Ukugonywa ngumlinganiselo onyanzelekileyo kunoma yimuphi umphakathi ophucukileyo. Umntu wokuqala owaziwayo kunye nokugonywa kwabaninzi bethu kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza emva kokuzalwa. Ngelo xesha, wonke umntu uyaqonda ukuba ukufakwa kwesigontsho kubaluleke kakhulu kwaye kuyimfuneko. Nangona kunjalo, ngokufika komntwana wabo, abazali baqala ukucinga ngemfuno yabo. Ngoko ke, enye yezihloko ezitshisileyo zokuxubusha phakathi koomama ngaphezu konyaka omnye ngumbuzo wokuba izitofu ziyimfuneko kubantwana, ngokwenene zizisindisa kwizifo eziyingozi. Amama kunye neentsana zeentsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa zixhalabele ngokukodwa, eziphilileyo zibuthathaka. Kakade, ulwazi malunga nalo mbandela aluhambelani. Ngoko ke, siya kukuxelela ngemibono emibini echasene nayo - izitofu zintsana kunye nokuchasene. Ewe, kukuya kuwe ukugqiba isigqibo somntwana wakho.
Izitofu zeentsana: iintsapho
Umntu ngamnye unendlela ekhuselekileyo yokukhusela, inokunceda ukulwa nezifo ezininzi. Kodwa intsholongwane yokuzalwa yintsholongwane kunobuthakathaka, ngoko ke kukho umngcipheko wesiphumo esingathandekiyo sosulelo. Isizathu esona sizathu sokwenyelwa kwabantwana kukuba ukugonywa kwengane kuya kukhuthaza ukubonakala kweengqungquthela kwi-pathogen ethile kwigazi lomntwana. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuthethi ukuba umntwana akagulayo nonke. Ukuba i-crumb yakho kwaye "ibamba" intsholongwane, iza kuyenza ngendlela elula, kwaye igweme iingxaki kunye nemiphumo emibi. Kwakhona, ekuthandweni kwimbono malunga nokuba kuyimfuneko yokwenza izitofu, uthi i-vaccination epheleleyo yabantwana inceda ukucima "ukuqubuka" kwezifo ezithathelwanayo, ngoko ke ukuphepha iintsholongwane.
I-inoculation yokuqala kwiintsana ezisekuzalweni sele isesibhedlele. Le BCG i-inoculation ngesifo sofuba. Izigulana zokuqala zentsana ziquka ukugonywa kwe-hepatitis B, isitofu sokugonya sinikezelwa abantwana kwiiyure eziyi-12 zobomi. Yaye ke ayithandwanga ngabazali be-DTP (ngokuchasene ne-diphtheria, ukukhwehlela nokukhwehlela i-tetanus) kunye ne-OPV (ngokumelene ne-piliomyelitis) ngokokuqala ngqa ibekwe kwiinyanga ezintathu, ukuba akukho nconywa yonyango.
Ngaloo ndlela, kwimpikiswano malunga ne-"Inoculations kubantwana abasandul 'ukuzalwa" kwaye sihlolisise iimeko ezintle zokugonya.
Ukugonywa okusemthethweni kwabantwana abatsha: iingxabano "ngokumelene"
Naphezu kweenzuzo zokugonywa, kunenye icala, apho abazali abaninzi bakhokelela ekugatheni izitofu zokukhusela . Bachaza ukhetho lwabo ngeendlela ezininzi.
Okokuqala, ekuqaleni kobomi umntwana usinikwe izitofu ezininzi. Umzimba wakhe usabuthakathaka, kwaye emva koko, unyaka ufanele uphile kwi-injections engama-5 yesigontsho. Oku kwandisa ngakumbi imeko ye-immune system kwaye inqande ukuba ibe yinto.
Okwesibini, uninzi lwabachasene nezigulana eziza kutshatyalaliswa luloyiko lweziphumo ezivame ukuvela kwiintsana ngexesha lexesha lokugoma. Abantu abaninzi banomkhuhlane ophezulu (38-39.5 degrees), kukho umkhuhlane. Iintsana zinokuba luncedo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, kwanabusuku, ukwenqaba ukutya. Indawo apho isitofu sokugonya sifaka khona ukuvuvukala kunye nokuvuselela, kubangela intlungu kumntwana. Ukongezelela, ezinye izitofu ziqulethe izinto ezinobuthi ezinobunzima obangela ukunyamezeka komzimba kubantwana.
Okwesithathu, ngelishwa, iimeko xa izitolo ebuntwaneni zisakhula, oko kukuthi,
Okwesine, ukucinga malunga nokuba izitofu ziyimfuneko kwiintsana ezisanda kuzalwa, zenza ukuba ingozi yezifo ezithile iguqulwa. Oku kusebenza kwindawo yokuqala ku-hepatitis B, intsholongwane exhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwamacandelo ebantwini abakhokela ubomi bokungafani.
Ewe, ekugqibeleni, kuya kubazali! Kufuneka ukuba uqikelele ngokucophelela zonke iingxaki kunye neengxaki zokugonywa kwabantwana, kuba le nto ikhathaza umntwana ozayo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, kunengqiqo ukuqhuba ugonyo olukhethiweyo ngokubhekiselele kwizifo ezitsha ezisongela ubomi.