Kwintsimi yehlabathi kukho iindawo apho izibonakaliso zokungcolisa i-radiation zihamba ngokukhawuleza, ngoko kuyingozi kakhulu ukuba umntu abe khona.
Izaphulo ziyingozi kwizinto zonke eziphilayo emhlabeni, kodwa uluntu aluyekanga ukusebenzisa izitishi zamandla e-athomu, ukuphuhlisa ibhomu kunye njalo. Ehlabathini kukho imimandla ecacileyo yezinto ezinokubangela ukusetyenziswa ngokungakhathali kwezi zikhulu. Makhe sijonge kwiindawo kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lemvelaphi yomsakazo.
1. URamsar, Iran
Isixeko esenyakatho ye-Iran sibhale izinga eliphezulu lemimandla yomsinga eMhlabeni. Iimvavanyo zenze i-indices kwi-25 mSv. ngonyaka ngomlinganiselo we-1-10 millisieverts.
2. Sellafield, eUnited Kingdom
Lo akusiko isixeko, kodwa isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi se-atomic esisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-plutonium yezixhobo zamabhomu kwiibhomu ze-athomu. Kwasekwa ngowe-1940, kwaye kwiminyaka eyi-17 kwakukho umlilo, owabangela ukukhululwa kwe-plutonium. Le ntlekele yatsho ubomi babantu abaninzi abaye bafa ixesha elide ngenxa yomhlaza.
3. Icawa yeCawa, iNew Mexico
Kulo dolophu kukho isityalo sokuncedisa i-uranium, apho kwenzeka ingozi enkulu, ngenxa yezinto ezingaphezu kwe-1 000 zeetayibhile ezichanekileyo kunye ne-352,000 m3 yesisombululo se-acidiasic acid. Konke oku kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni inqanaba lemivuzo liye landa kakhulu: izikhombisi zinamawaka angama-7 aphakamileyo kunokoko.
4. Unxweme lwaseSomalia
Izaziso kule ndawo zabonakala zingalindelekanga, kwaye uxanduva lwemiphumo emibi luhlala kwiinkampani zaseYurophu eziseSwitzerland nase-Italy. Ubunkokeli babo basebenzise inzame kwiimeko zeRiphabhulikhi kwaye belahlekelwa ngogonyamelo lwenkunkuma ngokusasaza kwintlambo yaseSomalia. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abangenacala babenobungozi.
5. Los Barrios, eSpain
Kwi-Acherino isitshini sokubuyiswa kwesinyithi, ngenxa yempazamo yezixhobo zokulawula, umthombo we-cesium-137 wachithwa, okhokelela ekukhunjweni kwefayili yomsakazo kunye nenqanaba lombane elidlulileyo kwiimpawu eziqhelekileyo ngamaxesha angamawaka. Emva kwithuba elithile, ukungcola kwandiswa kwimihlaba yaseJamani, eFransi, e-Itali nakwamanye amazwe.
6. Denver, eMelika
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuba, ngokuthelekiswa nezinye iindawo, i-Denver ngokwayo inomgangatho ophezulu wemitha. Kukho isiphakamiso: yonke into kukuba loo mzi ubude ubude bemihilomitha ngaphezulu kwezinga lezilwandle, kwaye kwiindawo ezinjalo imvelaphi yemoya iyinto efihlakeleyo, kwaye ngoko ukukhuselwa kwimililo yelanga ayinamandla. Ukongezelela, kukho iindidi ezinkulu ze-uranium eDenver.
7. Guarapari, eBrazil
Amabhishi amahle aseBrazil angabungozi kwimpilo, inxulumene neendawo zokuphumla e-Guarapari, apho kukho ukukhukuliseka kwezinto ezisemoyeni zomsakazo we-monazite entlabathi. Ukuba kuthelekiswa nomgangatho we-10 mSv, iiparitha zokulinganisa isanti zazingaphezulu - 175 mSv.
8. Arkarula, Australia
Kwiminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu abasabalalisi beemitha-mpahla baye babe yimithombo yasemhlabeni yaseParalany, ejikeleza ngamatye ane-uranium. Izifundo ziye zabonisa ukuba ezi mithombo eshushu zithwala i-radon kunye ne-uranium emhlabeni. Xa imeko iguquka, akucaci.
9. IWashington, iMelika
Inkqantosi yaseHanford yenyukliya kwaye yasungulwa ngo-1943 nguRhulumente waseMelika. Umsebenzi walo oyintloko kwakukuphuhlisa amandla enyukliya ekwenzeni izixhobo. Ngethuba lithatyathwa ngaphandle kwenkonzo, kodwa i-radiation iyaqhubeka ivela kuyo, kwaye iza kuqhubeka ixesha elide.
10. Karunagappalli, eIndiya
Kwimeko yase-Indiya yaseKerala kwidolophu yaseKollam, kukho umasipala waseKarunagappalli, apho izitya ezingenabunqabileyo zichithwa khona, ezinye zazo, ngokwesibonelo, i-monazite, ziye zaba njengesihlabathi ngenxa yokukhukhula. Ngenxa yoko, kwezinye iindawo kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni iqondo lokufikelela emlilweni lifikelela kuma-70 mSv / ngonyaka.
11. Goias, Brazil
Ngowe-1987, kwakukho isiganeko esibuhlungu kwimeko yeGoias, esecaleni lesentshona-ntshona yaseBrazil. Abaqoki bezinto eziqingqiweyo banquma ukuthabatha ifowuni ekwenzelwe i-radiotherapy kwisibhedlele esishiyiweyo sendawo. Ngenxa yakhe, ummandla wonke wawusemngciphekweni, kuba ukudibanisa okukhuselekanga kunye nezixhobo kubakho ukusasazeka kwemitha.
12. I-Scarborough, eKhanada
Ukususela ngowe-1940, indawo yokuhlala yaseScarborough iyingozi, kwaye le ndawo ibizwa ngokuba nguMcClure. Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-radium, ekhishwe kwintsimbi, eyayilungiselelwe ukusetyenziswa kwiimvavanyo.
13. eNew Jersey, eMelika
Kwinqanaba laseBurlington lisezantsi loMkhosi we-Air Force, owabandakanywa yi-Arhente yokuKhuselwa kokusiNgqongileyo kwiluhlu lwee-airbases ezingcolileyo kakhulu eMelika. Kule ngongoma, kwenziwa imisebenzi yokucocwa kwintsimi, kodwa amanqanaba aphakanyisiweyo omlilo aqoshiwe kude kube ngoku.
14. I-bank of Irtysh, Kazakhstan
Ngexesha leMfazwe yeCold, indawo yokuhlola yokuhlola yaseSemipalatinsk yasungulwa kwintsimi ye-USSR, apho kuhlolwa i zixhobo zamandla enyukliya. Apha, iimvavanyo ezingama-468 zenziwa, imiphumo yabonakaliswa kubemi basekuhlaleni. Iinkcukacha zibonisa ukuba malunga namawaka angama-200 abantu abachaphazelekayo.
15. eParis, eFransi
Kwaye kwenye yezona ndawo zidumileyo kunye neentlephu zaseYurophu zinendawo ehlambulukileyo yimitha. Imilinganiselo emikhulu yemvelaphi ye-radioactive yafunyanwa e-Fort D'Auberviller. Inqaku elipheleleyo kukuba kukho iitanki ezingama-61 kunye ne-cesium kunye ne-radium, kwaye ummandla ngokwawo ngowama-60 m3 ungcolileyo.
16. Fukushima, eJapane
Ngo-Matshi 2011, inhlekelele yenyukliya yenzeka kwisixhobo samandla enyukliya eJapan. Ngenxa yengozi, intsimi ejikeleze esi sitishi yaba njengentlango, malunga nabangama-165,000 abahlali basekhaya bashiya amakhaya abo. Le ndawo yaqatshelwa njengendawo yokuhlukanisa.
17. eSiberia, eRashiya
Kule ndawo ngenye yezona zityalo ezinkulu kwihlabathi. Ivelisa ama-toni ayi-125 eetyala ezinqabileyo, ezihlambela amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba kwindawo esondeleyo. Ukongezelela, iimvavanyo zibonise ukuba ukuchithwa kwemvula kuyasasaza i-radiation kwizilwanyana zasendle, apho izilwanyana zihlupheka ngayo.
18. IYangjiang, eChina
Kwisithili saseYangjiang, izitena kunye nodongwe kwakusetyenziselwa ukwakha izindlu, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo akukho mntu wacinga okanye wayesazi ukuba le nto yokwakha ayifanelekanga ukwakha izindlu. Oku kungenxa yokuba isanti kummandla uvela kwiindawo zeenduli, apho kukho inani elikhulu le-monazite - i-mineral ephuka phantsi kwi-radium, i-actinium kunye ne-radon. Kuye kwenzeka ukuba abantu bahlala bebonakaliswa kwimisebe, ngoko ke isiganeko somhlaza sikhulu kakhulu.
19. Mailuu-Suu, Kyrgyzstan
Le ngenye yeendawo ezininzi ezingcolileyo kwihlabathi, kwaye akuyona into yombane yamandla enyukliya, kodwa kungenxa yemisebenzi yemigodi kunye nemisebenzi yokucubungula eyenza ukukhutshwa kwe-1.96 yezigidigidi ze-m3 ye-wasteactive radioactive.
20. Symi Valley, California
Kwidolophu encinane eCalifornia, kukho i-laboratory field ye-NASA, ebizwa ngokuthi nguSanta Susanna. Kwimiba yobomi bayo, bekukho iingxaki ezininzi ezinxulumene nezixhobo zamandla enyukliya ezilishumi eziphantsi, ezakhokelela ekukhutshweni kweensimbi zomshubhe. Ngoku kwenziwa imisebenzi eyenziwa kule ndawo enenjongo yokucima ummandla.
21. Ozersk, eRashiya
Kwindawo yaseChelyabinsk ngumbutho wokuvelisa "iMayak", eyakhiwa ngowe-1948. Eli shishini libandakanya ukuveliswa kwezixhobo zezixhobo zenukliya, i-isotopes, ukugcinwa kunye nokubuyiswa kokusetyenziswa kwezinto zenyukliya. Kukho izingozi ezininzi, ezibangele ukungcola kwamanzi okusela, kwaye oku kwandisa inani lezifo ezingapheliyo phakathi kwabahlali bendawo.
22. IChernobyl, eUkraine
Inhlekelele, eyenzeka ngo-1986, ayichaphazeli kuphela abantu base-Ukraine, kodwa nakwabanye amazwe. Iingqinisiso zibonise ukuba iziganeko zezifo ezingapheliyo kunye nezifo ze-oncological ziye zanda kakhulu. Okumangalisa kukuba, kwaqatshelwa ngokusemthethweni ukuba abantu abangama-56 kuphela abafa ngenxa yengozi.