- Idilesi: Chavin de Huantar, ePeru
- Ifowuni: +51 921 269 592
- Indawo epheleleyo: malunga neekhilomitha ezili-28 zeekwere. km.
- Ubukhulu ngaphezu kweselwandle: 3200 m
I-Chavin de Huantar yenye yezona zikhumbuzo zamandulo kwihlabathi, indawo yokuhlala yasendulo e-Andes malunga ne-250 km ukusuka eLima , kwindawo ephakamileyo yee-3,200 metres. Inkathazo yenziwa njengendawo yokuqhuba iinkonzo zonqulo - oku kubonakaliswa ngamanzi amaninzi e-gaguar, inyoka, i-condors, imifanekiso yezityalo ezahlukeneyo ze-hallucinogenic ezisetyenziswe ngabafundisi ngexesha lemihla; Kwakhona zifunyenwe izixhobo apho ababingeleli babelungiselela iziphuzo ze-hallucinogenic ezi zityalo. Iingcali zenzululwazi zikholelwa ukuba e-Chavin de Huantar, kungekhona nje imikhosi yenkolo kuphela, kodwa kunye nemihlangano kawonkewonke yenzeke. Mhlawumbi iethempelesi kunye nekwere zasebenza njenge-observation.
Ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ezinzima
Ufumene uChavin de Huantar wayeyingozi malunga neminyaka eyi-100 eyadlulayo ngumlimi owayesetyenziselwa ukutsalwa kwelo lizwe elide (ngaphezu kwe-2 m) ilitye elityebileyo elibonakaliswe isidalwa esingaqondakaliyo. Umlimi wayibumba ukufumana kwaye wayesebenzisa njenge-countertop, de kube ngelinye ilanga kubonwe ngumhambi waseNtaliyane u-Estella Raimondi. I-Chavin de Huantar ibhengezwa njenge-archaeological reserve kwaye ibhalwe njenge-Heritage Site ye-UNESCO.
Indawo epheleleyo yendawo yokuhlala yasendulo i malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-28. km. Izakhiwo kunye neekwere zenza izikwere eziqhelekileyo kunye nezikwere, kodwa oku akuyona into ebetha kakhulu; Kuyamangalisa ukuba bonke baxhomekeke kwi-axis esempuma-ntshonalanga ngokuchaneka ngokumangalisayo. Izakhiwo ezilondoloziweyo zibi ngokwaneleyo - ukutyelela ubunzima, uya kubona izidumbu zeendonga ezihlanganiswe umhlaba kunye nengca. Kwiindonga kukho ukuvuleka kwemirhubhe (kukho abangaphezu kwama-20 kubo), emva kwawo kukho amakamelo angaphakathi; ezinye zazo onokuzityelela.
Ithempeli elidala - indawo yokugcina ye-artifact eyinkimbinkimbi
Ithempeli elidala liqukethe izakhiwo ezimbini; lwakhiwe malunga ne-1200-900 BC. Isakhiwo esikhulu sakhiwa ngendlela yeleta U. Egcekeni zikhona izikhumbuzo ezikhoyo, apho kukho imifanekiso eqingqiweyo yamagagu, amaqhekeza, i-condors kunye ne-falcons. Ngaphakathi kwetempile kukho iindidi ezimbini.
Kwintlupheko yeegalari kufumaneka "Intetho" ("lanson") - ubude beentente ezi-4.5 metres, ezenziwe ngegranite emhlophe. Ngokuqinisekileyo ukuma kwayo kufana nesiqalo somkhonto - yi-polyhedron eyinkimbinkimbi, ephakamileyo. Kulo mzobo kukho umfanekiso wesidalwa sendlekwane esabonakala ngathi "isiphambano" somntu onesigu kunye nenyoka. Mhlawumbi kwakukho "umkhonto" owawubungcwele obukhulu beChavin de Huantar ubunzima. Kukho neengcamango zokuba kwakunokubaluleka kweenkwenkwezi, kuba igama elithi "jaguar" ("chincha" okanye "chinchai") lixhunyaniswe ngokungahambi kakuhle kunye ne-constellation Orion ("Choke-Chinchai"). Umgodi ophahleni lwethempelini, uhambelana ngqo "nesiphande somkhonto", uthi lwakhiwe "ngeenxa zonke" le nqanaba. Kuyaziwa ukuba itempile yasebenza "njengeyithethi" - abazalwana beva isandi 'sokuthetha nabo uthixo.'
Kuphawuleka ukuba iindonga zangaphandle zeTempile Elidala; xa behlotshiswe ngamatye angamakhulu amabini amatye - abantu kunye nezilwanyana ezahlukeneyo. Namhlanje ngokubanzi unokubona enye kuphela.
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Ithempeli elitsha
Icawa entsha yakhiwa kakhulu emva kwexesha - izazinzulu ziyi-500-200 BC. Inkulu-75 mx 72.5 m. Amaphepha amaninzi kunye namavesi afihliweyo afunyenwe ethempelini, ngenxa yokuba ababingeleli babenokubonakala ngokuphumelelayo-njengokungathi "akukho ndawo". Ukuphakama kwetempile kukholwa ukuba yi-13 imitha. Ngaphakathi kwakukho emithathu phantsi kweemigumbi, izitebhisi kunye namagumbi.
KwiCawa elitsha, kuye kwafunyanwa imifanekiso emininzi. Phambi kwakhe ngumgca ojikeleziweyo. Kufuphi neCawa elitsha kukho i-portal emnyama neyemhlophe, apho ezininzi zezakhiwo kunye nezikwere zokuhlala zihambelana. Yena, ngokusobala, wayenobungcwele obubalulekileyo. I-portal yenziwe ngeentlobo ezimbini zamatye: kwicala elingasenyakatho isiteji esimnyama esenziwe nge-limestone emnyama, kwicala elingasentla lamanyathelo, i-granite emhlophe yayisetyenziswa. Emacaleni ngamacwecwe ajikeleziweyo ngamatye e-gray andesite, ehlotshiswe ngemifanekiso yezidalwa zengqungquthela - kunye nomzimba womntu, amaphupha e-condor, intloko yejaguar kunye nentaka yeentaka.
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Ezinye izikhumbuzo
Izikhumbuzo ezimbini ezifumaneka kwisiza yi-Obelisk yaseTello, eliyi-quadrangular pole kunye ne-alligators enee-jaguar fangs, kunye neLayim kaRaimondi-ibonisa umfanekiso onomthi we-jaguar (okanye i-puma) obambe isithuba kwi-front front paw . Ukususela kwipiramidi yeTe, eyayiphambi kweCawa Elidala, incinci igcinwe; malunga nexesha lokwakhela, izazinzulu-ezinye zikholelwa ukuba zakhiwa emva kokwakhiwa kweTempile eNtsha, kodwa abaninzi banomdla wokukholelwa ukuba iThempeli elitsha "lincinane" kunepiramidi.
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Indlela yokufikelela kwiChavin de Huantar?
Unokufika kwi-Chavin de Huantar esuka e-Ouaraz ngebhasi eliqhelekileyo elifikelela kwisixeko samhlanje saseChavin; Ukususela apho kuya kufuneka uhambe malunga neekhilomitha. Unokuza uvela e-Ouaraz ngokubheka ibhasi. Unokufika eHuaraz ukusuka eLima naseTrujillo ngeebhasi eziqhelekileyo. Kwimeko yokuqala, uhambo luthatha malunga neeyure eziyi-8.
Kukho indlela yokuhamba ngee-Olleros-Chavin; Iqala kwisixeko sase-Olheos kwaye ithatha iintsuku ezintathu. Unokufumana malunga nale ntengiso kwiyiphi na amahotele kunye nee-arhente zokuhamba eHuaraz.
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