I-cervical carcinoma ibhekisela kwizifo ezibi zesifo somzimba wesini. Le yeso sihlandlo sesibini emva komhlaza wesifuba, ukugula kwezilwanyana kwi-women. Iintsholongwane zengingqi yesizwe zineentlobo ezimbini:
- izidumbu zeeselum (esingaphantsi kwama-90% amatyala);
- i-adenocarcinoma yomlomo wesibeleko (engaphantsi, ayikho ngaphezulu kwe-20% yazo zonke iimeko).
Iimbangela ze-cervical carcinoma
Iingcali zenzululwazi zikholelwa ukuba i-neoplasms ezimbi zibangelwa ngenxa yokutshintshwa kwezinto eziphathekayo zetekisi phantsi kwefuthe lezinto ezingaphandle zangaphandle kunye neengaphakathi zomzimba. Ezi zinto ziquka:
- ubukho beentsholongwane ze-carcinogen emzimbeni (i-herpes ne-papillomavirus);
- imikhwa emibi, ngakumbi ukutshaya;
- ubomi bokulala ngokwesondo;
- umonakalo kwintsholongwane ngexesha lokubeletha, ukukhupha isisu, ukungenelela kwezonyango.
Iimpawu kunye noxilongo lweCervical Carcinoma
Ingozi yomhlaza wesibeleko yilezi zigaba zokuqala, xa amathuba okufumana unyango olupheleleyo aphezulu, ingaba yinto engabonakaliyo. Xa inkqubo isele iqhubekile, kunokukho iimpawu ezifana nale:
- ukubonakala phakathi kokuya esikhathini, emva kokulala;
- intlungu kwindawo ye-pelvic, kwisisu esezantsi;
- ukubonakala kokuvuvukala kwindawo ye-lymph nodes.
I-carcinoma ifunyanwe ikakhulu ngexesha leemviwo eziqhelekileyo kunye nabafazi begazi. Ukutyelela rhoqo ugqirha kwenza kube lula ukuphawula kwangaphambili uphuhliso lwe-dysplasia yomlomo wesibeleko , olubhekiselele kwiimeko ezinqabileyo.
Ukubonakala kweempawu ze-atypia kwiiseli ze-mucosa zentsholongwane kubonisa isigaba senqanaba lesifo somhlaza wesibeleko, okunye kuthiwa yi-preinvasive carcinoma okanye i-cervical carcinoma in situ. Eli nqanaba libonakaliswa ukungabikho kokuhluma kwe-atypia kwimigca ejulile yomlomo wesibeleko.
Ukungabikho kwonyango lwe-carinoma esandulela iholele ekungeneni kokungena komhlaza emqaleni. Ukuba i-infestation isencinane, ukuya kwi-3 mm, ke uthetha nge-microcarcinoma yomlomo wesibeleko, okwangoku kunakho unyango olukhulu.
Iimvavanyo zokuvimbela umlomo wesibeleko kwizibuko zentsholongwane zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuxilongweni kwangaphambili kwesi sifo, kwaye uphando olongezelelweyo lwenziwe: i-oncocytology (uvavanyo lwePapanicolau), i- colposcopy , i-biopsy.
Unyango lwe-cervical carcinoma
Unyango lomhlaza wesibeleko unqunywe ngokuqwalasela isigaba sawo, indawo, ubunzima bekhosi. Ubudala bomfazi, umnqweno wakhe wokuba ngumama uphathwa.
Kwiimeko ezinzima, abafazi abancinci banokutshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza kwezicubu ezichaphazelekayo ngokubamba umlomo wesibeleko, iindlela zokusasazwa ngomsakazo ezilandelwa yi-chemotherapy kunye neyeza zonyango.
Abasetyhini besuka kwiminyaka yokuzala kunye nezifo eziphambili ziboniswe unyango olusakhulayo, ngokuqhelekileyo i-tumor isuswe kunye ne-uterus yonke. Izaphulo kunye ne-chemotherapy zisetyenziselwa ukuphumeza unyango olupheleleyo, ukuthintela ukuphindaphinda kwesisu kunye nokuphuhliswa kwamathambo kwisinye isitho.