- Idilesi: I- Subida Comandante Añagay, i-Puerto Williams, iCabo de Hornos, i-Región de Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena, eChile;
- Eyilwe: ngo-1975;
- Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni: www.museoantropologicomartingusinde.cl.
I-Chile ngokwenene lizwe lezinto ezahlukileyo, ngokuyimangalisayo ekuqaleni, ukudibanisa inkcubeko yabantu bendabuko kunye nabanqobile baseSpeyin. Isityebi zombini kwizinto ezahlukahlukeneyo, kunye nakwiindawo zokuzonwabisa . Omnye wabo nguMyuzi waseMartin Gusinde Anthropological, obonakalisa iimpawu zendalo kunye neembali zommandla apho zikhoyo khona.
Imbali yemvelaphi kunye neempawu ze-museum
Iyona nkqantosa yeyona ndawo yeyona ndawo iphela yilizwe laseChile lasePuerto Williams. Ngokuqinisekileyo, isixeko singabizwa ngokuba ngumzi onobubanzi obukhulu, kuba inani labemi basePuerto Williams ngabantu abayi-2500 kuphela. Kodwa, nangona kunjalo, eli liyinxalenye engasentla yehlabathi apho abantu bahlala khona. Indawo ijikelezwe yintaba, njengesitya. Kukho idolophana encinane kufuphi neBeagle Channel kwisiqithi saseNavarino. Le yintliziyo ye- Tierra del Fuego i- archipelago, eyaziwayo ngemozulu yayo engatshatyalaliswayo, iindalo ezintle kunye nezilwane.
I-Puerto Williams ayizange ivuselele umdla phakathi kwabakholoniyali ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yobunzima bemozulu, ngoko ke isizwe saseYagan sasihlala ngokuthula kwesi siqithi. Le meko ikhona kude kube ngowe-1890, kwaze kwafunyanwa igolide kule ndawo. Ukususela ngeli xesha, ukuhlaliswa okusebenzayo kwamazwe ase-Europe kuqala.
Ngokumalunga nama-1950, uqoqosho lwaqala ukuphuhliswa kwisiqithi, ngokubhekiselele ekuthuthweni kolwandle, ukuloba kunye nokukhenketho. Yaye indawo yasePort Williams yaziwa ngokuba yidolophu yesango. Ngombulelo kwizinto ezininzi ezenzululwazi eziye zenzeka rhoqo ngekhulu lama-20, iMartin Gusinde Anthropological Museum yavela kwisixeko, ebizwa ngokuba ngumlandeli waseJalimane kunye nomthandi we-ethnographer owafika ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 ukuya kwiziqithi zaseTierra del Fuego efuna iintlanga ezahlukileyo ze-Yagan ne-Alakalouf Indiya. UMartin Gusinde waba nguyedwa waseYurophu owamukelwa isizwe saseYagan, wamvumela ukuba aqalise ukuqaliswa kwaye agcine iirekodi zamasiko, imicimbi kunye neengqungquthela zabo. Inzululwazi yayihlala kule ndawo iminyaka emininzi, ishiya iziqithi ngokubuhlungu okukhulu. Kamva wapapasha iphepha lezesayensi kwiziqithi zaseTierra del Fuego kunye nakumazwe amaNdiya asele apha.
Ngomnyaka we-1975, iMavy yaseChile , esekelwe kwiSiqithi saseNararino, yabangela ukuba kudalwe imyuziyamu ye-anthropology egqitywe emva kwenzululwazi uMartin Gusinde. Ngenxa yale njongo, ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo kunye nokuqokelelwa kwezinto zakudala, izixhobo kunye nezinto zasekhaya zamaNdiya zenziwa ngokufanayo.
Xa yonke imisebenzi isigqityiwe, i-museum yavulwa nge-exposure enkulu ezinikele ebomini bamaNdiya aseYagan. Ngethuba le-museum lavulwa, akukho mmeli oyedwa omele ulo hlanga aye wasinda, ngoko le nto ibonakaliso ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukongezelela, iimyuziyam ziqokelele ubungqina bembali bexesha leenkonzo zesikolo zesiNgesi kunye nokumbiwa kwegolide. Ukutyelela iminyuziyamu ivulekile imihla ngemihla, ngaphandle kweveki.
Indlela yokufikelela kumyuziyam?
E-Puerto Williams, apho i-Anthropological Museum yaseMartin Gusinde ifumaneka, ufumana ngesikebhe okanye ngeenqwelo. Indawo yokuqala yidolophu yasePunta Arenas , efumaneka kumgama wama-285 km.