I-Teratoma yentamo ye-fetal iyona nto ixhaphakileyo, i-cystic, iqinile okanye iqine. Iqukethe izicubu, isakhiwo esichasene ngokuthe ngqo nakwezo zijikeleze i-tumor. Iimpahla ezinjalo, indawo ehamba phambili kunye nentathu yangasemva yentamo, ibizwa ngokuba yi-teratomas yomlomo wesibeletho.
Iimbangela zesifo sezinto ezi
Ngenxa yokuba izifundo zophando lwe-fetal teratoma, kwakunye neziganeko eziyiphuthumayo, azikho, eziye zachaphazelekayo ngokubonakala kobantwana abanokuxilongwa, akukho zizathu ezichanekileyo zokubonakala kwe-tumor. Iisampuli ezikhoyo zibonisa ukuba ukuphuhliswa kweendlela ezingaqhelekanga kungabangela ukufuduka kweetyhubhu zomntwana kunye nokuxuba kwayo kunye ne-capsule ye-teratoma. Kukho nawuphi na, i-tumor yenziwa kwinqanaba lokuqala lokuhlukana kweeseli ze-fetal, kwaye iinqununu zaliphi na isakhiwo okanye inkqubo yomntwana zingangena kuyo.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-teratoma ye-fetal
Ukuchonga le mfundo kunokwenzeka ngokuncedisa i-device efanelekileyo ye-ultrasound. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuxilongwa kwenzelwa ngethuba, kwindwendwe elandelayo ilungiselelwe ugqirha. Njengomthetho, i-terato iyakwazi ukufunyanwa ukususela kwiveki ye-19-20 yesigxina, emva koko i-tumor iqala ukukhula ngamandla. Ubukhulu bayo bunokufikelela kuma-centimitha angaphezu kwe-12 ububanzi, obangela ukufumana ngokukhawuleza.
Ukukhulelwa kunye ne-teratoma: zeziphi iziprofeto?
Ukuze kusetyenziswe iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuziphatha, kubalulekile ukugqiba ukuba ngaba izakhiwo ezibalulekileyo okanye izitho zibandakanyeka kwi-terat. Kukho ulwazi lokuba imfundo inokubangela ngokufanayo ukuzalwa komntwana ofileyo, kunye nokukhusela umntwana emva kokubeleka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-tumor isachukumisa iziganeko ezibalulekileyo ekukholeni ngokuqhelekileyo, ngoko kuphela umphumo obulalayo kumntwana. Inani lokufa phakathi kwabantwana abathunyelwe emva kokunikezelwa kwintsebenzo malunga ne-37-50%, kanti inani labafa kodwa elingaqhutywanga lifikelela kuma-80-100%. Izizathu ezichazayo ezi zibonakaliso ezinzulu zixhamla i-tumor kunye nokufakwa kwayo okufutshane kunye neempahla ezibalulekileyo kunye nezitho, kunye nokuvinjelwa kwendlela yokuphefumula.
Unyango lwe teratoma
Isiphumo esifanelekileyo sokusombulula umthwalo wengane enokuxilongwa kuthetha ukuba uya kufuneka asindise ukungenelela okungenakukuphepheka, ukungabikho kokuya kubangela ukufa okukufutshane. Ububanzi bexesha elizayo kunye nokuxakeka kwalo kuxhomekeke ngqo kubukhulu besisu, isimo sempilo yengane, indawo ekhoyo ye-teratoma kunye nobukho bezinye iingxaki. Ngethuba lokungenelela, ukunyanga okucetywayo kuyadingeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukupompoza umbane oqokelele ngaphakathi kwidumbu.
I-sacrococcygeal teratoma yomntwana
Ukuxhamla kwezi ntlobo kudla ngokufumaneka kubantwana basetyhini. Kuqoqo lwe-cysts kunye neoplasms ezizaliswe ngumthombo we-serous okanye i-mucoid. Njengomthetho, le ntsholongwane itholakala kwinyanga yesi-6 ukuya kweyesi-9 yesigxina.
Iziganeko ezihambelanayo zingenziwa: ukuguqulwa kwamalungu angaphakathi, izifo zengqondo, i- edema yesisu , ubuninzi be-amniotic fluid nokuzalwa ngaphambi kwekota.
Kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenziwe ukutshatyalaliswa kokubeletha kwe-teratoma yolu hlobo, ukuba isakhiwo saso siyinkohlakalo. Kule meko, phantsi kolawulo lwamadivaysi e-ultrasound, i-tumor ihlonywe kwaye i-fluid iyaselwa kuyo. Kwixesha elizayo kuyimfuneko ukulinda ukuvuthwa kwemiphunga nokugxininisa ekuhambisweni kwexesha elimiselweyo ngaphambili.