Izazinzulu uStephen Hawking ufuna umthetho ubenqande abantu ukuba bahambe ngexesha, kwaye uyazi ukwenza.
Umatshini okhethekileyo ovumela ukuba uhambe kwixesha elidlulileyo okanye elizayo, unandipha ukuthandwa ngabantu abasemaphandleni nabalobi. Iingcali zenzululwazi zenza izibikezelo eziqapheleyo kuphela, zithembisa ukuba zakhiwe ubuncinci ngo-2120, kodwa kukho ubungqina obunzima bokuthi baqhinga kwaye bafihla inyaniso yinyani ...
1. Ubukho balo bubonakaliswa yiyona nkcazelo yesayensi kwihlabathi-mathematics
Xa bebumbene, iqela lezinzululwazi ezivela eUnited States naseCanada liye ladala imodeli esebenzayo ngokupheleleyo yomshini wexesha ngokusekelwe kwimithetho yemathematika. Yifom ifanele ibonakale njengebhokisi okanye ibhola yesepha, phakathi kwendawo apho "umgibeli" ubeka khona. Xa uyilo lwakhiwe ngokukhawuleza kwindlela ejikelezayo, idlula kwisikhala kunye nexesha. Umsebenzi wakhe unako ukubonga ngombono wobudlelwane be-Einstein, obonakalisa ukuba kwindalo yethu kukho iindondo ezinjengexesha apho kunokwenzeka ukuhamba-ukuhamba.
2. Abahamba ngexeshana bayafa ngenxa yeengcamango
I-lighthouse yesiseko somkhosi kwisixeko saseMontauk e-New York namhlanje ingahanjelwa naliphi na ukhenketho, kuba liphakathi kweendawo zembali. Kwaye uyonwabela ukuthandwa, kuba bubungqina bokwenene beli thuba ukuya kwelinye ixesha. Umjelo weTV we-BBC ude wanikela ngokusasazwa kwenzululwazi kwindlu yokukhanya, eyake yaqhuba iimvavanyo zemfihlo "yeProjekthi yeMontanuk."
Ukususela ngo-1943 ukuya ku-1983, izifundo zaxiliswa nge-frequency radio-pulses, ezathi, ngokubhekiselele kwingcamango yeqela lezenzululwazi zaseMelika, kwakufuneka zibancede zibuyele ngexesha. Uninzi lwabantu abavame ukuzama ukuhamba luye lwaxhamla kwaye lwafa ngenxa yeengxoxo, ngelixa abanye - belahlekile. Urhulumente waseUnited States wagqiba ekubeni aphephe ama-scandals kwaye aphewule ngokukhawuleza iphrojekthi.
3. Kwixesha elizayo kwanokutyelela umlawuli waseTshayina!
NgoDisemba 2008, abavubukuli baseTshayina bavusa ingcwaba likaMbusi uSi Xing, owahlala ehleli iminyaka engama-400. Ngaphambi, inzululwazi yayingaphelelekanga, okwenza kube nzima ukuvula ingcwaba. Kulo, iimbali-mlando zifumene umxholo omangalisayo, njengokungathi udluliselwe ukusuka kwelinye ixesha. Ihlabathi lajikeleza iifoto zewashi ngesimo sengcongolo ngokubhaliweyo "okwenziwa eSwitzerland". Ngokomgaqo we-serial kwakunokwenzeka ukuba uqonde ukuba umlindo wenziwa eSwitzerland malunga neminyaka eyi-100 edlulileyo. Kodwa baphumelela njani ethuneni elitywinwe ngokukhuselekileyo? Iingcamango ezinesibindi ziqinisekisa ukuba umbusi wayehamba ngexesha okanye watyelelwa ngumvakalisi ongaziwayo kwixesha elizayo.
4. Iinqanawa zaseMerika zazingakwazi ukuhamba kungekuphela kwexesha, kodwa nakwiindawo
Ukuzama ukutshintsha isiphumo seMfazwe Yehlabathi II, umkhosi wase-US wagqiba kwi-"Philadelphia test". Kwakufanele ukuba yimfihlo, njengoko yayijoliswe ekunqobeni umkhosi waseJamani. Iingcali zenzululwazi zenze iimvavanyo zobugcisa, ngokokuba iinqanawa ze-Navy zazingabonakali kwiidradars zentshaba. Ngokusobala, ezinye iimpazamo zenziwe ngokubala: zazilahlekile eFiladelphia, zavela eVirginia, zithatha umhlala phantsi zivela kummandla wobukhulu ngamakhulu eekhilomitha. I-crew yabashenxisi baxakeka kwi-space emva "kohambo" olunjalo olufunyenwe ludangele, kwaye iphrojekthi yavalwa ngaphandle kwengxolo engadingekile.
5. Igosa laseBritani laliqikelele ukulungiswa kwendawo yamandla
Ngomnyaka we-1935, uSir Victor Goddard, igosa laseBrithani Royal Air Force, wanyuka kwi-airfield e-Edinburgh. Wayeqinisekile ukuba wayekade elahliwe kwaye kwakungekho mnye umphefumlo ophilileyo kwindawo yakhe yokuhlala. Xa esondela kwinqanaba le-airfield, wabona umzila okhutshiwe, oomatshini bokusebenza kunye neenqwelo ezintsha. Esikhundleni sombala omnyama oqhelekileyo, babemhlophe. Ewe, akukho mntu wamkholelwa uVictor, kodwa emva kweminyaka emine ulawulo olutsha lwamabutho emoyeni lunyanzelisa i-moya ukuba ibuyise yonke into ibe yilephu iphinde iqalise umsebenzi wendawo yamandla.
6. U-Hipster, oye wafika ngo-1941
Ngowe-1941, kwathathwa ifoto, ubuqiniso bokuba bubuzwe ngamaxesha amaninzi - kwaye kaninzi kangangoko izazinzulu zibonise ukuba umfanekiso awuzange ulandelwe. U-Hipster, wabonakala ngokumangalisayo ekuvuleni kweBridge Bridge eCanada, elahlekile kwisihlwele, kodwa yabonwa ngumfanekiso wezithombe. Uhluke kwabanye abantu abasemfanekisweni kunye neengubo zakhe kunye nezesekeli: i-t-shirt eneprinta, izibuko zelanga kunye nekhamera ephathekayo engayi kuba kwi-40 ye-XX yenkulungwane.
7. I-Enigmatic Affair yeCrapivin
Kwiziko lovimba beTobolsk nabani na onokungazi kakuhle ityala elingamangalisa lomntu othile waseKrapivin, owayegcinwe ngo-Agasti 28, 1897 kwesinye isitrato somzi, kuba wayegqoke ngokugqithiseleyo. Ngethuba lophando, wabaxelela ukuba wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 14, 1965 e-Angarsk kwaye usebenza njengomqhubi wekhompyutha. Ngenxa yokuba lo msebenzi, ukuba ukubonakala kwendoda kubangele ukuphazamiseka, wabanjwa njengentlola. Kwaye ubungqina bokuthi wayelahlekelwe ngumsebenzi ongenakunceda, kodwa wavuka kwelinye ixesha nakwezinye iindawo. UCrapivin wagqiba iintsuku zakhe kwindlu yezindlu.
8. Amava angaphumeleli ngexesha lokuhamba
Abantu baseMelika banokuthathwa njengenkokeli kwinani leemvavanyo kunye nexesha lokuhlala kwesikhala. Iindaba zeHlabathi zeveki ziqulethe malunga nokulahlekelwa iqela lezinzululwazi ezincinci kunye nezigwenxa ezithe zazama ukuzama ukufudukela kwixesha elidlulileyo. Benyuka nge-capsule kuloluhambo kwaye bafaka i-rat kuyo. Xa i-rat ibuyile imizuzwana embalwa kamva, yayibonakala ikhuthele kwaye iphilile.
Emva koko indawo yakhe yanquma ukuthatha enye yeenkwenkwezi zesayensi zekamva. Xa engakwazi ukubuyela kwi-laboratory, oogxa bakhe baqhubela kwi-archives yaseNew York baza bafumanisa ukuba ngo-1918 iphephandaba elithi "I-Courier Police" yabhala ngesidumbu esingaqhelekanga somntu kwi-capsule, ephaketheni yakhe yafumana ifowuni. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwingxelo yabhalwa "njengesifundo esingaqhelekanga" kwaye indlela yesicelo sayo yahlala ingacaciswanga kubakhonzi bomthetho wokuqala kwe-XX leminyaka.
9. Amagosa awenza iphutha kwimfazwe
Ngomnyaka we-1944, kwiGulf of area yaseFinland, iqela lamaTanitary aseSoviet lafumana ngengozi ihlathi elinenkampani yabanqwelana abathandwayo, ngokungathi zivela kude. Ekuqaleni umkhosi wagqiba ekubeni babe ngamaqhekeza, kodwa bamangaliswa ukuba abantu abathintekayo bathatyelwa njani amatanki. Babecingwa njengeentlola, ngakumbi ukususela ngexesha lokuphanda bathetha isiFrentshi. Kwavela ukuba bonke bakhonza emkhosini waseNapoleon, kwaye ngexesha lokubuyela eMoscow bangena enkonzweni eqinile kwaye balahlekelwa ngabahlobo babo. Xa baphuma kubantu, bafumana e-USSR ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini.
10. Ukuthintela ukuhamba kwexesha kufezwe ngososayensi omkhulu kwihlabathi
Ingcamango ephilayo yesayensi yanamhlanje, uStephen Hawking, iminyaka engama-50, iholele ukubambisana kwezesayinari, ukugxininisa ukuvalwa komthetho ngexesha lokuhamba. UStefano akalahlekelwa yithemba lokufezekisa oko akufunayo, kuba akafuni ukuvula iimfihlakalo kumagqwetha kunye nabasemagunyeni abenza ukuhamba okunjalo. I-physicist ayithandi ukuhleka usulu ngale nto kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ayikwazi ukucatshangelwa ingcolile.