Apha iqokelele imithetho engummangaliso kunye engacacangayo kwimiphakathi yasendulo nephakathi. Kwaye ezinye zazo zibuhlungu nje ubuqhetseba kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwabasemagunyeni kunye nezihlobo ezindala.
Icandelo ngalinye lokubunjwa kwehlabathi likhokelela ekuphuculeni nasekuphuhlisweni kwee-jurisprudence kuwo onke amazwe. Intsimi esemthethweni yomthetho yasungulwa kwiRoma yaseYurophu naseYurophu, kodwa nakhona ayenzanga ngaphandle kokungabonakali, kwaye ngoku ukutshatyalaza nje, imithetho.
1. Kuvumelekile ukukhala ngenxa yomntu oshonile emngcwabeni.
KwiRoma yakudala, isithethe sokungcwaba sasingavamile. Kwimizila, umculo wawudlalwa, umzimba wawuqhutyelwa kuwo wonke umzi, ulandelwa ngabalila, baqeshwe abantu abangabaziyo ukuba babonise ubuhlungu ngenxa yomfi. Kwaye kwafika imvumi, eyayicula i-odes kuphela ehloniphekileyo ngomntu oshonile, kwaye emva kwabo abadlali babonisa imifanekiso yamahlaya ebomini bomfi. Kwaye kwaye yinto ehloniphekileyo yabafileyo, abaqashiweyo abaqeshwe emngcwabeni. Kwakukunxulumene nalokhu ukuvinjelwa kokulila ngexesha lokungcwaba.
2. Kwakunqatshelwe ukugqoka i-toga ebomvu.
Ngaloo mihla, amaRoma ayegqoke iimpahla eziqhelekileyo, ezazibizwa ngokuba yi-toga. Kwakuyinxalenye enkulu yengubo yeboya ehlanganiswe emzimbeni. Ngokwenene, loo mpahla yayimhlophe, ingaba nemivalo yegolide okanye imithi enemibala, njl. Nangona kunjalo, kwinqanaba lomthetho, ukuvinjelwa kwe-toga enemibala enombala obomvu kunqunywe, kwakungagqalwa kuphela ngu-emperor. Kodwa abaqhelekileyo balo mbala babengeke bakwazi ukuwufumana, kuba kwakubiza kakhulu ukupheka idayi yalo mbala ngomnye we-toga.
3. Ukubulala umthandi wentata yentombi yakhe avunyelwe ngumthetho.
Ukuba uyise wayifumana intombi yakhe engatshatanga kunye nomthandi, wayenokumbetha ngokusemthethweni aze aze ambulale, ngelixa iimeko zentlalo yomthandi ayizange ibandakanyeke.
4. Umthetho wawunqatshelwe ukuba udle.
KwaseRoma ya mandulo, ingqalelo enkulu yahlawulwa kwizinto zokunethezeka, nokuba kunjalo, kwakukho ezininzi ezinqatshelwe kuyo. Omnye umthetho onjalo ngo-181 BC. e. kwakufuneka ukunciphise indleko yokutya. Kamva kamva umthetho wawuqiniswa, ukunciphisa inani leendwendwe ezintathu. Kwimihla yemarike kuphela, eyayiyinyanga enyangeni, unokuphatha iindwendwe ezinamenywe ezihlanu.
5. Umbala weenwele zobuhenyu wawulawulwa ngumthetho.
Umthetho ubonakala ngokuphathelele ukuba abalawuli bamaRoma, bebuya eYurophu, beza kunye nabafazi ababanjwe ebukhoboka, abaye bathunyelwa kwiibhotela. Kwaye kuba abafazi bezo ndawo babe neenwele ezibomvu okanye ezibomvu, umbusi wanikezela umyalelo ngokubhekiselele kubo bonke abhenyukazi ukuba babebezinxibe iinwele okanye bazikhanyise.
6. Isigwebo somthetho sokuzibulala.
KwiRoma yakudala, ukuzibulala indoda efuna imvume yeSeneti. Ummi othe wagqiba ekubeni athathe ubomi bakhe ngokwakhe wayefuneka ukuba afake isikhalazo ngencazelo ecacileyo yezizathu. Kwaye ukuba i-senate isigqibo sokuba izizathu zijolise, ngoko umfaki sicelo unikwe isigwebo sokuzibulala.
7. Utata unokuthengisa ngokusemthethweni abantwana ekugqileni.
Ngokwalo myalelo, utata wayenokuthengisa abantwana bakhe ebukhosini kuze kube kathathu. Kwakhona unokuzikhethela yena ukuba uthengise ngexeshana okanye ezilungileyo. Utata naye unokufuna ukuthengisa umntwana kuye, owamnika ilungelo lokuba namandla phezu kwenzalo, kwaye unokuphinde aphinde athengise kwakhona.
8. Isiqendu ngaphambi komtshato.
Ngelo xesha eRoma kwakukho iintlobo ezininzi zomtshato, ezimbini zazifana neenguqu zethu zangoku, kwaye omnye wanikela ilungelo lokufumana ixesha lokulinganisa ngaphambi komtshato. Wena. esi sibini singaphila kunye ngonyaka ngaphambi kokungena kwiintsebenziswano ezisemthethweni ukuze siqonde ukuba kuyafaneleka ukudibanisa ubomi babo bonke. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukuba le ntombazana yamshiya iqabane layo elizayo kwiintsuku ezingaphezu kweentsuku, emva kwexesha lesilingo saqalisa.
9. Uyise wayenokubulala nayiphi na ilungu losapho lwakhe ngokusemthethweni.
KwiRoma yangaphambi kwe-imperialist, intloko yentsapho okanye utata yayilungu eliphezulu lomndeni. Nangona oonyana abadala sele benayo intsapho yabo, ngoxa uyise ephila, bona, kunye nabantwana babo nabafazi, bangabakhe ngokwelizwi lithetha ilizwi. Ngokomzekelo, ubaba wayenokubulala umfazi ngenxa yokunyaniseka, oonyana kunye naluphi na umthetho, kunye neentombi zokungabikho komtshato.
10. Ukuphunyezwa ngokugonywa ngesikhwama sekhanda kunye nezilwanyana.
Olu hlobo lwesigwebo eRoma lasendulo lunikezelwa ngababulali bazali okanye izihlobo ezifuze igazi. Wayebhekwa njengendlela eyona intlungu kunye neyona nto ihlazo yokuthatha ubomi.
11. Ukuphunyezwa ngokuxhoma.
Ngekhulu le-19, abantu bagwetywa eNgilani ukuba baxhomeke kwiintlobo ezingama-220 zamatyala. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba inani lebiwe lingaphezulu kwama-5, liye lagwetywa umntu ukuba lixhomeke, bonke babulawa, kuquka nabantwana.
12. Ukuhlaselwa komkhosi phantsi kolawulo lwababingeleli.
Lo mthetho wawukho eBrithani ukususela nge-9 ukuya kwe-16 leminyaka. Ngokutsho kwakhe, abafana abaye bafikelela kwiminyaka eyi-14 kufuneka baqhelise ukugubha ngokugqithiseleyo phantsi kokuvavanywa okufutshane komfundisi. Akucaci ukuba kutheni le mithetho yadalwa, kodwa yayigcinwe ngokucacileyo.
13. Ukuphunyezwa ngokukhawulwa kwempumlo.
Ixesha laseTshayina la mandulo labulala abaphangi beendlela ngokucima impumlo, ngoko ke umhlaseli wayenokubonakala lula nakwizihlwele.
14. Indlalifa-indlalifa kufuneka imtshatile umzalwana omdala kayise.
Umthetho onjalo wenziwa kwiGrisi yamandulo. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukuba iqabane elizayo liyala ukutshata, izalamane zendodakazi-heiress zingayifaka umgwebo kuye kwaye zimphoqe ukuba agqibe umtshato ngesigqibo senkundla.
15. ngamnye umqeqeshi kufuneka abe negqwetha.
NgeYurophu ephakathi, iimfazwe zazivame ukuphazamiseka, ngoko ke ii-knights zazingekho ekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, umntu wayefanele alawulwe ipropati yawo, kwakufuneka ukuba amagosa abo ayenze ukujongana nayo.
16. U-Mariam akavumelekanga ukuba enze ubuhenyu.
E-Italy, umthetho wawusungulwa ngabesifazane ababizwa ngokuba nguMaria. Bonke abanikazi beli gama banqatshelwe ukuba bahenyuze.
17. Umthetho kaPetros I ngokuziphatha komntu ophantsi komphathi.
Ngokwamazwi: "Abangaphantsi kobuso bamagunya kufuneka bajongeke baze bathule, ukuze bangaphazamisi umphakamileyo womntu ngokucinga."
Kwaye nantsi iminye imithetho engaqhelekanga evela kutshanje.
18. Umthetho wokubhabha i-flying saucers.
Umthetho owenqabela ukuhlaselwa kwiindawo ezindizayo eziviniweyo zaseFransi, wapapashwa kwi-50s yekhulu le-20. Akukacaci ukuba yintoni eyenza uRhulumente waseFransi ukuba enze umthetho onjalo.
19. Ukuthumela abantwana ngeposi.
EUnited States, ukuya kwamashumi amabini wenkulungwane ye-20, yavunyelwa ukuba ithumele abantwana babo ngabantwana ngeposi. Umthetho wawunqabela ukuhanjiswa okunjalo kuphela ngo-1920, xa umfazi oshiyekileyo wathumela iplasela kwipokethi yendodakazi yakhe.
20. Ukuvalwa kokutshaya kwiindawo zoluntu.
Kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu ngo-1908 umthetho wakhutshwa owenqabela ukutshaya kwiindawo zoluntu. Kubonakala ngathi akukho nto engaqhelekanga, kodwa ngabafazi kuphela babecala ukuba bahlwaywe, lo mqathango awuzange usebenze kumadoda.