Umntwana, ukungena kwilizwe elijikelezile, udlula kwinani leenkqubo eziguquguqukayo, ezifana nokuhlengahlengiswa kokusabalalisa, ukuqala kokusebenza kwenkqubo yokuphefumula kunye ne-jaundice kwintsana. Ukubola kwe-Mass of fetal (fetal) ye-hemoglobin (HbF), kunye nokutshintshwa kwalo ngumntu omdala ofanayo (HbA), kukhokelela ekuqhelweni kwesikhumba. Ubunzima beli nkqubo kuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezininzi. Emva koko, siza kuqwalasela ukuba kutheni kukho i-jaundice kwiintsana ezisanda kuzalwa, kwaye kuyingozi nakakhulu.
I-jaundice ye-conjugation yeintsana
Masiqale siqwalasele iimpawu zesifo se-jaundice kumntwana osanda kuzalwa . Eli lizwe liqala ekupheleni kweyesibini - ukuqala kweentsuku ezi-3. Njengoko sele kukhankanywe, imbangela yayo kukutshintshwa kwesiqhamo se-hemoglobin rhoqo. Isibindi sesana esingazalwa sisenokukwazi ukujamelana nokungahambisani ne-bilirubin (ukuhlanganiswa kwayo kunye nama-molecule e-2 ye-glucuronic acid), ngoko izinga lalo egazini liyakwandisa amaxesha amaninzi. Ubungakanani be-jaundice yomzimba kwiintsana ezisanda kuzalwa azidluli iintsuku ezi-7, oko kukuthi, kudlula iintsuku eziyi-8 ukuya ku-9 zobomi.
Iimpawu ze-zheltushku osana
Iimpawu zayo eziphambili yi-icterism (ukufumana umthunzi ophuzi) wesikhumba kunye ne-sclera. Nge-jaundice ye-pathological in the newborns, le ntlupheko iyabonakala ngakumbi. Ukucacisa oko kungenza i-neonatologist enamava, xa ihlolisisa umntwana emini, eqinisekisa ubungqina be-laboratory ekufundeni kwinqanaba le-bilirubin. Ngenxa yokutya kwe-jaundice, le miqondiso ilandelayo ithetha:
- ukuphuka kwesikhumba kuqala kungekudala kunosuku lokuqala lobomi;
- Ubunzima be-jaundice banda kwiintsuku ezine;
- isikhumba sinomthi we-orange;
- akahluphekanga kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo zentsana;
- umchamo kunye nemifuno akungabi mnyama;
- Iqondo le- bilirubin iintsuku ezi-4 alidluli i-256 mmol / l.
I-Jaundice kwiintsana ezisanda kuzalwa: kuxhomekeka kukuphi kwaye lihlala ixesha elingakanani?
Ngoku khawucinge ngeentlobo zeentlobo ze-jaundice, ezinokubangwa ngamacandelo athile. Ngoko ke, ndifuna ukuphawula ukuba i-jaundice ebantwaneni bengaphantsi kwexesha inzima ngakumbi kunokuba isetyenziswe kwiintsana, kwaye ihlala kwiintsuku ezi-14-15 zobomi. Ukutya okungonelanelekanga (ukuba umama akanalo ubisi oluseleyo) kunokubangela i-jaundice ende. Phakathi kweentlobo zezilwanyana zezilwanyana zolu hlobo:
- I-hemolytic jaundice yeintsana ivela ngenxa yokulwa nomzimba phakathi komama kunye nomntwana. I-rhesus eqhelekileyo yinto ephikisanayo eyenzeka kumama ongenama-Rh, umntwana okhulelweyo ozalwa ngu-Rh. Ngaphantsi kaninzi, kukho iingxabano ze-immune kwiqela legazi kunye nezinye i-antigens zegazi. Kule meko, umntwana uqondwa ngumzimba wesisu njengomntu welizwe langaphandle.
- Ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane yesifo esithintekayo singabonakalisa njenge-jaundice esele ihlala ixesha elitsha.
- Ukugcina umbala omnyama weemfesi kunye nomchamo kungathetha ngomntu ongaphangeliyo ozalwe ngumntwana kwisakhiwo sephepha lebhiliyari.
- Ukuthatha umama weliphi na iziyobisi ezinobuthi kwiiveki zokugqibela zokukhulelwa.
- I-jaundice eqhubekayo ingaba ngumntwana ozelwe ngumama
isifo sikashukela.
I-Jaundice yeintsana, eziye zavela ngenxa yezinto ezinzima, zihlala kwiiveki ezingaphezu kweeveki, zandisa kakhulu imeko yomntwana kwaye zidinga unyango kumaSebe akhethekileyo.
Ngaloo ndlela, akufuneki ukuba unyanelise iimviwo zonyango kunye neengcebiso zakhe. Yaye ukuba izinga le-bilirubin ngosuku lokukhutshwa li ngaphezu kwama-256 mmol / l, kunokwenzeka ukuba unina onomntwana uya kunikwa esibhedlele kwisebe le-pathology ye-neonatal okanye egcinwe kwisebe elisemva kwe-postpartus ukulungiselela i-phototherapy ngesibane se-ultraviolet.