Ukukhulelwa kokukhulelwa kwenzeka ngo-15-20% wabo bonke oomama abalindeleyo. Esi sifo sihamba kunye nokunyuka kwexinzelelo lwegazi, i-edema, ukuphulwa kweentso. Ukuphulwa okunjalo kuyichaphazela kakhulu inzala kwaye kubangele ukufa kwabantwana.
Yintoni i-gestosis ekukhulelweni?
Oogqirha beGestosis babiza i-syndrome, apho kukho ukuphulwa komsebenzi weenkqubo ezininzi zeenxalenye (isibindi, izintso, inkqubo ye-nervous, cardiovascular). Ingxaki iyimpawu zesigxina sesibini seminyaka yobudala. Ngokumalunga nale nto, inkcazo ye "toxicosis" isetyenziswa rhoqo - ekukhuleleni le nkcaso rhoqo. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba lesi sifo sikhula ikakhulukazi kwabasetyhini ababengaphambili, ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, iingxaki zempilo. Eli rhu lumente liyabangela:
- isifo sesibindi;
- Izifo zesifo seentso kunye namanzi;
- ukukhubazeka kwesimo senhliziyo.
I-Toxicosis ngokukhulelwa kokugqibela-izizathu
Kuyinto engafanelekanga ukuphendula, ngenxa yokuba kukho i-gestosis ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ngasekupheleni kwexesha, oogqirha abanako. Kule akhawunti, kukho iingcamango ezininzi zokuphuhliswa kwesifo kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo:
- Iingqungquthela ziyi-vinculum theory. Ngokutsho kwakhe, isifo luhlobo lwe-neurosis. Ikhula ngenxa yokuphulwa kwendlela yokusebenzisana kwe-subcortex yecerebral kunye ne-cortex. Oku kubangela ukuphulwa kwenkqubo ye-vascular, ukusasazwa kwegazi.
- I-Endocrine theory. Abaxhasayo bayo bathi ukuphulwa kweenkqubo zokulawula, ukungaphumeleli kwenkqubo yokujikeleza kwikhokelela ekutshintsheni komsebenzi weentlanzi ze-endocrine. Ukuchithwa yizinto eziphilayo zichaphazela ithoni yeempahla kunye ne-viscosity yegazi.
- Iimbono ze-Genetic. Ngokutsho kweengxelo zemizimba yezityalo ezenza uhlalutyo olucacileyo phakathi kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo abane-gestosis, i-disorder idla ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubasetyhini abanomama abanesifo esi sifo.
- Umbono we-Placental. Isekelwe ekuphuhlisweni kweenguqu kwiisetomy ze-uterus, ezondla i-placenta. Le meko ibangela ukukhululwa kwezinto ezisebenzayo eziphazamisa ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwinkqubo ye-vascular body body.
Xa iqala ukuthatha i-toxicosis?
Abasetyhini abanenkxalabo malunga nekamva lomntwana kunye nenkqubo yesiganeko ngokubanzi, ngokuqhelekileyo banomdla kulo mbuzo, ngeliphi ixesha ixesha elizayo emva kokukhulelwa kwesifo sokukhulelwa kukhula. Oogqirha baphendula iiveki ezingama-20, kodwa qaphela ukuba ukukhulelwa konke kunokwakhe okukhethileyo, ngoko ke ingxaki leyo ingahlakulela kwangaphambili. Ngokomzekelo, ngokutsho koogqirha, ukukhubazeka kuqhubeka ngaphambili xa kunokukhulelwa okubanzi kwaye kunzima kakhulu (iimpawu zokuqala zivele zivele ngeveki 16).
Ubunzima be-gestosis ekukhulelweni okulandelayo kuyancitshiswa. Ngethuba elifanayo, ngokugqithiseleyo ingxaki yenzeke kwaye kamva ukuphuhliswa kwayo kwabonwa, amathuba okuphuhliswa kwezilwanyana kunye nokuziphatha okuphindaphindiweyo. Ingozi eyongeziweyo yegestosis iyaphawulwa xa:
- ukuthwala iziqhamo ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu;
- uneminyaka engaphantsi kwama-20 nangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-35;
- ubukho kwimbali yomama yokuphulwa okunjalo.
Iyintoni ingozi yokutshatyalaliswa kwe-toxicosis emva kokukhulelwa?
I-Pathology iyichaphazela kakubi inkqubo yokugaya, imeko yezempilo yowesifazane okhulelweyo. Oomama bokamva baya kuba nokuphazamiseka emsebenzini weenkqubo ezininzi zomzimba. Impembelelo enkulu iwela ezintsheni, isibindi, imiphunga, inkqubo ye-nervous. Ukuxelela, zeziphi iingxaki ezinokwenzeka kwi-toxicosis ekupheleni kokukhulelwa, kuyimfuneko ukwaba:
- ukuwohloka kombono;
- ukwakheka kwe-thrombi;
- edema yecerebral ;
- ukuhluleka kwentliziyo ;
- ukunyanzelisa amanzi emzimbeni.
Ukongeza, i-toxicosis kwimigqaliselo kamva inefuthe kwinkqubo yokwenza isisu ngokwazo. Ngokutsho koogqirha, nge-gestosis elula, kuya kuyingqungquthela i-gestosis, ukuqala komsebenzi kubangelwa kwi-10% yamatyala, kwaye kwiimeko ezinzima ukuxhatshazwa kwengxaki yokukhulelwa kufinyelela ku-20%. Ukudlobongela kudla ngokukhokelela ekuphazamiseni ngokukhawuleza kwamaplacental , okuyingozi ngenxa yokuphazamiseka okupheleleyo kwenkqubo yokugaya.
Ukwahlula kwe-toxicosis emva kokukhulelwa
I-toxicosis emfutshane, ngokuxhomekeka kwindlela yokuphuhliswa, ikwahlula kwiindidi ezi-2:
- I gestosis echanekileyo - ihlala ivela kwiiveki ezingama- 36 kwaye emva koko, ihlala kwiiveki ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3. Ulwaphulo-mthetho luphambili - luvela kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo ababengenayo ingxaki zempilo. Ukukhubazeka kuqala kancane, iimpawu eziqhakazileyo azikho. Kukho i-edema encinci yemilenze, ukunyuka okungaqinisekiyo kwingcinezelo yegazi, kumchamo kukho impawu zeprotheni. Utshintsho kwisibindi, iinkqubo zokuphefumula kunye neendlela zokujikeleza azikho.
- Gestosis ehlangeneyo. Iqala kwangaphambili kunokucoceka, malunga neveki ye-20, inexesha elide (iiveki ezi-6). Ingabonakaliswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeka kwimvelaphi yoluphi uhlobo lwengxaki yokuguqulwa kwegestosis. Ngokuqhelekileyo njengento ebangela ukuba:
- isifo sikashukela ;
- isifo sesifo;
- izifo zesisu;
- ukuphulwa kwesibindi.
I-toxemia yexesha elide ibonakaliswe njani xa ukhulelwe?
Xa i-gestosis ivela ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwixesha elizayo, iimpawu zokuphulwa zingekho. Kwizigaba zokuqala zengxaki, abafazi banokuqaphela utywala obuninzi, ukwanda kwamanzi kunye nokuhlanza. Ezi zimpawu zongezelelwa ukungazinzi ngokomzwelo, ukuphulwa kweengqondo: ukunambitha, ukuvumba. Phakathi kweempawu eziphambili ezikuvumela ukuba ugxeka i-gestosis ngexesha lokukhulelwa:
- edema;
- ngxinzelelo lwegazi;
- ukubonakala kweprotheni kumchamo ogqithisiweyo.
Ukukhulelwa kweGestosis-degree
Ngokuxhomekeka kwiimpawu zegestosis ngexesha lokukhulelwa ugqirha uyilungisa, yintoni umfanekiso wesiklinikhi, kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa oku kulandelayo:
- I-Dropsy yowesifazane okhulelweyo. Ebonakalayo ngokubonakala kwe-edema, enokukrokrelwa yiminwe yeminwe. Kufanelekile ukuba sicinge ukuba ukukhukhuka okwenyukayo akusoloko kuhambelana ne-gestosis. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi emzimbeni kwenzeka ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yokuveliswa kwemveliso yeprogesterone, ukunyuka kwezifo ezingapheliyo (iintsholongwane ze-varicose).
- Isigaba sesibini yi-nephropathy. Ukuphuhlisa imvelaphi yehla. Ibonakala ngokunyuka komthwalo kwizintso, ukwanda kwexinzelelo lwegazi.
- Preeclampsia. Ukongeza kwiimpawu zonyango ezingentla (uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, ukuvuvukala), kukho iprotheni kumchamo . Eli nqanaba lihamba kunye nokuphazamiseka kwegazi kwiingqondo, intloko enzima. Uxinzelelo lwe-arterial ufika kuma-160/10 mm nge-Hg. Ubugcisa. phezulu.
- I-Eclampsia isigaba sesine segestosis. Efanelwe ukuphulwa komsebenzi wamalungu amaninzi angaphakathi, ukubonakala kokuthinjelwa, kunokubangela izinto ezihlukeneyo: isandi esibukhali, ukukhanya, uxinzelelo. Ukuhlaselwa kuqhubeka imizuzu 1-2.
I-toxicosis emfutshane - yintoni yokwenza?
Indlela yokuphatha igestosis ekukhulelwe - ichaza kuphela ugqirha. Unyango lwalo mkhuhlane lusekelwe ekuphelisweni kwesizathu esisiseko, ukulungelelanisa imeko yowesifazane okhulelweyo. Ngokubanzi, inkqubo yokuncedisa umfazi okhulelwe onesifo esifanayo isekelwe kwi:
- ukukhutshwa kwamava kunye nezimo ezixinzelelekileyo;
- ukuphuculwa kwemeko yempilo yowesifazane okhulelweyo;
- ukulandelela umntwana.
I-Gestosis - iziyobisi unyango
Ngenjongo yokukhawuleza ukususa i-gestosis ngexesha lokukhulelwa, unyango lwesi sifo, oogqirha bakhetha i-regimen yonyango. Injongo yokuzinzisa iinkqubo eziphazamiseke kumzimba womama ozayo, ngaphandle kokuphuhliswa kweengxaki zokukhulelwa. Phakathi kwamaqela asetyenziswa rhoqo ngamayeza egestosis:
- i-antiplatelet agents kunye ne-anticoagulants: Trental, Heparin;
- i-hepatoprotectors: Essentiale, iKarsil;
- izidalwa: i-infusion ye-valerian, i-motherwort, i-sedative;
- iziyobisi ezinciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi: Euphyllin, Dibasol, Nifedipine, Verapamil.
Gestosis - ukutya
Ukukhuphela ngokupheleleyo i-toxicosis ngokukhulelwa kokugqibela, kunye nokuthatha amachiza, umfazi kufuneka alandele ukutya. Ekudleni kufuneka kubandakanye iziqhamo, imifuno, amajikijolo. Phakathi kwacetyiswayo:
- iranberry;
- i grapefruit;
- avocado;
- viburnum;
- izithelo ze citrus.
Ukuphelisa i-gestosis ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ukutya kweeprotheyini kufuneka kubangelwe kukutya. Lezo ziqulethe ezininzi zeoli kunye ne-carbohydrate, kuyimfuneko ukuba ungabandakanyi. Ukutya kufuneka kuthathwe kwiincinci ezincinane, ixesha eliphakathi kwamanani kufuneka libe ngama-2-3 iiyure. Ukuba kukho ukunyanzeliswa okunamandla kwiinto ezithile ezithile, kulungile ukusebenzisa izitya ezibandayo. Imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokutya, ungaphuzi amanzi, iisero. Umthamo wokutywala utywala ngosuku kufuneka ube yi-1.5-2 ilitha.
Indlela yokuphepha igestosis ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
Ukugcinwa kokulondolozwa kwe-gestosis ngexesha lokukhulelwa kufuneka liqalise kwisigaba sokucwangcisa. Uhlolo olupheleleyo, unyango lwezifo ezingapheliyo lenza ukuba kube lula ukukhuphela ukuhlaselwa kwabo xa bephethe umntwana. Kubalulekile ukuqala unyango. Ukuba ibhinqa elitshutshisa i-toxemia emva kwexesha lokukhulelwa, iimpawu zazo zikhankanywe ngasentla, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nodokotela ngokukhawuleza. Ukugcinwa kwe-gestosis ekukhuselweni kwangoku kubanjwa:
- ukubambelela kwimihla ngemihla;
- ukukhutshwa komsebenzi wokwenyama, imikhwa emibi;
- ukutya okunempilo.