- Indawo: 1200 km ngasentla kwidolophu yasePerth
- Ubude: 260-300 km
Ulwandle lwaseIndiya phakathi kwabemi abaninzi banxulumene ngokusondeleyo kunye neziqithi zesundu, olunxwemeni olushushu lwaseAfrika kunye ne-mpuma ye-Asia. Kodwa musa ukulibala malunga nelizwekazi elinomdla njenge- Australia , inxalenye yalo ibuye ihlanjwe ngamanzi afudumele. Kukho iindawo ezininzi zokuhlala, iindawo ezinxweme ezizinzileyo kunye neziqheno zemvelo. Sincoma ukuba siqhelane nomkhombe omuhle weN Ningal.
Igama elimnandi elithi Ningalu lingumlambo omkhulu we-coral, ohlala ecaleni lentshona-ntshonalanga ye-Australia e-Indian Ocean kufuphi ne-Exmouth Bay. Umgama werhox kwisixeko esikufuphi sasePerth malunga neekhilomitha eziyi-1200. I-Ningalu icingelwa ngokusemthethweni ukuba yiyona nxweme enkulu kunxweme yase-Australia kunye nomlambo omkhulu kunxweme: ubude bayo malunga neekhilomitha eziyi-260-300. Umlambo ngokwawo ujikeleza kwaye ululale kufuphi neNorth-West Cape Peninsula kude kumitha eyi-100 ukuya kwiikhilomitha ezili-7.
Yintoni enomdla malunga ne-Ningaloo Reef?
Igama le-reef - i-Ningaloo - iguqulelwe ukusuka kulwimi lwabahlali basekhaya njenge "cape", kukholelwa ukuba i-reef yenzelwe iminyaka engaphezu kweyure leminyaka, kuba ngokweengcali zezinto zakudala zaseAustralia zihlala ubuncinane iminyaka engama-30. Ukususela ngo-1987, i-reef kunye namanzi alo azungezile iye yaziwa njengepaki kazwelonke yase-Australia. Abasemagunyeni belizwe bathetha ukuba ukulondolozwa kweentlobo ze-shark whale, eziqokelelwa rhoqo kule ndawo ukuya kwi-3-5 yamakhulu, izifundo zazo, kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwendalo yonke ye-karst kunye namagquma ayo kunye namanxiwa kwinqanaba elibaluleke kakhulu ekuphuhlisweni kwezokhenketho.
Ukususela ngo-2011, indawo yonke yolondolozo yepaki ibandakanywe kwiLifa leMveli le-UNESCO. Inxweme yonxweme ye-Ningalu yonxweme ingaxhomekeke ngokucacileyo kwisakhiwo seNorth West Cape Peninsula, apho iCape Range National Park ikhona khona. Inyaniso kukuba i-peninsula yenziwa ngenxa yamathambo asezilwanyana zasendulo ahlambuluke ngamanzi omlambo, ahlala apha izigidi zeminyaka edlulileyo. Esi siseko senze imibala eyahlukeneyo yombala kwilizwe: ipinki, i-orange, ibomvu nabanye. Emanzini asekuhlaleni, emacaleni emifuma kunye namanzi angaphantsi kwamanzi anama-75 eentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana ezingaphantsi kwamanzi.
Imozulu nesimo sezulu se-Ningalu reef
Ihlobo le-southern hemisphere kwiNxweme ye-Ningalu liqala ukususela ngoDisemba ukuya kuFebhuwari, kwaye ubusika ukususela ngoJuni ukuya ku-Agasti. Ngaloo ndlela, izinga lokushisa ehlobo liphuma kwi-21-38 degrees Celsius, ngelixa ubusika busika luvela kwi-12 ukuya kwi-25 degrees. Imvula yamanzi yonyaka i-200-300 millimeters, eyenza isimo sezulu sendawo sitshintshe, nangona ukuba ukubunjwa kwemvula yendawo kuncike kakhulu ekukhuphukeni kwamanzi, ukuhlaselwa kunye namaqhwithi.
Ngendlela, iibhokongo kule ndawo zingenanto. Badlula kanye emva kweminyaka emi-3-5, beza kunye nemvula eninzi, echaphazela kakhulu ukukhula kweentyantyambo kunye nezityalo, kunye ne-hydration kunye nokunikezelwa kwamanzi kwendawo yokumangcwaba.
Iiflora kunye nezilwanyana
I-flora ejikeleze umkhombe we-Ningalu ihluke kakhulu: kukho i-taxa kuphela ye-630 yezityalo ze-vascular. Zonke ezinye iiflethi zonxweme zixhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaba kunye nomhlaba-ikakhulukazi izihlahla, i-eucalyptus, i-acacia kunye nemikhoro. Iintlobo ezili-18 zezityalo zikhula kuphela kule nxweme, kwaye isityalo esinjengeVerticordia forrestii siphelele kwiShark Bay esiseduze.
Umthombo we-Ningalu phakathi kwezinto zendalo ziyaziwa ngokubanzi ngabantu abasebenzisa i-whale sharks, kodwa ucebile kakhulu kwii-corals ezahlukeneyo kunye nolunye uselwandle. Umzekelo, ngexesha lebusika kule ndawo yamanzi siyaphuma ngokufuduka kweemvula zempuphu endleleni eya e-Antarctica-oku kuyimangalisa. Ehlabathini lomhlaba, kukho iintlobo ezikhulayo nezikhulayo ezifana ne-manta, i-dugong kunye namahlengethwa, kwaye kukho iindidi ze-sharks ezingama-19 ngaphandle kwe-whale. Amanzi angancinci e-reef ithathwa njengento ebalulekileyo yokuzalisa iintlobo ezintandathu zeentlanzi zasolwandle kunye nezinye iinyoka zeentlanzi ezinobuthi.
Iingcali zezilwanyana zibala malunga neentlobo ezingama-738 zeentlanzi ezitshatyalaliswayo kunye nombala ongaqhelekanga kunye ocacileyo, iindidi ezingama-300 ze-coral, iintlobo ezingama-600 zama-invertebrates kunye nama-crustaceans kunye neentlobo ezi-1 000 zezityalo zaselwandle. Kwaye kwiindawo ezinzulu ze-reef zihlala zithule izilwanyana ezingama-25 ze-echinoderms kunye neentlobo ze-sponges eziyi-155, kungekho ezimbalwa. Ukususela ngo-2006, uhlobo olutsha lweepongwane luye lwafunyanwa emanzini azinzulu, ukususela ngoko bekuye kwabonwa kwaye yafundiswa.
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Iziganeko zengxangxube yexesha elizayo laseNangaloo
Ngaphandle kokukhuselwa kunye nokunika intsimi yendawo yokuloba isimo sePaki kaZwelonke, impikiswano kunye nokuzama ukutshintsha ikhondo likaRhulumente wase-Australia ukwenzela ukudala indawo yendawo yokutyelela kule ndawo ayikupheli. Zonke iiprojekthi zokwakhiwa nophuhliso lwentengiso yonxweme ziye zaqhwala namhlanje, kodwa ke izigidi ezingama-180 000 zivakashela ipaki ngonyaka.
Kunokuthiwa ukuba amanani karhulumente kunye nabalobi base-Australia kunye ne-Oceania benza igalelo elikhulu ekulondolozeni isimo semvelo se-Ningalu, esingavumeli ukuba le nto ihambe emthunzini. Omnye umntu onjalo - uTim Winon - wanikela ngeedola ezingama-25 zase-Australia kwiinkampani zokulondolozwa nokufunda ngendawo. Kwaye njengokuba uyazi, ngokuqhelekileyo kuphela izipho zabantu abaqaphelayo kwaye zigcina iipaki ezininzi kwaye zikhusele izinto eziphilayo kwihlabathi.
Ndingafika njani?
Ukufika kwindawo yamanzi yomlambo ilula kakhulu: ukusuka nasiphi na isixeko esikhulu e-Australia okanye kwisixeko sasePerth, kufuneka ubalekele edolophini yaseLirmont, kwaye ukusuka apho ukuya kwelinye idolophu encinci - i-Exmus, eyona "yokungena" e-Ningal, uya kugqiba ngebhasi. Ixesha elona linomdla kakhulu lokutyelela ipaki ukususela ngo-Ephreli ukuya kuJulayi ngamathuba okubona i-humpback whale. Khawukhumbule ukuba akuvumelekanga ukuba achukumise nayiphi na ummeli weflora kunye nezilwanyana.
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