Iitempile zaseKorea

Inkolo yendabuko eMzantsi Korea yiBuddha, iqhutyelwa ngu-22.8% wabemi. Eli lizwe, ubuKristu, iSilamsi kunye ne-shamanism zixhaphakile. Ukuze abahlali bendawo bafumane ithuba lokunqula oothixo babo, iintempile ezahlukeneyo zifumaneka kulo lonke ilizwe.

Ulwazi oluqhelekileyo kuma-Buddhist shrines

Ukhokelo oluqhelekileyo lweBuddha kwilizwe nguMahayana okanye "i-Great Chariot". Ibonakalisa ngohlobo lweZen kwaye inezikolo ezili-18. Eyona edume kakhulu kubo yiChoge.

Kwiminyaka emininzi, ubuBuddha buye lwaba nefuthe elinamandla ekwakheni amasiko neenkcubeko zelizwe. Ukubonakaliswa kwenkolo kubonakala kwiintlobo ezininzi zepeyinti, imizobo, imifanekiso kunye nokwakhiwa kwezixeko. Ubonakaliso obubalaseleyo yile nkolelo lithempelini zembali ezifumaneka kulo lonke elaseMzantsi Korea.

Inani labo lidlula eziliwaka ezili-10, ezinye zifakwe kwiLwimi leMveli le-UNESCO, ezinye ziyinkokheli yesizwe yaseKorea. Amatye amaninzi eBuddhist agcina iimpahla ezixabisekileyo kunye nezinto ezikhoyo. Phantse onke amagama eengcwele zongezwa isilayila "-sa", eguqulela ngokuthi "itempile".

Isakhiwo ngasinye sinezakhiwo kunye nokuhlobisa, kodwa kuzo zonke iindawo:

1. Gates Ilchkhulmun (kunye nenkxaso eyodwa) - babizwa ngokuba yiHathalmun. Zichaza ubunye bomzimba nomphefumlo wendwendwe, kunye nomnqweno wakhe wokuziqonda eyakhe. Ukugqithisa lo mgca, iindwendwe zihamba kwilizwe eliqhelekileyo kwaye zingene ebukumkanini bukaBuddha.
2. Imifanekiso yamatye e-Pudo - ovoid eneenqatyambo zangaphambili. Nanku umlotha wama-monks ashushu kunye neendandl (iibhola), ezibonisa ubungcwele bomntu ofileyo. Amakholwa athola intsikelelo kufuphi nalezi zikhumbuzo.
3. I-Cheonvanmun isango lookumkani basezulwini, ezenziwe ngohlobo lwezithixo eziyingozi kwaye zenzelwe ukukhusela imimoya emibi. Ngokuqhelekileyo banayo i-pagoda, inamba, i-saber okanye i-flute ezandleni zabo.
4. I-Pulimun yindlela yokuya kwi-nirvana okanye inkululeko. Zifanekisela ukuvuswa kwengqondo kunye nokuba yindlela yonqulo.
5. Intendelezo yangaphakathi - imida yayo ecaleni kwimizi-mida ichazwe ngamacandelo ahlukeneyo, apho iintshumayelo, ukucamngca kunye nokufunda i-dharma kuqhutywa.

Iitempile ezili-10 ezidumileyo zamaBuddha eKorea

Eli lizwe kukho inani elikhulu leempahla, ezidumileyo zazo zi:

1. I-Sinhyntsa - itholakala kwintlambo yentaba yeSoraksan . Ulwakhiwo luqwalaselwa njengetempile endala yeZen Buddhism emhlabeni. Yakhelwe ngo-653 AD, emva koko yachithwa ngamaxesha amaninzi ngenxa yemililo iphinde ibuyiselwe kwakhona. Kukho umfanekiso omkhulu kaBuddha, uphononwe kwibhusi kunye nobunzima beetoni ezili-108.
2. Ithempeli lamaBuddha awakawaka ikhona kwintsimi yehlathi leentaba zelizwe. Uluhlu lweemifanekiso ezide zeShayamamuni, ezidibeneyo kwisangqa. Phakathi kwinqanaba leemitha-mitha zeBodhisattva zenziwe ngebhedu kwaye zihleli kwi-lotus.
3. I-Ponyns yithempeli lasendulo elikulo dolophu yelizwe elisezantsi kwentaba yeSudo. I-shrine yakhiwa ngo-794, kodwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 yayisondele ngokupheleleyo. Okwangoku isakhiwo sibuyiselwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye sithatha abahambi. Bonke abatyeleli apha bangaphinda bahlaziywe ngosuku kwi-monk baze bazivelele kubo bonke abonwabileyo ubomi obunjalo.
4. I-Haeins yenye yeetempileni ezidumileyo zamaBuddha kwilizwe elimele iDharma. Nazi izibhalo ezingcwele ze "Tripitaka Koreana", inani lawo lidlula kumawaka angama-80. Zayiqoshwe kwiiplanga zokhuni kwaye zifakwe kwiLungu leMveli ye-UNESCO. I-shrine itholakala kwiphondo laseKensan-Namdo kwiNtaba yeKayasan .
5. I-Pulgux - igama lesi sakhiwo liguqulelwe ngokuthi "iindwendwe zelizwe laseBuddha." Iindwendwe ziquka izinto ezi-7, eziNondyebo kaZwelonke. Ithempeli ngokwayo lifakwe kwiLifa leNgugu leMveli le-UNESCO (kunye ne- grotto yeSokkuram ). Nantsi umzekelo wokuqala wokushicilelwa kwiplanethi, eyenziwe ekuqaleni kweVIII inkulungwane AD. iphepha laseJapan.
6. I-Thondosa - isakhiwo esiqingqiweyo se-monastic esisezindaweni saseYangsan kwintlambo yeNtaba yaseYonchuksan. Le ngenye yeetempileni eziphambili ze-Order of Choge eMzantsi Korea. Lapha zigcinwa iimpahla zangempela zeBuddha kunye nengqumbo yeengubo zakhe. Kwi-monasteri akukho mfanekiso omnye kaShayamamuni, abahambi ngeenkonzo bakhonza kuphela izinto ezingcwele.
7. Ithempeli lasePomos liseBusan City eSouth Korea kwiNtaba iKimjonsan . Yinkimbiso yetempile, eyona indala kunayo yonke ilizwe kwaye inemihlaba emikhulu. I-monastery yomthi yakhiwa ngo-678 ngumonki uYisan. Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVI, amaJapan atshisa indlu. Ngomnyaka we-1613, ukuhlaziywa kwakhona kwaqala apha, ngenxa yintsimi eyandisiwe.
8. I-Chogesa - itempile iyingxenye ephambili yeSeoul kwaye iyintliziyo ye-Korean Zen Buddhism. Isakhiwo esikhulu apha iT Taunjeong, esakhiwe ngo-1938. Ihlotshiswe ngamaphetheni e-tanchon, kwaye ngaphakathi kwisakhiwo kukho umfanekiso okaBuddha Sokgamoni. Kwintendelezo yenkxalabo ungabona i-pagoda e-7, apho umlotha wee-monks ugcinwa khona. Malunga nomnyango ukhule 2 imithi yamandulo: i-white pine kunye ne-sophora. Ukuphakama kwabo kufinyelela kuma-26 m, kwaye ubude bungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-500.
9. UBonguunsa - itempile itholakala eSeoul kwaye indala. Yakhelwe kwikota yeVIII. I-shrine yakhiwe kwindlela yokwakha yobudala kwaye ihlotshiswe ngemifanekiso kunye nekiso ye-filigree.
10. I-Hwännensa yitempile yerhaxu ephuzi okanye emkhosini. Kwakuyiziko leBuddhism ngexesha likaSilla. Apha zigcinwa iinkonzo zezenkolo ezihloniphekileyo, ezithe zafunyanwa ngexesha lokuphandwa kwezinto zakudala.

Amasonto aseOthodoki eMzantsi Korea

Olu lathiso lwenkolo yobuKristu lwaqala ukuphuhlisa ngamandla kwilizwe kwiXestile leXIX. Oku kwaqhutywa ngumsebenzi wezithunywa zevangeli weCawa yaseOrthodox yaseRussia. Ngo-2011, inani lamakholwa laliqikelelwa kuma-3 000. Kukho ababhishobhi 2:

• umvangeli wokomoya ongowokulawula kweCawa yaseOrthodox yaseRussia;
• IConstantinople, ene-korean metropolitan state kwimimandla karhulumente.

Ukuba ufuna ukutyelela iicawa zaseOrthodox eKorea, ke unake ingqalelo kwiicawa ezinjalo:

1. Ibandla laseSt. Nicholas laseMyra liseSeoul. Yakhelwe ngo-1978 kwisitayela saseByzantine. Apha ungabona 2 imifanekiso yamandulo: i-Monk Seraphim yaseSarov kunye noMama waThihvin kaThixo. Baziswa kwilizwe ngabavangeli bokuqala. Iinkonzo zikaThixo ecaweni zenziwa eKorea ngeCawa nganye.
2. Icawa yaseSt. George i-Victorious - i-shrine itholakala eBusan, kufuphi nesikhululo sikaloliwe. Iinkonzo apha ziqhubeka ngeCawa yokugqibela lwenyanga kwiilwimi zaseSlavonic.
3. Icawa yokuSungulwa kweNtombi kaMariya oyintsikelelo - yakha ngowe-1982, kwaye emva kweminyaka eyi-18 yayisakhiwe kwakhona. Ngenxa yemali enganeleyo yomhlaba, i-monasteri inesimo esingesiko se-Orthodoxy. Icawa isakhiwo se-4-storey kwisigaba sokugqibela. Unayo isikolo senkolo. IParish iya kuba namaKristu angama-200 aseKorea.

Ziziphi ezinye iintempile ezikhoyo eMzantsi Korea?

Kukho amanye amabandla angamaKristu kweli lizwe, kungekhona kuphela iOthodox. Ezi ziquka:

1. Yoyyido yiCawa yamaProtestanti yeVangeli elipheleleyo, elibhekwa njengelona likhulu kunazo zonke kwihlabathi kwaye linamasonto angama-24. Inkonzo apha iyenziwa ngeCawa kwii-7, ipapashwa kwihlabathi lonke nge-TV nge-satellite ngeelwimi ezili-16.
2. UMendon yiKatolika yaseKatolika ye-Immaculate Conception yeNtombikazi Eyintombi. Isakhiwo sisigxina sezembali kunye nesakhiwo kunye noluhlu lwamaxabiso ozwelonke phantsi kweNombolo 258. Nangcwatyelwa ingqungquthela yendawo yabafel 'ukholo balapho abafa emzabalazweni wenkolo.