I-Momordika - luhlobo luni lwesityalo kunye nendlela yokukhula ngayo?

Uhlobo lunike abantu isityalo esininzi semifuno kwaye ezinye zazo aziqhelekanga. Luhlobo luni lwesityalo esithile, nokuba ngaba kungenzeka ukusebenzisa iziqhamo nokuba ingaba luncedo-unomdla kuninzi, kuba iziqhamo ziya kuba zidume kakhulu kwaye zingakhula ngisho nasekhaya.

Ubonakala njani uMamordica?

Esi sityalo sonyaka sokunyuka esiya kwintsapho yasePumpkin. Kukho amanye amagama e-momordica: imisonto embi okanye ikhukhamba. Kwezinye iimeko, igama elithi "isiTshayina" longezwa. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, iimpawu zonyango ze-momordica, ezisetyenziswe kumayeza omntu, ziyaziwa. Impawu eziphambili zezi sityalo ziquka:

1. Indawo yaseAsia, kodwa ikhulile kwezinye iindawo ezifudumele.
2. Ukufumanisa ukuba isityalo siyimemordica, ku funeka kuqatshelwe ukuba yi-lianas, ubude obunokufikelela kwi-4 m. Ubume bunobuso obuthathu, ama-grooves longitudinal kunye nama-antennae. Amagqabi ahlaza kwaye aphezulu, kwaye iintyatyambo ziphuzi kwaye zineentlanu ezintlanu.
3. Ekuqaleni, iziqhamo ziluhlaza, kwaye ngexesha lokuvuthwa ziba ziphuzi okanye i-orange. Zingaba nemilo eyahlukileyo: i-oval, fusiform kunye ne-cylindrical. Ekude bafikelela kwi-8-40 cm. Ukufikelela kwisiqhamo sokuvuthwa kwawo, iziqhamo ziyavela kwaye ziveze imbewu ebomvu. Iziqhamo zinandi xa ziluhlaza.

Ukhula njani ixesha?

Khulisa esi sityalo njengomdiliya oneminyaka elilodwa ubudala, obuye uphilise iimpahla. Umama wekhukhamba wamaNdiya unokunyuka kwi-balcony, kwigumbi, ukutsalwa kwetreenhouse kunye nomhlaba ovulekile. Ukukhula okuqhelekileyo kunye nokuvelisa izivuno, isityalo sifudumele ngokufudumele nokukhanya. Ubungcono bukhula i-momordika kwiindawo apho zikhuselwe khona emini nasemini.

Momordica - iintlobo

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezaziwa kwaye eziphambili zi:

1. Momordika Charantia. Kule ziintlobo iziqu zihamba kunye ne-pubescent, kwaye amaqabunga anama-5 okanye ama-7. Ubude beemkukhu eziphuzi ze-momordica zifikelela kuma-25 cm.
2. Momordica ibhalsamu. Umdiliya omude onamagqabi amakhulu kunye neenotshi. Iziqhamo zombala we-orange wefom ejikelezileyo kunye nomhlaba osikiweyo. Emva kokuvuthwa, zixhaphaza, zikhupha imbewu eninzi.
3. Momordica Cochin. Iimpawu ezahlukileyo ziquka ukwahlula kwamagqabi zibe ziingxenye ezintathu, iziqhamo zobomi be-elliptical ukuya kwi-12 cm ubude kwaye bubomvu. Imbewu inkulu kwaye iphunga imbi.

Momordica - okuhle nokubi

Iikomkethe ezinobunzima zininzi ezininzi zezondlo. Kwiindlela zokupheka, imbewu, amaqabunga kunye neengcambu ziyasetyenziswa. Ukufumanisa ukuba luhlobo luni lwesityalo esithile, kuyafaneleka ukuthobela ingqalelo kunye nokuchasene nokusetyenziswa kwezityalo. Awunakuyidla iicucumber ezikhulelweyo kunye nabancinci abasetyhini, abantwana abangaphantsi kwe-16, kunye neenkqubo zokuvutha. Ngoku sibheke kwiindawo ezixhamlayo zeMomordica:

1. Qinisekisa umsebenzi wemfihlo wepascreas, ukwandisa umveliso we-insulin, o luncedo kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.
2. Unceda ukulwa neebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane, ukuqinisa imisebenzi yokukhusela yomzimba.
3. Iphucula iinkqubo ze-metabolic kwaye ihlambulule umzimba wezinto ezinobungozi.
4. Ukuphucula umbono kunye nenkqubo ye-hematopoiesis. Ngokusetyenziswa rhoqo, unokuhlambulula izitya ze-cholesterol.
5. Okufanelekileyo kukuchaphazela umsebenzi wegastrointestinal tract kunye ne-urrogenital system.

Indlela yokutshala iMamordica?

Ukuzaliswa kungenziwa ngamanqwanqwa, kufaka amahlumela emanzini de ivela iingcambu. Ukushisa komoya kufuneka kube ngu-25 ° C. Ungayisebenzisa ukutyala imbewu emnyama ehlwayelwe ekuqaleni kuka-Epreli. Ingcaciso malunga nokuba yintoni imveliso ye-momordica kunye nendlela yokukhula ngayo kwimbewu iquka imigaqo elandelayo:

1. Sondeza iingcebiso zembewu ngefayili, eya kubavumela ukuba bavule ngokukhawuleza. Emva kokucwilisa kwisisombululo esinamandla se-potassium permanganate yokungafihlisi iintsuku eziliqela.
2. Beka kwi-sawdust emanzi okanye iphepha kwaye nibeke kwindawo efudumeleyo, niqinisekise ukuba akukho nto eyomile. Endaweni ethile kwiintsuku eziyi-12 kufuneka ibonakale ingcambu ezimhlophe.
3. Ukutshala iMomordica, sebenzisa iipatti zepiat ezizaliswe ngamalungu amathathu e-humus kunye nenxalenye ye-turf. Kubalulekile ukuba umhlaba ufudumale. Faka imbewu ngembambo ye-1-2 cm, ufefe ngokulula ngesanti.
4. Phala amanzi afudumeleyo, gubungela ngeglasi okanye ifilimu. Ukunisela kuphinda kuphindiwe emva kweentsuku ezimbini.
5. Xa kuvela amahlumela, susa iglasi uze ufake isitya kwi window window. Izityalo zokutsalana ziyimfuneko xa zifikelela kuma-25 cm. Phakathi no-Meyi, kubalulekile ukuba lukhuni.

Momordika - ikhula

Izityalo ezilungiselelwe okanye ukucoca kufuneka zityalwe emhlabathini ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi okanye ekuqaleni kukaJune, xa kushushu ukufudumala kwemozulu. Cinga ezinye iingcebiso ezibalulekileyo zokukhulisa iMomordica:

1. Isityalo asithandi ukutyala okutyalileyo kunye nesithunzi, ukuba awuyi kuthathelwa ingqalelo, ke izithelo ziya kuba ziincinci kwaye ziqale ukuhluma ukukhula. Umgama omncinci u-80 cm.
2. Musa ukuhlala kwindawo ezimanzi, ngaphandle koko iingcambu ziya kubola. Ukusika okanye izithombo akudingeki ukuba zijonge kakhulu emhlabathini, ngaphandle koko i-momordica iya kukhula kakubi.
3. Izityalo zabantu abadala zifuna inkxaso okanye trellis . Njengeminye imivini, i-garter ecacileyo iyacetyiswa.

Ikhukhamba iMamordica - ukunakekelwa

Ukuze ufumane iziqhamo ezinkulu, kufuneka ubeke iliso kwi-creeper. Abagadi bezolimo abanolwazi, baxelele uhlobo luni lwezityalo zamamdidika kunye nendlela yokunyamekela kakuhle, banikele ngcebiso:

1. Uyakuthanda umswakama, ngoko kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthambisa rhoqo, usebenzisa amanzi afudumeleyo oku. Ukongezelela, uphula rhoqo i-liana.
2. I-Momordica, ukukhula nokunyamekela okulula, ikhula ngokukhawuleza, ngoko njalo emva kweeveki ezimbini, sebenzisa isichumisi. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ukunyuswa kwe- mullein .
3. Kubalulekile ukuthoba isithsaba, ukususa icala. Isityalo akufanele sibe neengqungquthela ezingaphezulu kweesithathu.
4. Ukuvuna kuqala iiveki ezimbini emva kokubonakala kwesiqhamo.