Isikhumba, njengoko saziwa, siyinxalenye enkulu kunazo zonke zomzimba womntu. Idibanisa imisebenzi emininzi:
- khusela;
- ukuphefumula;
- utshintshiselwano;
- tactile;
- U kucocwa;
- ku hlaziywa.
Ngako oko akumangalisi ukuba ulusu lunokuthi lube nefuthe elibi kummandla kwaye lubonise iimpawu zokungonwabi kwangaphakathi komzimba. Enye yale mibonakalo ingaba ukuphulwa kwesikhumba sebala.
Iimbangela zePigmentation yesikhumba
Ukwahluka kombala wesikhumba kuxhomekeke kudibaniso lwezinto ezininzi:
- melanin;
- i-oxyhemoglobin;
- nciphisa i-hemoglobin;
- i-carotene.
Kodwa indima ephambili kwi-pigmentation yeenwele, isikhumba kunye namehlo angama-melanin. Kwaye ukuphulwa kwesikhumba sebala lichazwa ngokunciphisa okanye ukwanda kwimixholo ye-melanin emzimbeni.
Ukubonakaliswa kokunciphisa i-pigmentation ingaba ngale ndlela:
- i-albinism (ukungabikho kwe-enzyme tironaz, kwaye ngenxa yokungahambi kakuhle kwe-melanin);
- i-vitiligo (umonakalo we-immune system, mhlawumbi ifa).
Ukwenyuka kwe-melanin umxholo kubonakala ngathi:
- i-freckles (inani labo landa ngexesha lefudumala kwaye lidlulayo ngokuqala kwekwindla);
- ukubunjwa kwe-chloasma (indawo e-brownish, ngokuqhelekileyo itholakala ngokulinganayo kumbuso)
- inani elikhulu leempawu zokuzalwa kunye neendawo zokuzalwa;
- ukubonakala kwamabala phambi kweengxaki ze-dermatological (i-acne, i-insecte, iilonda),
- iimiphumo ezichaphazelekayo xa uthatha imishanguzo okanye i-contraceptive);
- ubukho be-melanoma.
Kuzo zonke iimeko, ukuphazanyiswa kwemveliso ye-melanin kunokubangelwa utshintsho olunexesha elidala emzimbeni.
Indawo eneengxube
Ukulahlekelwa kwebala lesikhumba, kunye nokunyuka kwe-pigmentation, kunakho nayiphi na inxalenye yesikhumba. Njengomthetho, ubuso kunye nezandla zithinteka kakhulu. Oku kubangelwa ukuba ezi ngxenye zomzimba zibonakaliswe kakhulu ekukhanyeni kwelanga, kwaye imisebe ye-ultraviolet ingabangela ukuphazamiseka kwe-pigment. Ukuphululwa kwesikhumba sombala kwiimilenze kufanele siqaphele kwaye sibe sisihlandlo sokutyelela ugqirha, tk. Kusemilenzeni kaninzi kukho izibonakaliso zezilwanyana kunye neempawu zomhlaza wesikhumba.
Unyango lweengxaki ze-pigmentation disorders
Into yokuqala omele uyenze xa ubona ukuphulwa kwesikhumba se-skin ukuvakashela i-dermatologist. Ukuba ezi ntlupheko zibangelwa ukugqithisa ngokugqithiseleyo ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet okanye utshintsho olunexesha elidala, ngoko uhambo olulandelayo oluya kwi-cosmetologist, oluya kukhetha inkqubo efanelekileyo (ukukhupha, i-dermabrasion, ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba, ukhilimu wokunakekelwa kwesikhumba) kuya kukunceda.
Ukuba ukubonakala kwamathala ahlambulukileyo kubangelwa ukuphulwa kwemisebenzi yelungu langaphakathi, ngoko uchanekileyo kwaye unyango olufanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo lugqirha lugqirha luza kwenza ukuba kupheliswe le mpawu engathandekiyo.
Ukususa i-moles kwi-90% yinkqubo ekhuselekileyo. Kodwa ukuba uyaphawula utshintsho olulunjani okanye ubungakanani bendawo yokuzalwa, kufuneka uqhagamshelane neengcali, kuba oku kungabonakalisa uphawu lokuguga kakubi.
Indlela yokunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kwe-pigmentation?
Ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa kweengxaki ze-pigmentation disorders, kufuneka umntu alandele imithetho elula:
- Xa uphuma, sebenzisa i-sunscreen, okanye ukhilimu one-UF-filters. Isibonakaliso sabo kufuneka sibe ubuncinane ezingama-30.
- Sebenzisa iimveliso zonyango ezikhethiweyo.
Iindlela ezikhethiweyo ezingachanekanga zingashukukuthelisa ulusu. - Ngomhla oqaqambileyo, ilanga, kucetyiswa ukuba ugqoke isigqoko kunye nokugubungela iindawo zesikhumba ezinemibala kunye nezambatho.
- Gwema i-wax epilation kwizilonda.
- Ukuba ingxaki yokuguqulwa kwesigqabha ibangelwa yimpembelelo yecala leyeza, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ubeke endaweni yabo okanye ukuyikhuphela ngaphandle, emva kokubonisana nodokotela oya kwiiyo.
- Iinkqubo ze-Whitening kufuneka zenziwe ngokuhlwa ukuze ziphephe ukukhanya kwelanga ngaphakathi kweeyure ezingama-12 ukuya ku-24.