Kuyo yonke imbali yembambano, yaphumelelana. Abanye babenokuthula kunye noxolo kwaye emva kwabo bahlala bephumelele.
Abanye baba nodumo ngenxa yobundlobongela, ukupholisa nokukhohlakala. Abalawuli abanobugwenxa babonisa abantu babo inceba efana notshaba lwabo. Abantu babenqatshelwe amalungelo abo kunye neenkululeko zoluntu, kwaye xa bezama ukunikela ubungqina obuncinane bafa. Ziziphi iimbuso ezakhokelela iinkqubo ezininzi zegazi?
25. I-Comanche
Lesi sizwe samaMerika aseMerika sasona sinye esikhulu. Amandla alo bukhosi asasazeka kwiindawo ezininzi zaseMntla Merika. I-Comanche yaziwa ngokuba yizihlaselo ezikhohlakeleyo, ngexesha apho babulala wonke umntu, kuquka nabasetyhini nabantwana. Kungenxa yegama labo elidumileyo abaSpanish nabaseFransi abangazange bajonge ukuhlolisisa ngokuthe ngqo imimandla yaseMerika. Ukususela ngo-1868 ukuya ku-1881, abahlali baseMerika baqothula i-bison yezigidi ezingama-31. Ngenxa yoko, ubukumkani beComanche baqala ingxaki yokutya, kwaye yawa.
24. iiCelt
Kwixesha la mandulo, amaCelt alawula amaninzi emimandla yaseFransi, eBelgium, eNgilani namhlanje. Kwaye amaRoma anesibindi akwazi ukumelana nabameli beli buso. Kutheni? Kuba amaCelt ayedume ngobukhohlakali kunye nokunyaniseka. Bahlala bekulwela beze, bebonisa ukuzimisela kwabo ukufa. Kwimeko yokunqoba, amaCelt awanqumla zonke iintloko zexhoba zawo aze azixoshe ekhaya njengama-trophies.
23. iiVikings
Ukususela ngo-793 AD, iiVikings ezivela kwi-Peninsula yaseScandinavia ziqale ukuphanga imihlaba eyayiseNgilani, eFransi, eSpeyin naseRashiya. Amaqhinga aseScandinavians ayedabukisayo kakhulu: amajoni ahlasela ngokukhawuleza iidolophini ezingakhuselekanga, abulala amadoda asekuhlaleni, adlwengula abafazi, atshe yonke impahla aze ahambe ekhaya ngaphambi kokuba uncedo lufike kwindawo yokuhlaselwa. Kule minyaka, izakhono zeViking ziphuculwe kuphela. Baziva bengenasicala kwaye baqala ukuhlasela ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ukuhlaselwa kwadlula ixesha elide kwaye ngezinye iinkalo kuyeka ukuba kungalindelekanga. Abamelwane kunye neVikings, iidolophane zafumana ukhuseleko olungaphezulu okanye olukhuselekileyo, kwaye ngo-1066 uKumkani uHarald Hardrad wanqotshwa ngumkhosi waseNgesi kwi-Battle of Stamford Bridge.
22. iMāori Impucuko
I-Maori isizwe esihlala eNew Zealand. Amalungu aloo ndawo ayengamaqhawe amanqatha, ama-cannibals, ama-slavers kunye nabazingeli abanekhono. Udumo lwabo lwaluyingozi gqitha kangangokuba kwanama-colonists aseBrithani, abengazange adume ngokuba nobuhlobo babo, abazange bafune ukungena kwintsimi yesizwe. Xa uJames Cook efika eNew Zealand, okokuqala into yonke yayilungile, kodwa ke omnye wabantu bakhe - uJames Rowe - wacaphukisa umhlali wendawo. AmaMaori abulala uRowe ngokwakhe kunye nabanye abaPike. Into embi kakhulu kule meko kukuba ama-aborigines afumana ama-muskets. Emva kokuba bephethe isikhali, baqala ngakumbi. Ukungqubana phakathi kwamaMori kunye neBritani kwaqhubeka iminyaka emashumi, kodwa ekupheleni kweemfazwe enye kunye negazi, iNgilani yaphumelela.
21. Amanyeneyo aseMelika
I-Confederate States yaseMelika ukususela ngo-1861 ibandakanye ama-11 anqumle ukuba anqume ukuxhuma kwi-United States. Nangona engekho kumazwe ehlabathi awazange ayibone i-Confederation, yayinomongameli wayo, ifulegi, imali, kunye neenkcukacha zayo zenkcubeko nangona kunjalo. I-Confederates yaziwa ngokuba yintloni. Kulo "rhu lumente" olutsha umkhwa wamukelwa, ukubetha kunye nokudlwengulwa kwabamnyama kwakucatshangwa njengento eqhelekileyo. Ihlabathi lonke lakhwankqiswa xa lifunda malunga nendlela amaConfederates aphatha ngayo amabanjwa ejele laseAndersonville. Ngethamsanqa, i-KSA ayizange ihlale ixesha elide. Ubukhosi baseCompederate buwa ngo-1865.
20. Ubukhosi bobukhosi baseBelgium
Kwakuquka amakholeji amathathu aseAfrika eCongo. Intsimi yombuso waseBelgium ubukhosi yayizikhulu ezili-76 kuneloBelgium. Ikholoni yayithathwa njengowesithathu ekulu eAfrika kwaye yaqatshelwa njengelifa likaKumkani uLobert II, elibizwa ngokuthi "I-Butcher yaseCongo". Igama lomnxeba loMongameli linikezelwa ngokubulala abangaphezu kwesigidi saseCongo, kubaphoqa ukuba basebenze kwiindawo zokurubha. Ukuba amakhoboka ayaphule imithetho ebekweyo, babethwa baze bahlulwa ngezandla zabo.
19. Ubukhosi baseMongolia
Kwakukho ukususela ngo-1206 ukuya ku-1405 kwaye yayiyona mkhulu kunembali yoluntu. Umkhosi ophantsi kolawulo lukaGenghis Khan walandela amaqhinga ahlaselekileyo emfazwe. Oku kunceda amaMongol ukuba anqobe iidolophu kunye namazwe amaninzi. Ukuba idolophana yayilungele ukuzinikela kwinceba yamajoni ngaphandle kokulwa, abemi bayo basala bephila. Kwimeko yokuchasana, umzi wawa, kwaye bonke abantu babhujiswa. Ngokweenkcukacha zembali, ngexesha lolawulo lolawulo lweMongol, abantu abayizigidi ezingama-30 babulawa.
18. Ubukhosi baseYiputa baseYiputa
Ubukhoboka buyachuma apha. Abasebenzi baphathwa kakubi. Ukuba ngokukhawuleza ikhoboka laphuma ngaphandle komyalelo, wanikwa imivimbo engu-100, kwaye emva kokugqitywa kwesigwebo esabuyela emsebenzini. Inani elilula kwiYiputa yamandulo yahlushwa yindlala kunye nezifo, ezona ziimeko ezininzi zibangelwa yimithwalo enzima.
17. Ubukhosi base-Ottoman
Amandla ezandleni zakhe aqhutyelwe iminyaka. Ukususela ngo-1914 ukuya ku-1922, ubukhosi base-Ottoman babulabalalisa amaKristu aseGrike. Izigidi ezingama-3.5 zamaGrike, amaArmenian kunye namaAsiriya zabhubha ezandleni zikaMustafa Kemal kunye ne-Young Turks. UBukhosi behla ngo-1922.
16. iMyanmar
Ngowe-1962, iMyanmar, eyaziwa ngokuba yiBurma, yafunyanwa yinqanaba lezempi. Emva kokubhikisha, bonke abaphathi abanelisekile bathunyelwa entolongweni. Idemokhrasi yanyanzeliswa kuzo zonke iindlela. Ukuphumelela kolawulo lokunyanzelisa umkhosi kwenza iMyanmar ibe yindawo ehlala kuyo, apho ezinye ihlabathi azifuni ukuba nemicimbi. Ngenxa yoko, abathathi-nxaxheba kuphela kwirejimenti bafumana inzuzo ekulawuleni kwabo, ngelixa abantu abancinci bebahlwempu.
Ubukhosi base-Neo-Asiriya
Amandla akhe afikelela kwintsimi yaseMesopotamiya neYiputa ukusuka ku-883 BC. e. 627 BC. e. Ama-Neo-Asiriya ayehluke ngobudlova. Ukulwa namazwe amatsha, bathengisa abantu basekuhlaleni babagqila baze bawagxotha emakhaya abo. AmaAsiriya aseleyo awafakwe kwisibonda, ahlanjululwa. Ekungeneni kwimizi apho ubukhosi be-Neo-Asiriya babusa khona, kwakukho iintsika zeenteliti ezininzi kunye neentloko ezingenakuhlala zityalwe kuzo. Amajoni awazange afune ukuwagubungela amehlo abo kumaxhoba, atshise abantwana, kunye neentloko zeentshaba ezitshutshiswayo zaxhonywa kwimithi ejikeleze izixeko.
14. Ubukhosi basePortugal
Ukulawula kwakhe kwaqala ngo-1415. Ubutyebi bobukhosi basePortugal buye lwasuka eYurophu, e-Afrika, e-India ukuya eJapan naseBrazil. Imikhosi yabetha iidolophana zaseAfrika, izakhamuzi zendawo ezigqilaziwe kwaye zenza igalelo elikhulu kwizorhwebo lezogqila. Ukuhla kobukhosi kwaqala ngo-1961, xa abasebenzi base-Angola bevukela. Ukuvukela kwakhokelela kwimfazwe yemfazwe eneminyaka eli-14. Ekugqibeleni umbuso wePutukezi owawuqhaqhaqhakazi wawuneminyaka eyi-
13. Umbuso waseMacedonia
UAlexandro Omkhulu uthathwa njengowomnye wamagosa amakhulu empi kwimbali. Waqala uhambo lwakhe eMakedoni. Emva kokuba enze umkhosi onamandla, uAlexander Omkhulu wakwazi ukunqoba iGrisi, iSiriya, iYiputa, iPersi. Ukuze ufezekise injongo, umlawuli kunye nomkhosi wakhe ngezinye izihlandlo basebenzisa iindawo ezinentloni. Umkhosi wabethela amawaka abantu, watshisa izixeko ezininzi waza wabhubhisa abaninzi abantu abangenacala. Ingqondo ye-Aleksandria igxile kwi-paranoia. Umlawuli wabulala nabani na owakrokrela ukuba uhlaselo. Emva kokufa kukaAlexandro Omkhulu, umbuso waseMacedonia wahlula waba ngamazwe amathathu.
12. Umbuso waseTaliyane
Ngo-1861, i-Italy yaba lizwe elinye. Ngokukhawuleza emva koko, abalawuli baseburhulumenteni baqala ukulungelelanisa iindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi. AmaTaliyane aqala ngeSomalia naseLibya. Ngomnyaka we-1922, umlawuli wesigxina uBenito Mussolini wayecwangcise ukunyusa iindawo ezininzi, kuquka amazwe aseGrisi naseAlbania. Ngethuba lokulawula kwakhe u-Mussolini wakha umbuso wamapolisa, waphula ipalamente waza wagxothisa yonke inkcaso.
11. Ubukhosi baseSpeyin
Emva kokuba uColumbus efumene ihlabathi elitsha, ubukhosi baseSpain buye baqala ukuzabalalisa la mazwe. Abaqeshisi baphanga, badlwengulwa babulala izizwe zendawo, kuquka ii-Aztec ne-Incas. Bajika amadoda ukuba abe ngamakhoboka, abafazi baxhonywa, ababingeleli nabapristi babetshisa. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, amaSpeyin aziswa kwiNew World World, ebulala amawaka amawaka abantu.
10. Ubukhosi baseFransi
Ulawulo lolawulo lwaseFransi lukhokelela ekufeni kwezigidi zabantu baseYurophu. Endaweni yokuphuhlisa idemokhrasi kweli lizwe, uNapoleon wachaza ngokwakhe umbusi waza wabuyisela ubukhoboka kuphela iminyaka eyisixhenxe emva kokupheliswa kwakhe. Kwaye into ebuhlungu kukuba uBonaparte wade walawula ukubulawa kwabantu baseHaiti emagumbini egesi.
9. Ubukhosi baseJapan
Ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini, ubukhosi baseJapan bunqoba inxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-Asia kunye neziqithi ezikufuphi e-Pacific Ocean. Ukubanjwa kwemimandla kwakuhamba kunye nokufa kwezigidi zabantu kunye namabanjwa emfazwe. Abantu baseJapan bahlushwa, abantu abalambileyo, babajika baba ngamakhoboka.
8. North Korea
I-Korea yaseNyakatho iye yachasana namazwe amaninzi aseNtshona kuye ukususela ngomhla wokuqala wokuqala. Amandla apha agxila ezandleni zentsapho enye. Umlawuli wokuqala nguKim Il Sung. I-North Korea iyakunqunywa kwihlabathi lonke. Apha, unqulo lwenkokeli lukhuthazwa ngokunyanisekileyo. Amakhulu amawaka abantu baseKorea abachasayo bakhonza izivakalisi zabo kwiintolongo. Ngo-1990, malunga nezigidi ezi-2 zabantu bafa yindlala eNyakatho Korea. Inxalenye enkulu yenzuzo yelizwe ivela kumashishini angekho mthethweni kwiziyobisi kunye nezixhobo. Okwangoku, abantu baseMntla Korea bazama ukuvavanya iinqhomfa ze-intercontinental ballistic kwaye bawutyeshela ngokupheleleyo ukugxeka okuvela eMelika naseManyeneyo.
7. IJamani eJamani
Ukususela ngo-1933 ukuya ku-1945, igunya laseJamani lalingumbutho woluqilima okhokelwa ngu-Adolf Hitler. Umlawuli kunye namaqabane akhe asasaza ukuphakanyiswa kobuqheno besizwe, ukuchasana namaYuda kwaye akazange avumele iSivumelwano saseVersailles. UHitler wabhubhisa amaYuda ayizigidi ezingama-6, ebayisa kwiinkampu zoxinzelelo waza wawaxhaphaza apho. Kwakhona wahlasela intsimi yasePoland, eFransi, eMntla Afrika kunye neSoviet Union, eshiya kuphela ukufa nokubhujiswa.
6. I Khmer Rouge
Ngowe-1975 ukuya ku-1979, i-Pol Pot kunye neKhmer Rouge yenze i-Cambodia ithatha i-Communist takeover. I-revolution yonakalise kakhulu imeko kweli lizwe. Ngomnqweno wokwakha uluntu olungenakulinganiswa noluntu, i-Pol Pot yabhubhisa abahlakaniphileyo, iinkokeli zonqulo kunye nabanye abantu, abanemibono, ekubonweni kwakhe, abahambelani nezikhundla ezisisiseko zombuso omtsha. Kwizigidi ezili-8 zaseCambodia, abantu abayi-1.5 yezigidi babulawa yiKhmer Rouge.
5. I-China phantsi kweMao Zedong
Inguqulelo yaseTshayina eyalandela iMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBili yaba negalelo ekudalweni kweRiphabhlikhi Yabantu baseChina, ilawulwa nguMa Zedong. Okukugqibela kwasasaza umgaqo-nkqubo "wokugqithisa okukhulu" kunye nabasimili belizwe ngokukhawuleza ukuba baye kumaqela, bawaphi na amalungelo kunye nenkululeko. Ukususela ngo-1958 ukuya ku-1962, ngexesha leendlala, abasebenzi babethwa baza bahlushwa. Kwiminyaka emine, abantu abayizigidi ezingama-45 bafa, kwaye indlala yanda.
4. ISoviet Union
Lo ngowomnye wabantu abadumileyo kwimbali yoluntu. UMlawuli uJoseph Stalin wenza ininzi yolwaphulo-mthetho kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBili, wayenqaba abantu basehlabathini lakhe baninzi amalungelo kunye nenkululeko. Ukongeza, wenza ngamabomu indlala e-Ukraine, efuna ukunqanda ukuvukela. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abayizigidi ezi-7 bafa.
3. Ubukhosi baseRoma
Ngamaxesha amahle, ukubusa kobukhosi baseRoma kwasasazeka kwiYurophu, eMntla Afrika, eJiputa naseSiriya. AmaRoma agcina ihlabathi liloyiko. Abahlali belali belalibethelelwe bebethelwe esiphambanweni. Kwaye akenzanga oku kuhlwaywa, kodwa nokubonisa amandla abo. Uqoqosho loBukumkani baseRoma lwakhiwa ngomsebenzi kunye ne-sextorn, kunye nokuphanga nokuphanga. Amakhosi amaninzi aseRoma - njengoNero, uCaligula, uDominiti - ayeziwa ngokuba ngabashicileli, ngokubhubhisa ngamabomu abo basekhaya.
2. Ubukhosi bamaAztec
Ngoxa amaSpanish awazange awabhubhise ngokupheleleyo, ama-Aztec azinqothula ngokwawo. Abasemagunyeni babethatyathwa kakubi kunye nabantu babo. Isizwe sasikhonza unkulunkulu u-Huitzilopochtli kwaye bakholelwa ukuba udla iintliziyo zabantu. Imihlatshelo yayiqhutyelwa rhoqo. Ngolunye usuku isizwe singabulala abantu abayi-84 iwaka.
1. UBukumkani baseBrithani
AmaBrithani aqokelela ikota yesithili somhlaba wonke. Nangona abasekeli beburhulumente badumisa, imithombo emininzi ifumana ulwazi lokuba ubukumkani boBukumkani baseBrithani abuzange buhlambuluke ngokupheleleyo. Ngokomzekelo, iMfazwe yase-Anglo-Boer, umkhosi waseBrithani wagxotha abahlali bendawo kwiinkampu zoxinzelelo, apho abantu abangaphezu kwama-27,000 bafa ngenxa yindlala, izifo kunye nokuhlushwa. Abanye ababhali-mlando bakholelwa ukuba yiBrithani eyahlula iIndiya nePakistan, isetyenzisane malunga nabantu abayizigidi ezili-10. Kwaye ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX kwindlala yabantu abayi-12 ukuya kwi-29 yezigidi zafa. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi uChurchill wayala ukuba athathe iitoni ezili-10 zokusanhlamvu ezivela kwiikoloni ukuya e-UK ukuze ahlawule isaphulelo sesityalo.