Iibhetri, ama-firefighters kunye namawashi alamu: ubungqina bufumene ukuba basebenzise nangaphambi kwexesha lethu!
Umntu wanamhlanje uphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kwinqanaba lembali yonke yokuphila kwayo emhlabeni. Kwixesha la mandulo, ukufumanisa enye kwalandelwa enye, kuba yonke impucuko yaphuhliswa, ixutywe kunye nabantu abakhelene nabo kwaye yayifuna ukunqoba ihlabathi lonke ngoncedo lweempumelelo zenzululwazi zayo, izakhiwo kunye neengcinga zengcinga. Kunokwenzeka ukukhawuleza ukubiza izinto ezili-10 zamandulo ezenzakalisa oko kwenzululwazi yesimo esithethayo ngokubunzima.
1. Ibhetri 2000 ubudala
Wonke umntu ohlala kumhlaba uphila ibhethri namhlanje: ngaphandle kwabo sele kunzima ukucinga ukuhlala kwabo. Kubonakala ukuba abantu basendulo babelana ngokupheleleyo ngokuxhomekeke kulo mthombo wamandla ophathekayo. Iqoqo lembali leMyuziyamu e-Baghdad liphethe i-jug, ubuncinane ubuneminyaka engama-2000 ubudala. Yenziwe ngodongwe kwaye ibonakala ingathandeki, kodwa ngaphakathi kwayo iyindlela ekhethekileyo. Isilinda sebhedu kunye nentonga yensimbi ekhutshiwe yanyuka kanye kunye neviniga okanye iwayini kwaye ivelise amandla okwaneleyo okwanele ukugada igolide. Ngokucacileyo, kamva ubugcisa bezinto zebhetri bulahlekile okanye buhlelwa.
2. I-Astrolabe ngamathuba angachangekanga
I-Astrolabe isisxhobo sokubala kweenkwenkwezi, esakhiwe ngekhulu le-15. Leyo ndlela yayicingelwa ngayo ukuba ifike ngo-1900, xa abahamba emva kweeponji kufuphi naseKrethe bafumanisa into engavumelekanga. Phakathi kweemifanekiso zeemifanekiso zamandulo kunye namacwecwe, afunyanwa ngabo ngokukhawuleza, bafumanisa indlela edibeneyo. Ukubhalwe kwinqaku kuthiwa yenziwe ngo-80 BC. Xa kufana nokufana ne-astrolabe, ifowuni yasendulo yayisetyenziswe imisebenzi engaqhelekanga leyo inkcazelo ayifumananga nakwikhulu le-XXI.
3. Itheknoloji ekhethekileyo yezibuko eziphathekayo
I-bronze yaqulunqwa yiTshayina malunga neminyaka eyi-2000 edlulileyo. Kwiminyaka embalwa nje kuphela beza kunye nekhnoloji engenakho imizekelo namhlanje. Emuva kwesibuko kwakusetyenziswe iphethini okanye i-hieroglyph eyayibonakaliswe eludongeni xa ibetha ilanga ngqo. Ubunqamle bomzobo kukuba yayiquka iziphene zobuso ezenziwe ngezandla, onokuzenzayo, uzixhobile kuqala ngeglasi yokukhulisa inamandla.
4. Isibane asizange sikhuphe noEdison
Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zaxakeka ngendlela amaYiputa amandulo ayekhanyisa ngayo iipiramidi kunye ne-grottos engaphantsi kwexesha. Inyiyori yokuqala eyayibukroza ukukhanya okuphazamisayo kwaye yanikela isalathiso, ngokusemthethweni, ingenakunqikaza: ukukhanya kuvele kufike xa kushaya ubuninzi kwisibuko sesithathu. Kwiindonga zetempile zaseYiputa ziboniswa izitya zobumba ezixhunywe kwiibhetri, ezanikeza ukukhanya. Isixhobo sawo sifana nesakhiwo sezibane ze-incandescent ezenziwe ngekhulu lama-20. Iimbambo zethusi zetye ezi zibane zifunyenwe nakwimangcwaba yaseTutankhamun.
5. AmaProstheses, aneminyaka engama-5000 ubudala
Oogqirha baseYiputa nabamaGrike ngamaxesha amandulo babekhathazekile ngokuphucula ukubonakala kwabantu emva kokulahlekelwa ngumzimba okanye ukungaphumeleli. Ngoko kwakukho i-prosthetics: i-sock yokuqala ye-prosthetic yenziwe malunga ne-3000 iminyaka BC. Wayephindaphinda umgca wenkwenkwe yakhe kwaye wayenamathele enqeni yesikhumba.
6. I-Flamethrower-siphonophora
Ngo-420 BC. kwiMfazwe yaseDelium, amaGrike azama isixhobo esitsha, esiwabiza ngokuthi "siphonophorus" okanye "umlilo wamaGrike." Kuyafana nabafake umlilo, ngamanye amaxesha asetyenziswa ngamapolisa kumazwe aseNtshona. I-siphonophor yenziwa ngetyhubhu yethusi, apho umxube onokutsha ongasetyenziswayo osuselwa kwioli kunye newayini wayiphalaza nge-jet. Ukubunjwa okunjalo akuzange kwenzeke ngokukhawuleza ukucima umlilo kwaye uhlambe ukubunjwa kwesikhumba somntu okanye isikhumba somkhumbi.
7. Iwashi yeAlarm yePlato
Umfilosofi wasendulo ongumGrike uPlato akazange afune ukukhawuleza ukuya kwiiklasi zezikolo aze acele umfundi ukuba enze iwashi lamanzi. Bakhupha isalathisi sesandi, isikhumbuzo sokuba kungekudala inkulumo iya kuqalisa. Olu qulunqo lwafunyanwa ngamaRoma kunye namaArabhu, xa adala i-alamu zamanzi, atyhila indlela yokulwa.
8. Phonsa imali - uza kufumana amanzi ... kwiNkulungwane ye-BC.
Ngenkulungwane yokuqala BC. Kwiicawa zamandulo zaseGrike zafakwa ukuthengisa iimashishini apho ungathenga amanzi angcwele ukuhlamba izandla phambi kokuba ungene kwigumbi. Emva kokuba imali isetyenziswe ngumvakatye kwi-hole ekhethekileyo, indlela yeTanki yanika ngokukhawuleza inxalenye yamanzi kumxhasi.
9. Inkqubo yokusebenza kwamanzi, ephakathi kweminyaka engama-2000 ubudala
Ngama-600 BC. Abemi beRoma yakudala banelisekile ngokuhlala emdakeni kunye nokungcola-kwaye baqhuba umkhumbi wokuqala emhlabeni. Imijelo apho iindawo zokuchitha izinto ezibalulekileyo ezihlanganisiweyo zazibizwa ngokuba yi-cloaca kwaye zathathwa kwiTiber. Inkqubo eyenziwa ngabakhi bezakhiwo zamandulo yayiphelele kakhulu kangangokuba inxalenye yesakhiwo esidala iqhutywe ngamandla kuze kube namhlanje.
10. Umpu we-acoustic - kungekhona isikhali samanje
Ngo-2005, amaqhawe aseSomalia ahlasele i-Siborn Spirit liner, eyakwazi ukuphuma kubo ngokubonga ngezixhobo zakutshanje-isibhamu esicacisayo esivelisa isandi sokubhoboza, esichukumisa amehlo kunye nokuva komntu. Nangona kunjalo, le mpu melelo yenkqubela phambili yenzululwazi inomdla wayo wasendulo, owadalwa ngamaxesha angaphambili ngamaSirayeli.
Kwi-VIII yeminyaka eyi-BC. Ekufuphi kweYerusalem kwakukho ukuhlala kweJeriko, eyatshatyalaliswa kwisixhobo esifanayo: namhlanje kuthiwa "ipayipi yaseYeriko". KwiTestamente Endala kuthiwa:
"Ngosuku lwesixhenxe bajikeleza isixeko ngokuphindwe kasikhombisa. UYoshuwa wathi ebantwini: "Bekani indlebe, kuba iNkosi ininike isixeko!" Kwaye abantu bamemeza, nexilongo zavakala, udonga lwasemzini lwawa phantsi.
Le nkcazo yenkqantosi yaseYeriko, eyatshatyalaliswa yindyikima enamandla, ngokwezenzululwazi. Bathi ukuba kubangelwa ngomsindo omkhulu, oye wangena kwizakhiwo zokwakha.