Ukulungiselela amazambane ekutsalweni - imithetho eyisiseko yokucwangcisa izinto zokutyala

Ukwandisa isivuno, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulungiselela amazambane zokutshala, okucetyiswa yimithetho. Kukho iinkqubo ezininzi ezigunyazisiweyo kunye neendlela ezisetyenziselwa ukucubungula. Abalimi abanolwazi banikezela izilwanyana ezibonisa ubungqina bokungcwina.

Ungalungiselela njani iifatati zokutshala?

Abalimi abaninzi beloli baqhelaniswe nale meko xa ityala lokutsalwa kweziqhamo livelise isivuno esaneleyo, nangona ukuthambisa, ukunyuka kwexesha kuqhutyelwa rhoqo, kwaye izinto zokutyala zinomgangatho ophezulu. Iingcali zithi oku kubangelwa ukuba i-potato ayilungele ukutyala entwasahlobo. Iquka inani leenkqubo ezibalulekileyo kunye neyeza kunye nezicwangciso ezinoncedo.

Ukulungiselela ama-tuber tubers ukutyala

Kukho inani leenkqubo ezicetyiswayo ukuba zisebenzise ukulungiselela izilimo eziyizigawuli zokutshala:

1. Okokuqala, kufuneka uhlalutye kwizityalo zengcambu, uphonsa iikopi ezonakalisiweyo. Emva kokulinganiswa, apho izilimo eziyi-tubers ezinomlinganiselo ongaphantsi kwama-30 g kunye no-100 g zisuswe. Ama-specimens asele ahlukaniswe ngamaqela amathathu: amancinci, aphakathi kwaye aphezulu. Zifanele zityalwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
2. Ukulungiselela kufaka ukufudumala, okukhawuleza ukuhluma. Kunconywa ukubamba imifuno engcambu elangeni okanye kwindawo efudumeleyo.
3. Inyanzelekile yi-kerbovka-ukuchongwa kwe-tuber. Ngaphezulu kweentso zokulala, isicatshulwa senziwa ngendlela ye-crescent.
4. Ibakala elibaluleke kakhulu ekulungiseleleni ukuhluma kweetatate ekukhanyeni, ukuze ukwazi ukukhawuleza ukubunjwa kwesityalo kwiiveki ezimbalwa.

Kunokuba usebenze amazambane phambi kokuhluma ekubhankeni?

Kukho ukhetho olubanzi lweendlela ezisetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kwezilimo ezinobuncwane ezinceda ekukhuseleni kwizifo kunye nezinambuzane, ukwandisa umveliso kunye nokunyamezela kwezityalo.

1. Ukusetyenziswa kwamazambane ngaphambi kokuhluma kungenziwa nge-sulfate yethusi. Hlanganisa iilitha ezintathu zamanzi kunye ne-1 teaspoon ye powder. Iibhubhu zibhaptizwa kwisisombululo esilungeleyo kwi-1 min. Ungayifakraza uze uyomise iifatata.
2. Ukusebenzisa iinkqubo zeekhemikhali, izichumisi zentsimbi ziphathwa. Ngomhla wokutshala i-tubers, gcoba isichumisi esixakekileyo kwisisombululo seyure, ke somileyo kunye nomhlaba.
3. Kwilungiselelo lezambatho zokutshala, unyango kunye nezikhuthazo zokukhula zingabandakanywa. Yenza ngcono ngakumbi ngosuku ngaphambi kokungena.
4. Ukuthintela ukuphuhliswa kwezifo, kunokwenzeka ukuba uthule iifatate kunye nomlotha ngaphambi kokutyala.
5. Ukubethelwa kakuhle, okuyimfuneko kwiindawo apho isikrama kunye ne-rizoctonia ziqhelekileyo. Ngaphambi kokutyala, iifatata zenziwe ngesisombululo se-40% "Formalin" kunye namanxenye angama-200 amanzi. Beka iibhubhu kwindawo yamanzi ephelileyo imizuzu emi-5, uze ususe kwaye ugubungele i-tarpaulin ngeeyure ezimbalwa. Kubalulekile ukuba ungabonakali izilwanyana ezihluma.

Ukuhluma okufanelekileyo kwezambatho ngaphambi kokutshala

Ukwandisa isivuno, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuqhutywe i-vernalization. Iquka imisebenzi emininzi.

1. Ukulungiswa kuhle kakhulu ekwindla, xa kuvunwa kuvuna. Beka iizambatho kwindawo enye ekukhanyeni, kwaye xa ijika emnyama, yifake kwisitoreji.
2. Ngexesha lokuqinisekisa, ubuncinane kathathu rhoqo kwiintsuku ezingama-7-10, ukupompa izisombululo zesondlo zenziwa. Ngenxa yolu khetho iindlela ezikhethekileyo zisetyenzisiweyo, umzekelo, " Rastorin " okanye " Nitrofoska ". Isisombululo silungiselelwe i-1 ithispoon yokulungiselela kunye no-3 litres zamanzi zixutywe.
3. Imithetho yokuhluma kwezambatho ngaphambi kokutshala ingaquka ukugqithisa okomileyo, okufuna ukuhluma okumile kumbane. Kubalulekile ukuba ukukhanya kuwele kuzo zonke iingcambu. Ngexesha, iimpawu ezingenayo i-germs kufuneka zisuswe.
4. Enye inketho yindlela yokumisela emanzi, eyenziwa ngeveki ngaphambi kokutyala. Okokuqala yenza i-substrate ngokuxuba i-sawdust kunye ne-peat. Ngaphantsi kwebhokisi kufaka ifilimu, ibekwe kwelinye okanye ezimbini kwietayibhile, kwaye ihlanganiswe ne-substrate. Kubalulekile ukubeka iliso kumswakama, ngoko ke, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukutyiliswa kwenziwa.

Indlela yokulungiselela imbewu yokutyala?

Abaninzi abakusoliyo ukuba kunokwenzeka ukukhulisa izitata, ukusetyenziswa kungekhona ingcambu, kodwa imbewu. Ngenxa yale njongo, ezi zilandelayo zifanelekile: "Impress", "Buyisela" kunye ne "Ilona".

1. Ukulungiswa kwembewu yezambatyambo zokutyala kuqala ngokuvuna kwayo.
2. Emva kweentyantyambo, amajikijolo aluhlaza akhiwa kwiindawo ezihlambulukileyo, ezifanele ziqokelelwe kwaye ziboshwe kwesikhwama se-gauze kwaye zifakwe kwindawo ekhanyayo kwaye efudumeleyo, ukuze zivuthiwe.
3. Emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, amajikijolo aya kukhanya kwaye athambile. Bamele bachithwe, bahlanjululwe emanzini, baze bamiswe.
4. Hlala endaweni eyomileyo nendawo emnyama ngokungapheli iminyaka emibili. Xa imbewu ikulungele ukutshala, ibukeka njengeembewu zeesame, kodwa i-marble-brown embala.

Indlela yokulungisa imbewu yezambane ngaphambi kokutyala?

Ukulungiselelwa kungaquka ukucwangciswa ngabalawuli bokukhula. Iifhytohormones zisetyenziselwa le njongo, ekhusela izifo kunye nokwandisa ukuhluma. Ukucwangciswa kwembewu yezambane ngaphambi kokuhluma kungaxhomekeke ekusebenziseni iikhemikhali ezikhethekileyo, eziye zenziwe kwi-stort in shop shop. Ukongezelela, kukho izilungiso zabantu:

1. Ukuphononongwa okulungileyo malunga ne-ani husks, apho kufuneka uthabathe ngesandla kwaye uthele i-1 ilitha yamanzi abilayo. Ukwandisa ukusebenza kwalolu gxobhozo longeza esinye isisombululo, ukudibanisa ilitha eli-1 lamanzi kunye neepunipoli ezi-2. iipuni zamadota. Ukunyanga kweMbewu kuthatha iiyure ezingama-5-6.
2. Ukulungiselela amazambane zokutshala kungabandakanya unyango nesisombululo esinjalo: xuba 4 tbsp. isipuni se-alo, 1 ithispoon yobusi kunye ne-1 tbsp. amanzi. Ukucoca kufuneka kuhlale malunga neeyure eziyi-8.

Indlela yokuhluma imbewu yezambatho ngaphambi kokutshala?

Ukuhlwayela kufuneka kuqhutywe ekupheleni kukaMatshi okanye ekuqaleni kuka-Epreli. Ngaphambi koku, ukwandisa ithuba lokuhluma, kuyacetyiswa ukuba udibanise imbewu emanzini iintsuku ezingama-3-5, kodwa kuphela azinako ukuthululwa ngokupheleleyo. Yibanike nje kwiingubo ezinomthunzi okanye ipotton pad, kwaye ke nibeke kwindawo efudumeleyo kwaye niphindze niphucule yonke into. Ukongezelela, ukuhluma kwembewu yezambane kubonisa ukuqina kwawo, okufuneka ukuba impahla yokulima ifakwe ngaphakathi kwindlu yokushisa kwindlovu emini, kwaye uyibeke efrijini kwi + 1-2 ° C ubusuku.