Ulwabiwo lwe-amniotic fluid ukusuka kwinqanaba lomzimba kwisithuba esilandelayo ngowomnye wabaphambili bokuqala kokunikezelwa. Makhe siqwalasele le nqubo ngokubanzi, siya kufumanisa: indlela amanzi ahamba ngayo abafazi abakhulelweyo ngaphambi kokubeleka, xa kwenzeka, kunye noko umama ozayo ekhoyo.
Kuthetha ntoni, "amanzi ahamba"?
Amniotic fluid (amniotic fluid) ngumqobo wendalo, wenza umsebenzi okhuselayo. Iyanciphisa ngqo ingcinezelo kwiindonga zesisu, ikhusela intsholongwane yomntwana ngaphakathi kwesibeleko, ikhusela kwimpembelelo yangaphandle. Umthamo we-amniotic fluid ukwanda kunye nobude bomzimba, kwaye ekugqibeleni kufinyelela kumthamo we-1.5 ilitha. Iimbumba ze-Fetal, i-placenta iphinde ivimbele ukungena kwamagciwane kwizinto zangaphakathi, ukugcina ubumpofu be- amniotic fluid kude kube ngumzuzu wokuziswa.
Ngokwexesha elidlulileyo, ngaphambi kokuzalwa, kukho ukuphazanyiswa kobugqwetha be-vestile kunye namanzi aphuma ebudeni. Kule meko, abagqithisi baye basebenzisa i-term - i-amniotic fluid. Lo mqondiso unobungqina bokuqala kwenkqubo yokuzalwa, ukubonakalisa kwintokazi ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuya kwisibhedlele sokubeletha. Ngelo xesha, kubalulekile ukurekhoda ixesha apho amanzi ashiywe.
Amanzi ashiya nini umfazi okhulelweyo?
Ukucinywa kwamanzi yinkqubo yomzimba ekupheleni kwesigaba sokuqala sabasebenzi. Kwenzeka emva kokuphulwa komgangatho we-amniotic bladder, xa i-cervix ivuliwe kancane ngo-4-5 cm. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuphuma kwe-amniotic fluid kuphawulwe ngaphambi kokuqala kwexesha labasebenzi. Kule meko, oogqirha basebenzisa umqondo othi "ukukhulelwa kokubeleka kwe-amniotic fluid". Ukuba, emva koko, izibambano aziqalanga kwiiyure ezimbalwa, oogqirha bathatha inyathelo lokukhuthaza inkqubo yokubeletha.
Uyakuqonda njani ukuba amanzi adlule?
Ukuze ungaphutheli ukuqala kokubeleka, oomama abanomdla bahlala benomdla kwi-gynecologist, indlela yokuqonda ukuba amanzi asele ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Into ebalulekileyo yale nkqubo yiphulo lokuphuma kwamanzi okuphuma kwindlela yokuzala. Kule meko, umthamo ungabancinci - 100-200 ml. Kule manani, amanzi angaphambili ahlukeneyo, aphakathi kwendawo ebonisa ngayo umzimba wesisu kunye nomlenze wangaphakathi wesibeleko.
Oomama abancinci, bethetha oomama abakhulelweyo malunga nendlela amanzi ahamba ngayo ngaphambi kokuba abelethe, qhathanisa le nkqubo kunye nokuchama okungafunekiyo - iingubo zangaphantsi kunye neengubo ngokukhawuleza zimanzi. Uninzi luya kwenzeka ekuseni. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuvuza kwe-amniotic fluid kungenzeka - ukuhlukana ngokuthe ngcembe kwe-amniotic fluid ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwengqibelelo yesibindi sesisu. Le meko idinga ukulawulwa ngugqirha, njengoko kunokuphazamisa inkqubo eqhubekayo yokunikezela.
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukunqumla ukuhamba kwamanzi?
Ukuphendula umbuzo wabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, ngaba umntu akanakuboni umjelo wamanzi, oogqirha banikela impendulo engalunganga. Nangona ukukhutshwa okuncinci kwintsholongwane ukusuka kumfazi, uhlala exhalabisa ukhulelwe. Kwezinye iimeko, abafazi abathwele oonyana bokuqala bangathatha ukuphuma kweplagi emanzini emanzini. Ezi zixhobo zombini eziphilayo zibahluko obalulekileyo:
- ukudibanisa kusoloko kunzima kunye nokuguquka kwamanzi;
- umthamo wayo awunyuli kunye nexesha;
- ukuphuma kwesigxina kwenzeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwiiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuziswa.
Waya emanzini-ubuninzi bokuzala?
Ukushiya amanzi ngaphambi kokubeletha kuthetha ukuba umlomo wesibeleko usuvele ulungelelanise, ulungiswe kwaye ulungele inkqubo yokuhambisa. Eli xesha liyakulungele ukuqala kokunikezelwa. Nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba uphendule ngokuchanekileyo, emva kokuba zininzi zokukhupha ziqala, oogqirha abanako. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukulwa nokuhamba kunye nokuphuma, kodwa kwindlela eyenziwa ngayo enye inokwenzeka. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kuyenzeka ngokubanzi, xa i-amniotic fluid iqala ukuhamba, iimpi zokuqala zivela emva kwexesha. Ngokomyinge, zigcinwa emva kweeyure eziyi-3-4.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ubukele indlela amanzi aphuma ngayo kubafazi abakhulelweyo ngaphambi kokuzalwa kunye nobude bexesha elingenamanzi-ixesha eliphuma ekuphumeni kokubonakala kwintsana. Ngokuqhelekileyo, akufanele kudlule iiyure eziyi-12. Ngokwenziwa, oogqirha emva kokuphuma kwamanzi kunye nokungabikho kwemisebenzi emva kweeyure ezimbalwa, qalisa imisebenzi evuselelayo. Ixesha elinomdla elide elichaphazelayo luchaphazela inkqubo yokuhanjiswa kunye nomntwana.
Emva kweminyaka emininzi emva kokuhlukana kwamanzi, ukulwa kuqala?
Emva kokuqaphela indlela amanzi adla ngayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, abafazi bazama ukufumana xa umntwana wabo ezalwa. Emva kokuba amanzi sele adlule, zingaphi iimfazwe eza kuqala ziya kuxhomekeke kwimimandla ethile yomzimba. Kuye kwaqulunqwa ukuba ixesha elidlulileyo lamanzi elihlambulukileyo lihlala liphantsi, kwaye iziphambano ziqala emva kweeyure eziyi-1-2. Kukho iimeko xa iziphambano zokuqala eziqhelekileyo zibangela ukwephulwa kobugqwetha besisu. Njengoko beyanda, umlomo wesibeleko uvulwa, emva koko iqala ixesha lesibini labasebenzi liqala-ukuxoshwa kwe-fetus.
Ngaba kunokulwa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwamanzi?
Iintlukwano ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwamanzi zinokwenzeka. Le ngxaki yinto eyahlukileyo yesiqhelo, ehambelana ngokupheleleyo nendlela yokuzalwa. Njengomphumo weengxabano ezinkulu ze-uterine myometrium, i-cervix ivula. Kule ngongoma, ukunyaniseka kwesibindi sesisu kubuthathaka ngenxa yokunyuka kwe-intrauterine. Emva kokuphuma kwe-amniotic fluid kunye nokuvulwa okupheleleyo kwentanyeni ye-uterine, inkqubo yokukhula komntwana ngokuzalwa ingaqalisa.
Amanzi aphelile, kodwa akukho mfazwe - yintoni yokwenza?
Ngokuqhelekileyo, abasetyhini baqala ukubeletha kunye nemeko apho amanzi adlulile khona, kwaye akukho mbambano. Oogqirha kule phuhliso bacebisa ukuba bangalindelanga ukubonakala kwabo, ngelixa behamba ekhaya, baye kwisibhedlele sokubeletha. Kubalulekile ukulungisa ixesha lokurhoxiswa kwe-amniotic fluid, kwaye ukwazise oogqirha xa befika kwiziko lempilo. Kwikhaya lokubeleka, oogqirha bahlola umfazi okhulelweyo kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, uqale ukuvuselela inkqubo yokuzalwa.
Kuthekani ukuba amanzi aphelile?
Ukuthululwa kwe-amniotic fluid ngumqondiso kumama ukuba umhlangano omdala omlindelwe kunye nosana uza kudala. Ibhinqa elikhulelweyo kufuneka liqwalasele ixesha apho kuqhambuka ukugqabhuka ukuxelela oogqirha. Kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokucophelela amanzi: ngokuqhelekileyo bayacacile, ngamanye amaxesha babe ne-pink hue, akukho phunga. Umbala obalahlaza, obomdaka we-amniotic fluid ubonisa usulelo lwe-intrauterine, olusongela impilo yengane. Oku kunokwenzeka kwakhona nge-oksijini yindlala (i-hypoxia) efuna unyango.
Emva kwamanzi omama abakhulelweyo bahamba ngaphambi kokubeleka, oomama abanokuzayo banokugqiba amalungiselelo okugqibela ekuhambeni ukuya kwindawo yokuzalwa. Oogqirha bancome ukuba baye esikhungweni sezokwelapha kungekudala kokuqala kwezibhozo eziqhelekileyo: ixesha eliphakathi kwezimbambano ezimbini ezilandelayo zelisu kufuneka zingabi ngaphezu kwemizuzu eyi-10. Ukuba akukho zichaso, kwaye amanzi ashiye 2-3 iiyure ezidlulileyo - umntu akufanele alinde ukubonakala kwawo ozimeleyo, kodwa uye kwiziko lempilo.
Ukuphuma kwephambi kwe-amniotic fluid
Ukuphuma kokuqala kwe-amniotic fluid, eyenzeka ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkqubo yokunikezelwa ngokungabikho kwemisebenzi, ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa ukuhoxiswa kwangaphambili kwe-amniotic fluid. Ukuthetha ngendlela amanzi aphuma ngayo kubafazi abakhulelweyo ngaphambi kokubeleka, oogqirha banakekele ingqalelo yokuba banokuhlala bebodwa. Ngokutsho kombono, le nzekayo ivela kwi-10% yokukhulelwa konke.
Ukuphambuka kwe-amniotic fluid kudinga ukulaliswa kwezibhedlele ngokukhawuleza: xa kungekho zichaso, ixesha eliphakathi kwabo alihlahli, ukunyanzeliswa kwezithintelo kuphantsi, kukho umngcipheko wokufa komntwana. Ixesha elide elinomdla elide lithe laxhamla nokuphuhliswa kweengxaki, phakathi kokutheleleka komntwana. Ukubonelelwa ngokukhawuleza kwonyango kunceda ukuphepha ukuphulwa.