomhlaba omanzi, ococekileyo ococekileyo, kwaye ukhuselwe kakuhle emoyeni.
2. Kungcono ukuqala ukutyala xa iifom zokutshintshwa zivela kwikhola yengcambu (ixesha lokubonakala kwazo kuxhomekeke kwiindidi). Oku kungagqitywa ngokuwa kwamacembe, okubonisa ukuphela kokukhula kwezityalo. Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokutshala i-raspberries ekwindla yingxenye yesibini kaSeptemba-Oktobha, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo iiveki ezimbini ngaphambi kokuba umhlaba ukhululeke.
3. Kubalulekile ukulungiselela umhlaba:
- ukumba kunye nomgangatho wendawo ekhethiweyo;
- ukumba umsele 30 cm ubude, 1 m ububanzi kunye nobude obuyidingayo;
- yizalise ngomhlaba ovuthiweyo ngomquba, i-humus okanye i- compost .
4. Ngenxa yokuba le shrub ikhula endaweni enye malunga neminyaka eyi-10-12, kungcono ukutshala i-raspberry ehlathini ngokuhambelana nesicwangciso sokutyalwa kwangaphambili, esichaza ukuba phakathi kwemigangatho kufuneka ibe yi-1.5-2 m, kunye phakathi kwamahlathi 50-70 bonayo
5. Xa uhlehla emgodini wokuhlawulela, iingcambu kufuneka zilungiswe kwaye zibukele ukuze xa ulala ingcambu ingaphenduli phezulu.
Emva kokutshala, imbewu kufuneka ifakwe kunye nomxube wezondlo (umhlaba, ibhakethi eli-1 le-humus (umquba), 50 g ye- superphosphates kunye ne-10-12 g ye-potassium chloride) kwaye yanyathelwa ukuze intamo yengcambu ihlale kwinqanaba lomhlaba.
7. I-Trim, ishiya i-15 cm ngaphezulu komhlaba. Ukutyala okunjalo kwama-raspberries ngethuba lokutyala kuyimfuneko ekuphuhlisweni kwenkqubo yengcambu ye-raspberry.
8. Phalaza isiqingatha ibhakethi yamanzi phantsi kwehlathi ngalinye.
9. Isipinashi ngasinye sihlwele ngamapentimitha 10-12 ukukhusela
10. Gweba yonke indawo yomhlaba phantsi kwe-raspberry peat, i-sawdust, ifilimu emnyama ye-polyethylene okanye i-straw eqoshiwe. Umgangatho wokutyala unokutshekishwa ngokunyanzelisa ukunyuka kwembewu phezulu: ukuba ihlala ilukhuni, ke ityalwe ngokungalunganga kwaye kufuneka ifakwe ngokutsha ukuze ingafi ebusika.
Ukutshala okufanelekileyo okuyi-raspberries ekuwa kunye nokuzinyamekela kakuhle kwixesha elizayo kuza kukunika isivuno esikhulu sonyaka salesi berry esiphucukileyo nesempilweni.