Imidlalo yokuphuhliswa kwezakhono ezintle zezakhono zinegalelo ekuphuculeni amaziko obuchopho obubalulekileyo wengqondo kunye nenkqubo yesistim ephakathi. Ukususela ekuzalweni komntwana, kubalulekile ukuhlawula ingqalelo enkulu kule nto. Ngomdlalo, umntwana ufunda kwaye uyazi ihlabathi.
Ziziphi izakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi?
Utitshala obalaseleyo weSoviet V. U-Sukhomlinsky wayekholelwa ukuba ingqondo yomntwana igxininiswe kwiingcebiso zeminwe yakhe. Ngoko ke yintoni izakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi zezandla? Oku kuhamba ngokuhambelana komntu ojolise ekwenzeni ngokuchanekileyo, ukuhamba ezincinci ngezandla kunye neminwe:
- ukuphosa;
- uboya;
- umzobo ;
- ileta;
- iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinto.
Kutheni ukukhulisa izakhono ezincinci zezithuthi kubantwana?
Enye yeemeko ezibalulekileyo zokuphuhliswa kwengqondo yengqondo yomntwana kukuvuselela okuninzi kwemisebenzi yemoto. Izakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi zezandla zokuphuhlisa intetho zidlala indima enkulu. Kuya kubonakala, luhlobo luni lobuhlobo? Ingqondo yomntu ihlelwe ukwenzela ukuba intetho kunye nezikhululo zeemoto zifumaneka ngaphaya komnye nomnye, ngoko ke ukunyakaza okufutshane kwezandla kuvuselela intetho kumntwana. Imidlalo yokuphuhliswa kwezakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi:
- ukuphucula isantya sokuphendula;
- ukuhlakulela ukuchaneka nokuchaneka kokunyakaza;
- negalelo ekuphuculweni ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo .
Nini ukuqala ukuphuhlisa izakhono zamancinci?
Ukuphuhliswa kwezakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi kubantwana kufuneka baqale ngokukhawuleza emva kokuzalwa. Uthintelo oluchukumisayo oluchukumisayo, ukubetha iintendelezo kunye neminwe yomntwana kuya kuthintela amaziko obuchopho ngendlela engcono kakhulu. Yonke imihla, kufuneka unike umntwana usakhono lwezithuthi ezincinci ixesha elithile, kwaye iinzame ziya kuhlawula uvuyo lwabazali nomntwana. Abantwana abaye bedlala iminwe yeminwe ukususela ebusaneni baqala ukuthetha kwaye bahlakulele ngokwengqondo.
Iindlela zokuphuhlisa izakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi
Amathoyizi ekuphuhliseni izakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi zingathengwa kwiivenkile zezingane, kodwa uninzi kunzima ukuvelisa ngokwabo, umntwana uya kuvuya ukudlala. Imeko ebalulekileyo: iinkcukacha ezincinci zinikezelwa phantsi kolawulo, awukwazi ukushiya umntwana wodwa. Nantsi into ongayisebenzisa kwimidlalo:
- ububanzi;
- maqhosha;
- iidibhoni;
- iinqaba;
- zokutya;
- macaroni;
- zambethe;
- Iibhotile zePlastiki kunye neengqayi ezinama-caps screw;
- isanti;
- ibhola;
- bahlazi;
- amahlamvu;
- amantongomane.
Imidlalo yokuphuhlisa izakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi zabantwana
Kwixesha ngalinye lomntwana kukho iinkalo ezithile ekuphuhlisweni. Abazali abancinci bakhuthazwa ukuba bafunde njani kwaye kwenzekani kwintsana yabo, kwaye bajongane nayo ngokuhambelana nemisebenzi yayo. Imidlalo yeminwe yabantwana abancinci ibonwa njengento elula kakhulu, kodwa inomdla kwaye ivelisa ezininzi iimvakalelo ezintle. Kancinci, xa umntwana ekhula, imidlalo iya kuba nzima.
Ukuphuhliswa kwezakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi ukuya ku-1 unyaka
Kwiinyanga zokuqala zobomi, umntwana ugcina iminwe kwi-intsimbi ngenxa ye-hypertonicity, kwaye ngexesha lokulala izihlunu ziphumle. Umsebenzi wabazali kukufundisa umntwana ukuba abambe kwaye acacise izinto kwikham, kuba oku kuyimfuneko ukuvuselela i-reflex yokubamba. Ukufumba kweentende kunye neminwe kuhoxisa kunye nokunciphisa i-hypertonicity, uphawu lweenyanga zokuqala zokuphila. Imidlalo yeminwe yabantwana ukuya kunyaka:
- Ukuhlambalaza (ukususela ekuzalweni), ukuxolela iminwe, kuyakunceda ukukrazula izandla zakho.
- I-rattle (ukususela kwiinyanga ezi-2-3) ifakwe ngenye indlela, ibe yipenisi enye, ibe enye.
- Ukusondela kwi-rattle ebusweni bomntwana uze uyisuse ukuze ilula.
- Ukufumba kweminwe neentende ngeendinyana ("Soroka-beloboka", "Ladushki-ladushki").
- Amathoyizi kunye neendandatho (iinyanga ezi-5-7) - umntwana uthanda ukubathinta.
- Iibhola ze-Massage.
- Cube cubes.
- Imidlalo ngeepramramid (iinyanga ezi-7-12).
- Iidyss-pishchalki.
Apha, yintoni enye imidlalo enokuthi ibe ngabantwana ukuya kunyaka ekuphuhlisweni kwezakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi:
- Ukuphosa ibhola kwibhokhwe.
- Dlala ufihle kwaye ufune (into efihla phantsi kwe-diaper, kwaye umntwana uyayifuna).
- Ukuthabatha amathoyizi amancinci avela kwigumbi lokuhlambela kwaye uwafake kwi-basin.
Ukuphuhliswa kwezakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi akubandakanyi ukuthengwa kwamanye amathoyizi axabisekileyo, ezinye zingenziwa kwiindlela ezingalunganga kwaye umntwana uya kuba nomdla ekuphandeni. Oomama abaninzi baqaphela ukuba abathengi amathoyizi ngokukhawuleza bakhathazeke, kwaye ngenxa yezizathu ezithile umntwana unomdla kwizinto ezilula zendlu, umzekelo, izikhonkwane ezinezikhumba. Imidlalo yeminwe yabantwana ukusuka ngonyaka idinga iindidi ezininzi.
Izakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi zabantwana abaneminyaka engama-2-3 ubudala
Xa uneminyaka engama-2-3 ubudala, ngokuphuhliswa kwengqondo ngokuqhelekileyo, umntwana sele sele enezakhono ezininzi:
- ubamba ibhola ngezandla zombini;
- Unokwenza izinto ezininzi ngokukhawuleza, umzekelo, bounce kwaye uhlabe izandla;
- ukuqonda i-tricycle.
Imidlalo yeminwe yabantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 ubudala:
- Umdlalo onemibala egqabileyo . Izinketho zegeyimu kunye nale nto ephathekayo zimbalwa, kulula kakhulu ukuhlenga ngemibala. Ukuyila - ukulungiselela izilwanyana zezilwanyana ezincinane, izinto kwaye ubuze umntwana ukuba enze ilanga, kunye neenaliti ze-hedgehog.
- Ukudweba ngeepotton buds . Ungaphrinta imifanekiso enomtsalane kwaye ubuze umntwana ukuba abeke amachashaza emfanekisweni (umzekelo, ukuhobisa ngengubo yedoa okanye ugcobe uhlaza ngendlovu egulayo).
- Imodeli . Uya kufuna inhlama nodongwe. Unokwenza ii-pies, koloboks.
- Imida . Ukudweba kwiimodeli ezivuniweyo.
- Imidlalo kunye nepipette . Ipipet igcwele amanzi kwaye ikhutshelwe kwiibhotile ezilungiselelwe ngeeseli.
Imidlalo yeminwe yabantwana abaneminyaka engama-3 iyakunceda ukwenza kunye nokukhumbula nokukhumbula izibongo kunye neengqungquthela zomntwana. Imizekelo yale midlalo:
I-Kotik (umntwana wenza izinto ezinentsingiselo)
U-Kitty uhlamba izandla zakhe (wenza imisebenzi yokuhlamba),
Kubonakala ukuba uya kutyelela iindwendwe,
Ndageza iimpumlo zam,
Ndahlamba umlomo wam,
Ndazihlamba indlebe,
Wicinywa ngomile.
Sasivusa (iingalo ziphakama kakuhle phambi kwazo kwaye zanyakaziswa)
Sawubhala namhlanje,
Iminwe yethu idiniwe,
Iminwe yethu iya kugungqiswa;
Kwakhona, siya kuqala ukudweba.
Ukuphuhliswa kwezakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi ezikolweni zasesikolweni
Imidlalo yokuphuhliswa kwezakhono ezifanelekileyo zeemoto kwiminyaka yokufundela ziba nzima kakhulu. Abantwana banqwenela ukudlala kwimidlalo yeminwe. Umntwana ubeka umnxeba wesandla ngasinye ngesitokisi - intloko yomlingisi weendumiso ezidumileyo, umzekelo "Repka" okanye "Kolobok" kwaye wenza izenzo ezibonakalayo ezi ngxelo. Ukuphuhliswa kwezakhono ezifanelekileyo zeemoto zabantwana basenkulaneni - imizekelo yemidlalo:
Mabhungane a mabini
Ekucoceni amabhungane amabini
Udade i-hopak (umdaniso womntwana, izandla kwibhanti),
Umlenze wokunene, phezulu, phezulu (ukubetha ngeenyawo zokunene),
Umlenze wesobunxele, phezulu, phezulu (ukugqithisa unyawo olunene),
Ukuphakamisa, ukuphakamisa, ukuphakamisa (ukukrazula izandla).
Ngubani oza kuphakamisa ngaphezu kwazo zonke (ufumana onzwane, welula phezulu)!
Butterfly
Iflyflyfly yahamba, yahamba ( ihamba ngokubamba),
Kwientyantyambo zedolophana (ihamba),
Amaphiko aqhotyoshelwe (amaqhina emadolweni),
Abancinci banondliwa (iintende ezithengisiweyo zizisa emlonyeni).
Ukuphuhliswa kwezakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi ezikolweni ezikolweni
Iminyaka yobudala yesikolo iyakwazi ukufunda ngokutsha izakhono nolwazi. Esikolweni, ukuphuhliswa kwezakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi kubantwana ziqhubeka, izenzo ziba nzima kakhulu. Kwixesha lesikolweni, izakhono zezithuthi ziphuhliswe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Imodeli.
- Ukudalwa kwezicelo (ukusika kwiphepha ngeekisi kwi-contour, ngoko-gluing), origami.
- Ukuyila (i-Lego).
- Imidlalo kunye neentambo (ukudibanisa kunye nokuqhawula amaqhina).
- Ukudweba.