Isanti kwi-aquarium - indlela yokukhetha umhlaba ofanelekileyo?

Isanti yesiqhelo se-aquarium yinto ebalulekileyo yendalo yezinto eziphilayo. Isebenza njengesigqithiso semifuno eluhlaza, uluhlu lwemvelo, indawo yokuhlala kwiindawo ezininzi ze-microorganisms. Ukhetho olufanelekileyo lomhlaba luyinkxalabo enzulu kakhulu, isigqibo esichaphazela umphumo wobukumkani bonke obungaphantsi kwamanzi.

Isanti kwi-aquarium - i-pros and cons

Kwiindawo zamanzi zanamhlanje, iintlobo eziliqela zomhlaba wendalo okanye wokufakelwa komhlaba zisetyenzisiweyo - zivela kwii-corals, i-depot, i mix mix nutrient, okwenziwe ngodongwe oludongwe, isanti kunye ne-gravel. Umlinganiselo oyintloko ekukhetheni ukwakhiwa ngokuthe ngqo kwitank eyenziwe ekhaya yintoni ngokukhethekileyo iintlanzi kunye nezityalo eziza kuhlala emhlabeni ongaphantsi kwamanzi. Eyona ndawo ixhaphakileyo iyifumaneka kwaye ilula yomhlaba onesihlabathi, apho ezininzi izidalwa ezingenakuthobeka zihlala ngokugqibeleleyo.

Amaninzi amaninzi abakhetha indawo engokwemvelo kwimxube engummangaliso ophendulela phansi kwetanki kwiindawo ezinemibala emininzi. Umbuzo kukuba ingaba isanti e-aquarium iyimfuneko, iingxaki ezitsha zigqibelele ukuba zenze itanki encinci kunye neentlanzi zangaphakathi ezindlini zazo. Ukuhamba kakuhle kwesi sihloko, kuyinqweneleka ukwazi iimeko ezingalunganga kunye neenzuzo zolu hlobo lomhlaba.

Kunesihlabathi esihle kwi-aquarium:

1. Ubuninzi bamanzi bukhula ngcono kwaye buhlala entlabathi.
2. Kulula ukuhlambulula isantya esezantsi, le nkqubo ilula ukwenza nge siphon , idlula kwisixhobo esiphambi kwendawo.
3. Umhlaba ovela kwisanti unokwenza kakuhle imisebenzi yezinto eziphilayo.
4. Olu hlobo lomhlaba lulungele izidalwa ze-benthic, ezinqwenela ukumba kwiindawo zokukhanya.
5. Isantya sisoloko sikhangela umbono wendalo ngaphakathi kwe-aquarium.

Iingxaki zomhlaba onesihlabathi:

1. Ukuhlamba nokulungiselela isanti kwi-aquarium kunamanyathelo amade kwaye anzima.
2. Olu hlobo lomhlaba ludinga ukuhoxiswa ngamaxesha ngamaxesha, ngaphandle koko lukhutshwe ngokukhawuleza kunye neendwangu zerhafu.
3. Iindidi ezahlukileyo zesanti ziyakwazi ukutshintsha i-chemical composition of the environment.
4. Ehlabathini ehlabathini ecocekileyo, azikho izondlo ezaneleyo zityalo, ngoko kuququzelelwe izichumisi.

Yisiphi isihlabathi esilungileyo kumanzi?

Ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwendalo, ukuveliswa kwamakhemikhali yomhlaba, imvelaphi yayo, ubukhulu bemiqolo, inxalenye yeengqungquthela zomhlaba idlala indima. Ukuba ubeka ingqalelo kuphela kwicandelo lokubhabisa, ngoko-aquarist ayiyi kufezekisa umphumo omhle ngexesha elilodwa. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukuhlalutya imeko kwaye ubeke iinjongo, ukhetha ukubunjwa okufanelekileyo ngokufanelekileyo, okuza kuguquka phantsi kwegumbi leglasi.

Impawu eziphambili zomhlaba onesihlabathi kwi-aquarium:

1. Isihlunu sesanti. Amanhlamvu amancinci kunye namaqabunga amakhulu awafanelanga. I-Optimum ithathwa njengesihlabathi se-aquarium eneqhezu lesincinci ye-1.5-2 mm. Ukuba kukho inkozo encinane, ngoko- aération yomhlaba ihlwempu, i-stagnation, ukuzaliswa kwezilwanyana eziphilayo kuyagcinwa. Ukususela kumatye amakhulu amakhulu ahlambulukileyo, izityalo kuwo zithatha ingcambu engaphumeleli okanye ixesha elide.
2. Ubunzima besanti kwi-aquarium. Uluhlu oluyi-4-6 mm lufanelekile kwiindawo ezininzi ezingaphantsi kwamanzi, umhlaba wobukhulu obuhlukeneyo kufuneka kwiintlobo ezincinci zezityalo.
3. Iintlobo zesanti ze-aquarium. Umbala womhlaba ubonakalisa ukwenziwa kweekhemikhali zeengqungquthela zawo. Iingqolowa zombala obomvu okanye obomvu ukuthatha umsebenzi awunqwenelekayo, ziqulethe ipesenti enkulu yentsimbi. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukukhumbula ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-crumb kwi-limestone kubangela ukuphulwa kobunzima bokulinganisela kwamanzi, apho izidalwa ezininzi ziphela zibulala.

Iintlobo ezifanelekileyo zesanti ze-aquarium:

• isanti yomlambo;
• isanti se quartz;
• isanti yolwandle;
• isanti emnyama;
• Isanti yesi-Aragonite ye-home aquarium.

Inxweme yoMlambo i-aquarium

Ukuba ukhangele i-primer ephantsi kwaye isilula kwi-aquarium, kwaye isanti esivela kumlambo ongasentla ifanelekile kule njongo ngokugqibeleleyo. Ukusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo kwezinto ezifunyenwe kwiindawo zokuthungatha, apho udongwe luncinci. Ngaphandle koko, umtsalane uya kufuneka asebenze ixesha elide, ahlambe ukubunjwa ukuze asuse ukungcola. Inxweme yomlambo i-aquarium enkulu ihamba ngamanzi ngokuqhelekileyo, kukulungele ukutya zonke izityalo ezingaphantsi kwamanzi.

Ulwandle lwesiLwandle kwi-Aquarium

Imithombo yokufakelwa kwamanzi ahlambulukileyo, iqhekeza eliqingqiweyo lomhlaba eliqokelelwe elwandle lufanelekile, kodwa ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa kufuneka kuhlanjululwe kakuhle, kususwe iityulela zetyuwa kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo. Isanti esiqhelekileyo kwi-aquarium ukusuka elwandle iphezulu, ikhula kakuhle kwaye ikhula intlanzi. Ukuba ulungelelaniso olungcono, ungazihlunga nge sieve, uhlukanise iziqwenga zearbols ekudlulayo. Kucetyiswa ukuba uhlolisise amanzi ukuze azalise emva kokuzaliswa, usebenzisa iimvavanyo ezilungeleyo.

Kwi-aquariums zasolwandle, unokubeka "isihlabathi esiphilayo" kunye neenkoloni zama-microorganisms zasolwandle ezingatshatyalaliswa ngexesha lothutho. Akungena kwinkqubo yokumisa kwaye inceda ukulungelelanisa ukulinganisela kwamanzi ngokukhawuleza. Emoyeni, lolu hlobo lomhlaba aluvumelekile, emva kweeyure ezimbalwa i-microflora ibulewe, "inhlabathi esiphilayo" ye-aquarium iyaba yinto engafanelekanga. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-substrates eziselwandle ezenziwe ngokulungelelaniswa kunye neebhaktheriya zibekwe kwicala elincinci kwi-quartz elula okanye kumlambo.

Isanti ye-coral ye-aquarium

Umhlaba we-Aragonite ufunyenwe kwiifomthi elwandle, apho iindawo ezidityanisiweyo ze-corals kunye ne-mollusks ziqokelela. Kulo mhlaba, umxholo ophezulu we-calcium, isanti ehlobisayo ye-aquarium ukusuka kwiimvumba zezinto eziphilayo ziyakwandisa ubunzima bendalo. I-coral crumb ithengiswa ngeqhekeza eyahlukileyo, iyenzise ngokufanelekileyo kwihlabathi elwandle elingaphantsi kwamanxweme kunye ne-alkine ecosystems.

Inqanti emhlophe e-aquarium

Abathandi bavame ukusebenzisa ukucokisa itanki, yomhlaba omhlophe kunye nemixube yombala. I-primer ye-aquarium yesihlabathi esimhlophe ingaba nemvelaphi eyahlukileyo, eninzi enokuyenza kunye nempahla yeekhemikhali. Lo mbala uvame ukufumaneka kwindalo, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuyisebenzisa ngokucophelela ngomhlaba, emva kokuqhelanisa ngokucophelela kunye nokubunjwa kwawo.

Iintlobo zesanti ezimhlophe ze-aquarium:

• isanti yomlambo;
• isanti ukusuka elwandle;
• Isanti yesi-Aragonite ukusuka kuma-corals amancinci amhlophe kunye neebhokhwe;
• isihlabathi se-quartz, esithotywe ngokutyunjwa kwe-quartz emhlophe.

Isanti se-quartz emnyama ye-aquarium

Lo mmbala unikeza umhlabathi i-ilmenite, i-magnetite okanye i-hematite, ekwahlukileyo ngokwahlukileyo ekhona ekubunjweni kwayo. Inxuwa ebomvu e-aquarium inokusetyenziswa ngaphandle kwemimiselo, ayitshintshi iimpawu zendalo, ngoko-aquarist ayinakukhathazeka ngokunyuka kokungabikho kokunyuka kwamanzi. Xa kuthelekiswa nomhlaba omhlophe wekhephu, imvelaphi emnyama yehlabathi elingaphantsi kwamanzi inenzuzo kakhulu, kuzo zonke iintlobo zezinto eziphilayo zibonakala zikhanya. Ukunciphisa umzekelo, kuyinqweneleka ukusebenzisa i-sand mnyama nje kuphela, kodwa i-substrate ene-gray hue.

Isanti lemibala ye-aquarium

Imixube enemibala iyanceda ukuhlobisa ingaphakathi lobukumkani obungaphantsi kwamanzi ngokungaqhelekanga, ngokudala kalula iindawo ezihlukahlukeneyo ezicacileyo ezicacileyo ezantsi ukuze zifanise iimfuyo zakho eziqhelekileyo. Kwimibuzo yoluhlobo luni lentlabathi olufunekayo kwi-aquarium, kucetyiswa ukukhokelwa ngamanyathelo okukhusela. Umhlaba ombala akufanele ube nengozi kwiintlanzi, ungathinteli ipesenteji yobunzima kunye ne-asidi yendalo. I-quartz efanelekileyo ye-substrate yekhwalithi ephakamileyo, enqwenelekayo ukuyihlanza ngaphambi kokuzaliswa.

Indlela yokulungiselela ilanga le-aquarium?

Kucetyiswa ukuba ungathembi iincwadana zentengiso kwaye ulungiselele umhlaba ngomhla wokuzalisa kwisitya kunye nentlanzi. Isanti enkulu enkulu ye-aquarium enezinto eziqhelekileyo kufuneka zixhomekeke kwimisebenzi emininzi eyayiza kukhusela abemi base-aqua. Inkqubo yokulungiselela i-substrate ilula kwaye inamandla kunoma yimuphi umtsha.

Amanyathelo okulungiselela isanti kwi-aquarium:

1. Ukuhlamba kuqhutywa ngokuqhuba amanzi kwisitya esilungileyo. Ukusebenza rhoqo ngesanti kwiibhasi okanye kwiibhakethi kubangela umonakalo kwengubo.
2. Ukuze kube lula, isanti iyahlula ibe yi-3-4 kg.
3. Sihlamba umhlaba kummandla apho umbane ohambayo awuyi kubonakala ngokucacileyo.
4. Izintsalela zothuli lwehlabathi ziphakama kwaye zisuswe.
5. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-disinfection kwenziwa ngokubilisa imizuzu eyi-15-20 ngokuxuba rhoqo umxube wentlabathi.
6. Emva kokubilisa, umhlaba uhlamba kwakhona.
7. Ezinye iindlela zokungahlanjululwa - ukubala kwii-ovens, unyango nge-10% yeklorine isisombululo.
8. Yenza ilanga elikhanyayo elimnyama lisize ukulifaka kwisisombululo esinamandla sama-manganese.
9. Ukususwa kwe-carbonates engaphezulu kwesanti kwi-aquarium kuvelisa isisombululo se-30% se-citric acid. Unyango luphela emva kokuba izibhokolo zomoya ziyeke ukukhutshwa emanzini, kwaye umhlaba uhlamba.

Ungathambisa njani isanti kwi-aquarium?

Kukulungele ukusebenzisana ne-spatula yeplastiki, kunceda ukusasaza umxube ngokulinganayo, ngaphandle kokuphula i-glass. I-substrate okanye i-peat enezondlo zihlala zifakwa phantsi ukwenzela ukukhawulezisa ukuqala kwenkqubo yamanzi. Amatye amaninzi kufuneka afakwe kwi-matam, ekhusela ukuhlukana. Silala isanti esilula okanye yokuhlobisa i-aquarium kwisitya ngaphandle kwamanzi, sigcina ispapula esezantsi, nayiphi na ilitye ephakamileyo iyakwazi ukuphula umphezulu.

Intlambo yenziwe eludongeni lwangaphambili, ukubunjwa neqhekeza elikhulu kuthululwa ukusuka ngaphantsi, kwaye isanti esilungileyo isetyenziswe phezulu. Inketho eqhelekileyo ngumqolo wesanti emva kwe-8 cm, kwindonga yangaphambili-ukuya kwi-2 cm. Ukuba ufuna, i-spatula yenza umhlaba ube yinto ekhethekileyo okanye yenza umgca womhlaba kumgangatho we-aquarium. Iziqulatho ze-multilevel zilula ukudala ngoncedo lwamatye, ukwahlula ezantsi kwimida.

Unesihlabathi esingakanani oyifunayo kwi-aquarium?

Kulula ukubala inani lomhlaba kwi-aquarium ukusuka kwisanti ngomhlathi osemgangathweni. Okokuqala, misela umthamo weetanki kwiilitha, uze uhlule inani eliphumelelayo ngo-10. Kukulungele ukulinganisa ilitha yokuqala yentlabathi eyomileyo ukuze ufumane ubunzima obufunayo bomhlaba kwiikhilogram, xa ufanele uthenge kwivenkile. Ezi zibalo zilinganiselwa, kodwa zinceda ukuqikelela inani lomhlaba kwi-aquarium efunekayo kwiintlanzi kunye nokukhula kwintlabathi yezityalo.

Ukukhathalela isanti kwi-aquarium

Inkunkuma yentlanzi, isityalo isala kwaye isondla ingcolise umhlaba, ikhulule iibisiki emanzini. Ngethuba lokuqala, i-siphon ihlambuluke iintsuku ezingama-30 emva kokuqala kwendalo, yonke into yenziwe ngenyanga. Amanzi amdaka entlabathi e-aquarium ayinakukuthintela intlanzi, akumele ikhutshwe. Zonke izitya ziyakucocwa ngokucoca ngokupheleleyo, kodwa ngenxa yale njongo kufuneka ususe iintlanzi kunye nezityalo, uhlambe isanti kumanzi. Ukucoca ngokucacileyo kwendawo kunye nomhlaba wenziwa kanye ngonyaka.

Ungasusa njani isanti kwi-aquarium?

Umsebenzi wokuhlambulula isanti kwi-aquarium isisombululo nge siphon elula. I-tube ne-funnel ikhulula ngokufanelekileyo umhlaba, isanti kunye negravel ihlala phantsi, kwaye udoti uyanconywa kwi-tube. Emva kwemizuzwana embalwa i-siphon ihamba kwaye umjikelezo womsebenzi uphinda. Kubalulekile ukongeza umbane kwisitya sokubuyisela umthamo ofunwayo. Ukuxhatshazwa kwamanzi ekuqaleni kunokuphazamisa umtsalane, kodwa le nkqubo iqhelekileyo kwaye kungekudala i-ecosystem ibuyiselwa.