Imbali yeYiputa yamandulo igcwele iimfihlelo ezahlukileyo, ezininzi ezo izazinzulu zisakwazi ukuzisombulula. Ingqalelo yakho - iimbali ezimbalwa ezingavamile.
Imiphakathi eminingi yasendulo inegama eliyimfihlakalo, izazinzulu zizama ukufumanisa iimfihlelo zazo ezingaphezu kweminyaka elishumi. Iimfihlakalo zivuliwe kwaye iYiputa - kukho imibuzo eninzi engaphenduliweyo, kwaye ngoku ungenza kuphela ukucinga.
1. Ukuphathwa kwegranite
Ukuba ukhangele ukuqhutyelwa kwe-granite sarcophagi, akunakwenzeka ukumangaliswa kumgangatho ophezulu womsebenzi. Akucaci indlela amaYiputa asekuqaleni ayifumene ngayo ngaphandle kwikhokhnoloji yanamhlanje. Ngaloo mihla, isetyenziswe ngamatye kunye netyebhethi ezingenakukwazi ukujamelana nelilitye elinamandla.
2. Kuphi amandla anjalo?
Kwintendelezo yetempile yesikhumbuzo seRamses II, kwafunyanwa imifanekiso eqingqiweyo. Khawucinge nje, yenziwe yinto enye ye-pink granite kwaye yayinokuphakama kweemitha ezili-19. Ukubala okulinganiselweyo kubonisa ukuba ubunzima besifanekiso sonke singaba malunga neetoni ezili-100. Indlela eyenziwe ngayo kwaye ithuthwa kwindawo leyo ayicaci. Konke oku kubonakala kukunye uhlobo lomlingo.
3. Isangqa setye eliyimfihlakalo
Ingqungquthela ilitye eyaziwayo kakhulu yi-Stonehenge, kodwa akuyena kuphela woluhlobo lwayo, umzekelo, kukho isakhiwo esinjalo eYiputa esezantsi. I-Nabta-Playa-Stone iqoqo lamatye adibeneyo afunyanwe ngo-1974. Iingcali zenzululwazi azikaze ziyiqonde injongo yangempela yolu hlobo.
4. Yintoni ngaphakathi kwipiramidi edumile?
Ummangaliso wehlabathi, okhangela izigidi zabantu abakhenkethi, ufihle iimfihlelo ezininzi. Ngokomzekelo, wonke umntu wayeqinisekile ukuba iipiramidi zeCeops zineenkamelo ezintathu, kodwa iimvavanyo zandul 'ukutshatyalaliswa kwalo mbono. Ukuqhuba uphando, iirobhothi ezincinci zisetyenzisiwe, ezazihamba ngeendlela kwaye zihlolwe. Ngenxa yoko, imifanekiso ibonakalisa imigudu engazange ibonwe ngaphambili. Kukho ukucinga ukuba phantsi kwepiramidi kukho indawo efihliweyo.
5. Ivenkile yeesitampu esinqabileyo
Ukufumana okungaqhelekanga kwakulindelwe u-Angelo Sesana, umdala wezinto zakudala, owenza uphando eYiputa. Phakathi kweendonga kwafunyanwa ibhokisi eneminyaka engama-2000 yembali, kwaye kwafunyanwa kuyo izibini ezisixhenxe zetempile. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba akuyiyo imveliso yendawo, kwaye ke yayibiza. Yayiyiphi isigqibo? Ngendlela, ngaba uqaphele ukuba izicathulo zifana kakhulu neVietnam eyaziwayo kweli hlabathi lanamhlanje?
6. Amehlo amahle e-crystal
Kwezinye izifanekiselo zaseYiputa zasendulo unako ukubona abafundi abenziwe ngekristal yedwala emehlweni. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziphazamiseka ukuba kwakunokwenzeka njani ukufumana ukusetyenziswa kwalo mgangatho ngaphandle kokushiya nokushiya matshini. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba oku kufaka, njengamehlo omntu, utshintshe umthunzi kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokukhanya kwaye ulandele isakhiwo se-retina. Uninzi lwentsebenziswano yeelensi eYiputa yamandulo lwasasazeka malunga ne-2500 BC, kwaye ngoko iteknoloji ngesizathu esithile iyeka ukusebenzisa.
7. Yintoni eyabangela ukufa kweTutankhamun?
Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zaqhuba izifundo ezingaphezu kweyodwa, kodwa azikwazanga ukucacisa isizathu esona saso sokufa kukaFaro omninzi waseGibhithe. Kukho izazinzulu ezinokuqiniseka ukuba iTutankhamun yafa ngenxa yempilo embi, njengoko abazali bakhe babengumzalwana nodade. Kukho enye inguqu esekelwe kwimifanekiso ye-x kunye ne-tomography yomama. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuba izibambo zikaFaro zonakaliswe, kwaye ezinye zazingekho, kwaye umlenze wakhe waphula. Oku kubangela ukuba ukufa kwabangelwa, mhlawumbi, ngokuwa.
8. Ihlabathi elingummangaliso lokungcwaba
Umbhali waseBrithani wase-British wenza iimpango ngo-1908 waza wafumana indawo yokungcwaba yasebukhosini kufuphi neQurna, apho kwakufunyenwe khona i-sarcophagi ezimbini. Ngethuba bahlala kwiNational Museum yaseScotland. Izifundo zibonise ukuba zingabakwi-XVII okanye i-XVIII, kwaye izidumbu zazingaphezu komama kaTutankhamun, malunga neminyaka engama-250. Omnye umama ngumfazi oselula, kwaye owesibini ungumntwana, mhlawumbi wakhe. Imizimba yabo yayihlotshiswe ngegolide nangeendlovu.
9. Isiphumo seNefertiti
Omnye wabalawuli abadumileyo baseYiputa yamandulo wabusa kunye noFaro Akhenaten. Kukho iziphakamiso zokuba wayengumbusi-cosi, kodwa kukho inzululwazi ezithi wayeyi-farao epheleleyo. Akusaziwa indlela ubomi bukaNefertiti buphela ngayo kwaye ingcwatywa khona.
Igama langempela leSphinx
Isi sidalwa sentsomi asinalo ulwazi oluninzi ngendlela enokuthanda ngayo. Umzekelo, kungekhona nje abantu abaqhelekileyo, kodwa oososayensi abazange bakwazi ukucacisa ukuba yintoni le nto imifanekiso eqingqiweyo. Esinye isihloko esixhalabisa: kutheni ukhethwa ngokuthe ngqo igama elithi "Sphinx", mhlawumbi eli gama linobumba obalulekileyo.
Ubukumkani obungamangalanga bukaYam
Ukuqulunqwa kwamaphepha avumelekile ukuba afunde ukuba ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-4 eyadlulayo eYiputa ubukumkani obubizwa ngokuba yiYam, eyayizityebi kwaye ikhule. Ama-Egyptologists asazi ukuba bekuphi kwaye, mhlawumbi, iya kuhlala iyimfihlo, njengoko idilesi ilahlekile.
12. Ukumemeza okukrakra komama
Abantu abaninzi, bebona imifanekiso yamamemoni, bayaqiniseka ukuba bayamemeza kwaye, mhlawumbi, kuba abantu bafa bebuhlungu. Kukho iinzululwazi ezikholelwa ukuba abanye abantu baseYiputa basendulo bangcwatywa bephila. Ezinye izazinzululwazi zenza ukucinga okuhlukile: umlomo wabafileyo wavulwa ngokukhethekileyo ukwenzela ukuba ngexesha lemimikhosi umoya ungashiya umzimba kwaye uye emva kokufa.