Njengomthetho, onke amabhinqa, atyelela i-ofisi yokuxilongwa komzimba, uyaxwayiswa kwangaphambili malunga naluphi uhlobo lophando afuneka ngalo. Nangona kunjalo, akuyena wonke umntu owaziyo ukuba le migaqo ithetha ntoni. Makhe siwaqwalasele ngokubanzi.
Ngoko, ngeendlela ezingenangxaki ugqirha ngoncedo lwezixhobo ezizodwa ungena kwisigxina se-uterus sampling of biomaterial kwaye uyithumela uphando olongezelelweyo. Ngoko-ke, kungenasiphelo, ngokuchaseneyo, - ukuxilongwa akubandakanyi "ukuhlasela" kwezitho zokuzala. Zizo ndlela eziqhelekileyo zisetyenziswe xa kusekwa izifo zokukhulelwa. Oku kuyingxenye ngenxa yeendlela iindlela ezingahambiyo zixhasa i-qualification ephakamileyo yeengcali. ekwenzeni kwabo ingozi enkulu yomonakalo wezitho zokuzala okanye umntwana.
Ziziphi iinkxalabo ezingekhoyo eziphazamisayo zokuxilongwa kwe-perinatal?
Ngaphantsi kwesi sifundo, njengomgaqo, qonda ukuziphatha kweemvavanyo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-screening tests. Ziquka izigaba ezi-2: uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound kunye nohlalutyo lwezinto eziphilayo zezinto zegazi.
Ukuba sithetha nge-ultrasound njengesivivinyo sokuhlola, ngoko ixesha elifanelekileyo kuye liveki ezi-11-13 zokukhulelwa. Ngethuba elifanayo, ingqalelo yamagqirha iyakhangelwa kwiiparitha ezifana ne-KTP (ubukhulu becala-parietal) kunye ne-TVP (ubukhulu bendawo yekhola). Kukuhlalutya iimpawu zezi zimbini iimpawu ukuba iingcali ezinomgangatho ophezulu zinokuthi zithwale ubukho be-chromosomal pathologies kwintsana.
Ukuba kukho ukusola ukuba kunjalo, ibhinqa inikwe uvavanyo lwegazi lwegazi. Kule sifundo, ukuxilongwa kwezinto ezifana ne-PAPP-A (iprotheni echaphazelekayo yokukhulelwa A) kunye ne-subunit yamahhala ye-gonadotropin ye-chorionic (hCG) iyalinganiswa.
Yisiphi isizathu sokuxilongwa kwe-invasive?
Njengomgaqo, lolu hlobo lophando luqhutyelwa ukuqinisekisa ubungqina bekhoyo ukusuka kwiingxelo zangaphambili. Ngokwenene, ezi ziimeko xa umntwana usengozini yokwanda kwe-chromosomal engafanelekanga, umzekelo, oku kudlalwa ngoku:
- Ukukhulelwa kwangaphambili (iminyaka yobudala umama ungaphezu kweminyaka engama-35);
- ubukho kwintsapho yomntwana eneengxaki ezifanayo;
- xa kwintsapho umphathisi we-chromosomal pathology ibonakala;
- idluliselwe ngexesha lobunzima be-fetus hepatitis, rubella, i-toxoplasmosis;
- ubukho kwi-anamnesis ye-2 kunye nokukhupha izisu.
Iindlela eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziselwa iindlela zokuxilonga ziyi- chorionic villus biopsy kunye ne- amniocentesis. Kwimeko yokuqala, ukuxilongwa kwi-uterus, ngoncedo lwesixhobo esikhethekileyo, inxalenye yesikhumba se-chorionic ithathwa, kwaye okwesibini -
Ezi zinto zihlala ziqhutywa phantsi kolawulo lomshini we-ultrasound. Njengomgaqo, ukutyunjwa kweendlela eziphazamisayo zokuxilongwa kwe-postinatal, kuyimfuneko ukuba ube nemiphumo emihle evela kwiimvavanyo zangaphambili zokuhlola.
Ngaloo ndlela, njengoko kubonakala kwinqaku, iindlela zokuhlolwa kwezilwanyana zangasese ezithathwa njengezinto ezihambelana nazo zihambelana. Nangona kunjalo, iindawo eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenzisiweyo aziyiyo; banomngcipheko omncinci wengozi kwaye bavumeleke ithuba eliphezulu lokuthatha ingxaki ye-chromosomal kwintsana ezayo.