Iingqungquthela "Umbhedlele weProrustean", njengoko unokuqagela kwisihloko, weza kuthi ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, xa ibhedi yayibizwa ngokuba ngumbhede, ngokuchanekileyo - ukusuka kwiGrisi yamandulo, iimbali ezinika iilwimi ezininzi ezininzi. Eli xesha lifumene intsingiselo emininzi, izazinzulu zafumanisa ukuba igama lomnini ligcinwe yiGenesen kuphela kwelinye leentlobo.
Umbhede we-Procrustean-intsingiselo yegama elithi
Njengengqungquthela, ibhedi yeProtrus ibonisa uphawu oluthile, isakhelo apho umntu ezama ukunyanzelisa umntu okanye into enokuyithokozisa imilinganiselo eyamkelweyo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, eli binzana lifumene intsingiselo emininzi:
- Imiqathango enokuthintela inkululeko.
- Amanqaku afaka iingxaki ezifanelekileyo.
- Iphutha elinengqiqo eliphazamisa intsingiselo ebalulekileyo.
- Inyaniso ekhohliweyo, enikezelwa kwinzuzo yomnye umntu.
Omnye umbhede we-Procrustean uvame ukubizwa ngokuba ngumbhede ongenakukhathazeka, kodwa oku kuyindlela elula kwaye eqhelekileyo. Kwiminyaka elandelayo ilandelelwano, abaninzi abalobi basebenzisa le-aphorism kumaphephancwadi amaninzi kunye neeveli. Umbhede we-Procrustean - umzekelo wokusetyenziswa eSaltykov-Shchedrin, wabiza ukuba iincwadi zexesha lakhe liphelelwe ngumbhede we-Procrustean wokuhlambalaza ngokunyanisekileyo.
Umbhede we-Procrustean - yintoni le?
Ukuqwalasela imfundiso yamaGrike, ibhedi yeProtrus iyindawo yokuphumla apho umphangi uPretrustes wabeka abahambi kwaye wambeka ekuhlutheni. Wawolulela abancinci ngokukhula, kodwa wanciphisa abo bade ngekrele, banqumla izitho. Kukho ingqungquthela yokuba kukho ezimbini iibhedi ezinjalo nge-sadist:
- Ukwelula umzimba, njengokuba udibanisa.
- Ngentaba ekhuselekile ukucima izandla kunye neenyawo.
Ngubani u Procruste?
Amabali athetha ukuba ngubani u-Procruste ohlukile. Kusuka kwiintsomi, kwaziwa ukuba wayeyindodana kaThixo u-Poseidon, owakhetha indawo yokuhlala kwindlu esondele kwindlela esuka eTresen ukuya eAthene. Ngokwezinye iinkcukacha, indawo ye-Procrust yayiku-Attica, endleleni eya phakathi kweAthene neMegara. Ngenxa yobugwenxa bakhe, iProstes ibizwa ngokuba yinto ebungozi kakhulu kwiGrisi. Imithombo emininzi ikhankanya amagama amaninzi alo mbizi:
- I-Polypemon (leyo ibangela ukubandezeleka okukhulu).
- EDamasko (ukunqoba).
- Procop (truncate).
Kukho ingxelo ethi uPrust wayeyinyana kaSinis, owaya kubazali bakhe: wahlasela abahambi waza wawaqhawula, wahlanganiselwa eziqongweni zemithi. Abanye abaphandi bathi uSinis akayena unyana womphangi owaziwayo, kodwa yena ngokwakhe, kuphela amaGrike ngenxa yezizathu ezithile ezakhela elinye i-sadist elinye igama kunye nendawo engaqhelekanga yokuhlushwa, ebizwa ngokuba yi "Bedrus". Ukuxhasa inkcazo - ukuba iSinis yabulawa yindoda efanayo ne-Procrustes, oku kuqinisekiswa yimithombo eyahlukeneyo.
Umbhede we-Procrustean - intsomi
Ukususela kwiimbali kunzima ukuqonda ukuba kutheni i-Procruste engummangalelwa ecinga "ukuzonwabisa" okunjalo kwamukelwa kweendwendwe, kodwa indlela yenze i-original. Ndadibana nabahambi, ndabamema ukuba baphumule baze bachithe ubusuku, kodwa endaweni yokulala ebhetele bawa esihogweni. I-Topchang Procrusta yayiyindawo yokuhlushwa, umzimba wesibanjwa unqabileyo othembekileyo. Ukuba ixhoba lalingumlinganiselo omncinci, umphangi uyayilula, njengokungathi udibene. Ukuba umhambi ufike phezulu, ngoko iPretrust ikrele lahlulwa izandla kunye neenyawo, ekugqibeleni - intloko yakhe. Ngendlela enesizathu esinjalo, inkosi yazama ukufanisa intolongo ebhokisini.
Ngubani owabulala i-Procrustes?
Iingoma zithi ukumkani, owawunqoba iPretrust, waqamba igama likaLeusus, umbusi waseAthene, omnye wamaqhawe amakhulu aseGrisi. Kwenzeke kuthiwa kufuphi nomlambo uKefis, xa iqhawe libeka izinto e-Attica, libhubhisa iindlo kunye neentlanzi. Ngokomnye uguqulelo, u-Theseus wadibana nomphangi ngengozi, kwaye wacishe wawela emgibeni wakhe. Ngokwezinye iinguqulelo, wayekhangela isenzo sobugebengu ngenjongo yokunqanda izenzo zakhe ezimbi, okwakungenakwaPretrust. Ukuqhubela phambili kwezi ngcamango, iinkcazo zokuxhaphazwa kweeTheus ziyahluka:
- Uthe ukumkani wawela emgibeni, kodwa wakwazi ukusika izibophelelo ngekrele elingapheliyo, eliye labulala iMinotaur. Emva koko wamnyusa u-Procrusta embhedeni waza wamnqumla intloko.
- ULeusus wayesazi malunga necebo elisebenzayo, wakwazi ukunyusa umnikazi kwi-topchan. Yaye xa izicatshulwa zinyakanyiswa, waqhekeza intloko yakhe, engayifani kwiqhekeza. Eli bali baliphakamisa enye inqaku: "mfutshane entloko."
Umbhede we-Procrustean wobugcisa
Ngenxa yokubaluleka kwayo, le aphorism inqande kwisangqa sobuntu bokudala . Kuthetha ntoni "umbhede we-Procrustean" ekuchazeni abantu bobugcisa? Eli binzana lihlala likhunjulwa ngoku, xa befuna ukugxininisa ukuba:
- akunakwenzeka ukuqhuba ukudala kwiimfundiso ezisamkelekileyo;
- Amaqumrhu aqulunqwe ngokuzimisela abonakalisa ubunzulu kunye nokubaluleka kwanoma yimuphi umdali;
- Akunakwenzeka ukulungisa zonke iimeko eziphantsi kweengcamango ezilondolozayo.