Intsholongwane ye -Epstein-Barr yintsholongwane yomntu we-herpes ye-4th. Ebizwa emva kwezilwimi zesiNgesi uMichael Epstein kunye noYvonne Barre, owodwa olwahlula olu hlobo lwesifo sengculaza kwizinto ezibuhlungu i-lymphoma, ebonakala kumazwe aseAfrika.
I-virus ye-Epstein-Barr isetyenziselwa njani?
I-Epstein-Barr isifo sengculaza yenye yezona zifo zintsholongwane eziqhelekileyo, kuba kulula kakhulu ukuba zithatheleleke. Kukholelwa ukuba malunga nama-90% abantu abathwala intsholongwane, okanye bane-antibodies egazini labo elifakazela kwisifo esithunyelwe ebuntwaneni.
Uninzi lwamaxesha amaninzi, ukusuleleka kubangelwa ngomoya okanye ngeendlela zasemakhaya, ngokuthe rhoqo-ngokutyelwa igazi okanye ngokwesondo. Umntu osulelekileyo ukhupha intsholongwane kwaye unokuba ngumthombo wesifo kwiinyanga ezili-18 emva kokusuleleka. Izigulane ezine-infectous mononucleosis kwisigaba esingapheliyo sihlala sisisifo.
Iimpawu zegciwane le-Epstein-Barr
Kwimeko yokusuleleka kwintsholongwane, iimpawu zegciwane lesifo se-Epstein-Barr azinakho (i-course ye-asymptomatic course) okanye ibonakale njengentsholongwane yokuphefumula. Ngokuqhelekileyo, intsholongwane yimbangela yesifo esithathelwanayo. Isikhathi sokutshala kwesifo sisuka kwiiveki ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-8.
Iimpawu kwifomu echanekileyo zifana neyiphi na i-ARVI:
- ukwanda kweqondo lokushisa;
- angina;
- intloko;
- intlungu kwiimisipha.
Kwiimpawu ezithile ezichasayo isifo esibangelwa yi-Epstein-Barr virus evela kwezinye i-SARS, kunokwenzeka ukubalisa:
- ukwanda kwenzalo ye-lymphoid;
- Ukwandiswa kwesibindi kunye nepeni;
- ukutshatyalaliswa kwesikhumba kunye ne-herpes simplex virus;
- ukwanda kwigazi ye-lymphocytes kunye ne-monocytes.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ifomu elimfuneko aliyifunanga unyango oluthile, kwaye uphathwa ngendlela efanayo nesifo esiqhelekileyo esibanda.
Ngokuqhelekileyo isifo ngegciwane lesifo se-Epstein-Barr asinayo imiphumo, isiguli siyifumana okanye sibe yinkathazo yokugcina intsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba usulelo luya kufana nesimo esingapheliyo okanye esingapheliyo. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, kunokwenzeka ukunqoba inkqubo ye-nervous central, ukuphuhlisa i-jade, i-hepatitis.
Yintoni eyingozi ye-Epstein-Barra virus?
Ngenxa yobuninzi bokusasazeka, kunye nenyaniso yokuba abaninzi abantu bayanyamezela le sifo bade bengayazi, umbuzo unokuvela: ingxaki yesifo se-epstein-Barr inobungozi ngokubanzi kwaye yintoni isizathu sokwenza umdla ngaleyo nkunkuma.
Inyaniso kukuba nangona isifo ngokwawo singathathwa njengengozi kwaye singenayo imiphumo, le yintsholongwane ehambelana nophuhliso lwezifo ezinzulu. Nangona kunjalo kwiimeko ezininzi isiguli siyifumana, nangona kunjalo, inkqubo eyingozi yokusuleleka ingabangela uphuhliso:
- i-mononucleosis engapheliyo;
- isifo esingapheliyo ;
- ukuphuhliswa kwezifo ezizimele;
- phuhliso lweenkqubo ze-oncological.
Kungenxa yokuba ukuphuhliswa kwezinye iifom zomhlaza kunxulumene nale ntsholongwane, ukungahoywa iimpawu zesifo kwaye kungabungozi.
Ukuxilongwa kwegciwane le-Epstein-Barr
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuxilongwa kuyadingeka ekuphuhlisweni kwezifo ezingapheliyo zesifo kunye nosongelo lweengxaki, kwakunye nokucwangcisa ukukhulelwa.
Ukuhlalutya okungabonakaliyo, okungabonisa kokubili u-Epstein-Barr kunye nenye intsholongwane ye-virus, zibandakanya:
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi jikelele. Kukho i-leukocytosis encinci, i-lymphomonocytosis kunye ne-monyuclear e-atypical, kwezinye iimeko-i-hemolytic anemia, inokwenzeka i-thrombocytopenia okanye i-thrombocytosis.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi lwegazi . Ukwanda kwinqanaba le-transaminase, i-LDH kunye nezinye i-enzyme kunye neeprotheni zesigaba esicacileyo sityhilwa.
Ukufumanisa ukuxilongwa ngokucacileyo phambi kwezikhombisi, i-assayorbent e-enzyme-linked linked immunosorbent ye-Epstein-Barr.