Xa umntwana egula, abazali bakhe, kunye nogogo kunye nezinye izalamane ziqala ukugqiba ukuba ngubani oza kuba naye ekhaya. Ngokuqhelekileyo esi sigqibo senziwa ngokuqwalasela ukuba ngubani okhuselweyo kangcono ngemali, oko kukuthi, ngubani osebenzayo kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo zokuhlawula uluhlu olugulayo. Kule nqaku, siya kukuxelela malunga nendlela umntwana ogulayo ehlawulwa ngayo ukunakekelwa kwabantwana, kubandakanywa nabakhubazekile, e-Ukraine naseRashiya, kwaye apho imeko umqeshi unelungelo lokungahoywa iimfuno zakho zokuhlawula imali.
Ukuhlawulwa kwekhefu eligulayo lokunyamekela abantwana
Ngokuqhelekileyo, kubalulekile ukuba abazali bazi ukuba ngaba unakekeli wekhefu lokugula uhlawulwa kwiintsapho zakhe ezingekho amalungu omtshato osondeleyo. Ngokomthetho okhoyo weRashiya ne-Ukraine, ukuba umntwana uyagula, naliphi na ilungu elikhubazekileyo lentsapho lakhe lungafumana uluhlu lokukhubazeka ngexesha lokugula kwakhe, kunye nomlamli okanye umgcini kwintsapho ekhulayo. Ngelo xesha, ngokwemithetho ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntu omdala onomdla onomntwana ungumhlobo wegazi, akunakulungelekile.
Kubazali abanabantwana abaninzi ngexesha le sifo kubantwana ababini okanye ngaphezulu, amaphepha amaninzi okukhubazeka, kumntwana ngamnye, okanye ngomntwana omnye, unokukhutshwa kanye kanye. Oku kugqitywa ngumama nobawo, becinga ukuba ngubani olahlekelwa ngumsebenzi ngelixa abantwana begula. Ukuba umama uhlala nabo bonke abantwana, unikwe isibhedlele esinye, esibonisa idatha yabo bonke abantwana bakhe abagulayo. Ukuba, umzekelo, umntwana omnye useziko lonyango kunye nonina kwaye omnye uphathwa ekhaya, kwaye uyise uyamjonga, umzali ngamnye unikezelwa uluhlu lwakhe olugulayo negama lenye yeintsana.
Kwezinye iimeko, umqeshi unelungelo lokugatya amabango akho kwiholo lokugula, njengale:
- kwixesha lokonyango lwenyana yakho okanye intombi esele iseneminyaka eli-15 ubudala, esibhedlele okanye esibhedlele kunoma yiphina iziko lempilo;
- ngexesha lokushiya, kwaye akuhlawulwanga ukuba lihlawulwe.
Kuzo zonke ezinye iimeko, uluhlu lokungafaneleki emsebenzini lufanele luhlawulwe kumama wengane okanye nakweyiphi na isihlobo esinyanzele ukuba siphumelele umsebenzi ngexesha le sifo. Okwangoku, phantsi kwemithetho yaseRashiya ne-Ukraine, kukho imingcele ethile.
Ngaloo ndlela, e-Ukraine, iphepha lokukhubazeka komntu onakekela umntwana omncinci lihlawulwa kuphela ukuya kwiminyaka eyi-14 kunye neentsuku eziyi-14 kuphela zokuhlala komntwana ngexesha lokugula. Ukuba umntwana wakho usebhedlele ngexesha lokugula, eli xesha lihlawulwa.
E-Rashiya, unako "ukuhlala" esibhedlele ukunyamekela intombi yakho, unyana okanye esinye isihlobo esincinci de uneminyaka eyi-18 ubudala. Ngelo xesha, ngamanye amaxesha kuhlawulwa kuphela, ngokwemiqathango:
- xa ukhathalela imvuthu ukuya kwiminyaka eyi-7 - kwixesha elipheleleyo, kodwa kungengaphezulu kweentsuku ezingama-60 ngonyaka;
- ukususela kwiminyaka emi-7 ukuya kwe-15-iintsuku ezili-15 kwixesha lesinye isiqhelo sesi sifo kwaye kungekho ngaphezu kweenyanga kunye nesiqingatha kwinyanga;
- uluhlu lokungakwazi ukunyamekela umntwana oneminyaka engaphantsi kwe-15 ubudala kufuneka luhlawulwe ngokupheleleyo. Ngethuba elifanayo, ubude beentsuku ezihlawulwayo ngenxa yokugula komntwana ongekho ngaphaya kwe-120 ngonyaka;
- Ukunyangwa kwekhaya kwintombazana okanye inkwenkwe engaphezu kweminyaka eyi-15 phantsi kolawulo logqirha, iphepha lokukhubazeka lihlawulwa kuphela kwiintsuku ezintathu zokuqala.
Kwamazwe amabini, isixa sokufumana isibonelelo sokugula kuxhomekeke ngokukhawuleza kwithuba lomsebenzi we-inshurensi yamaqumrhu. Kwimeko xa idlula iminyaka eyi-8, isibonelelo sexesha lohlu lokugula kufuneka lilingane ne-100% yomvuzo omyinge. Ngoko ke, kubantu abane-irekhodi yomshuwalense yeminyaka emi-5 ukuya kwe-8, eli nani li-80%, kunye nalabo abangasebenzi kunye neminyaka emi-5, i-60%.
Kukho nawuphi na, isicwangciso esinjalo sokubala sisetyenziselwa ukubala isibonelelo seentsuku ezili-10 kwiphepha lokukhubazeka. Zonke iintsuku ezalandelayo zihlawulwa ngokusekelwe kwi-50% yemvuzo.