Kwiminyaka eyikhulu edlulileyo, ootitshala bathetha ingqalelo rhoqo - ukuba umntwana akalungele ukuqeqeshwa, ngoko akukho mfuneko yokulindela impumelelo kule ntsimi. Amanzi amaninzi aqhubekile ukususela ngelo xesha kwaye ngelo xesha iincwadana ezininzi zobumbonakalisi ziye zavela, ezivumela ukuba zifumane ukulungelelwa kwabantwana ukufunda esikolweni.
Unyaka ngamnye, zonke iintlobo zeemvavanyo kunye nezindlela ziphuculwe kwaye ekuqaleni kuka-2014 zonke i-kindergartens okanye i-DOW yaseRashiya yafudukela kumgangatho omnye wemfundo kaRhulumente okanye i-GEF, esetyenziselwa ukuxilonga ukulungela umntwana esikolweni.
Akubandakanyi nanye, kodwa udibaniso lweendlela eziliqela zokumisela ukuba umfundi oneminyaka yokuqala unokufunda ngokufanelekileyo okanye kufuneka aphuze ngokujoyina isikhungo semfundo.
Uqwalasela ntoni ngexesha lokuvavanya?
Okokuqala sifuna ukuqonda oko kukufumanisa ukulungelelwa kwexesha elizayo lokufunda esikolweni. Iqulethwe ngamacandelo amathathu, ngalinye elo lichaphazela kakhulu umphumo.
- Ukulungelelaniswa komzimba esikolweni kwimeko yakhe jikelele yempilo, ngesiseko sengxelo yonyango. Emva koko, ukuba umntwana unobuthathaka, udla ngokubanda, ngoko kuyimfuneko kuye unyaka ngaphambi kokungena kwiklasi yokuqala ukuba asebenze nzima ukuqeqesha umkhuhlane.
- Ukulungiswa kwengqondo yomntwana ebomini besikolweni ngumxholo ohlangeneyo. Akunjalo kakhulu kumgangatho we-soythi ebizwa ngokuba yi-IQ ebalulekileyo, njengokuba umntwana ekwazi ukubona izinto ezintsha, ukuba anikezele intetho, inkumbulo enhle, zombini yokuhlola kunye nokubonakalayo, ukuba ilumkele.
- Ukuxilongwa kwengqondo yengqondo yomntwana okanye ukulungelelana kwakhe esikolweni kukuqonda ukuba unayo nayiphi na into yokufumana ulwazi olutsha kunye nokuya esikhungweni semfundo, nokuba ulungele ukuthetha ngokutsha, okokuba, nokuba umntwana unemfundo ekhuthazayo.
Umntwana olungiselela ukuya esikolweni kufuneka abe nolwazi oluyisiseko, olulula, ngokombono wabantu abadala, iingcamango, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu kubantwana balo nyaka. Olu lwazi lweentsuku zeveki , zabo kunye nabazali babo, ukukwazi ukucinga ngokucwangcisekileyo nokufumana impendulo kumbuzo obhaliweyo.
I-psychologist, kunye nootitshala, unyaka omnye ngaphambi kokungena kwibanga lokuqala, uqhuba uhlolo lwezilingo, oluquka inkcazo:
- kwinqanaba lokuphuhliswa kwentetho (isigama, intetho ehambelanayo, ukuphulaphula);
- imemori (i-short-term auditory, kunye ne-semantic);
- Isizathu sokufunda (apho umntwana efuna ukuya esikolweni, into ekulindele kuyo);
- ukuhanjiswa kwesandla (zonke iintlobo zokuvavanya ukukopisha iqela lamaphuzu, ukudweba, ukudweba izinto kunye neeleta);
- Ukucinga ngokucokisekileyo kunye nokuthetha (ukukwazi ukufumana ubudlelwane be-causal, ubuchule bokuhlalutya nokuqiqa).
Ukuququzelela, ootitshala kunye neengqondo zezinto zengqondo bayaqaphela ukuba ayihambisani nokulungelelana kwengane inkulumo engalunganga esikolweni, ukungafundi ukufunda, ukungabikho komsebenzi, nokunye okunjalo. Kwiimpawu eziyimfuneko kunyaka odlulileyo kwi-kindergarten kufuneka zihlawule ingqwalaselo eyongezelelweyo kwaye ngoMeyi ukuqhuba kwakhona ukuvavanya ukuze ufunde ukuguqulwa kweenguqu.